Shyrokolanivka (, ) is a village in the Mykolaiv Raion of the

Mykolaiv Oblast Mykolaiv Oblast (, ), also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna (, ), is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (province) of Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Mykolaiv. At the most recent estimate, the population ...

in southern

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. It is located along the east bank of the Berezan River.

Name

The name ''Landau'' was used for the settlement until 1935. The village was renamed ''imeni Karla Libknekhta'' (имени Карла Либкнехта) from 1935 to 1945. It was renamed ''Shyrokolanivka'' after the remaining German residents were driven from the area by the advancing

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

army.

History

The village was established in 1810 as Landau by

Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

immigrants to the Beresaner Valley, then part of the

Kherson Governorate Kherson Governorate, known until 1803 as Nikolayev Governorate, was an administrative-territorial unit ('' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kherson. It encompassed in area and had a population of 2,733,612 inhabitants. At t ...

of the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

. Most of the colonists (66 families) came from

Rheinhessen-Pfalz Rheinhessen-Pfalz (rarely anglicized as "Rhine-Hesse-Palatinate") was one of the three ''Regierungsbezirke'' of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, located in the south of the state. It was created in 1968 out of ''Regierungsbezirke'' Rheinhessen and ...

, and others (27 families) from

Alsace Alsace (, ; ) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in the Grand Est administrative region of northeastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine, next to Germany and Switzerland. In January 2021, it had a population of 1,9 ...

. A teachers' training school was founded in the village in 1907. Later, a girls' school was established, as well as a poor house and an orphanage. The population of Landau in 1918 was 1,363.''Beresan District Odessa Newsletter'' 1.1 (June 1996), pp. 4-5.
In the 1930s, the Soviet authorities moved against the churches in the area. The Catholic church in Landau was converted into a parachute-jumping platform.Zugger, Christopher Lawrence. 2001. ''The Forgotten: Catholics of the Soviet Empire from Lenin Through Stalin.'' Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. The Orthodox church and cemetery in Landau were destroyed and a theater was built at the site; in the fall of 1937, the theater was the venue for a show trial against parish priests in the region (including the Landau parish priest, Anton Hoffmann) accused of anti-Soviet activity. Father Hoffmann was sent to a forced labor camp, where he died.

Notable people

* Markus Glaser (1880–1950): cleric,

Apostolic Administrator An apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic admi ...

of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Iaşi * Michael Seifert (1924–2010): SS guard in

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

References

External links

Shyrokolanivka
Populated places established in 1810 Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast Former German settlements in Mykolaiv Oblast Kherson Governorate 1810 establishments in Ukraine {{Mykolaiv-geo-stub Villages in Mykolaiv Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast

Name

History

Notable people

See also

References

External links