Shyamnagar, West Bengal
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Shyamnagar is a neighbourhood in
Bhatpara Bhatpara is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Overview Bhatpara i ...
of
North 24 Parganas district North 24 Parganas (abv. 24 PGS (N)) or sometimes North Twenty Four Parganas is a district in southern West Bengal, of eastern India. North 24 Parganas extends in the tropical zone from latitude 22° 11′ 6″ north to 23° 15′ 2″ north and ...
in the
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
n
state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...
of
West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...
. It is a part of the area covered by
Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) is the statutory planning and development authority for the Kolkata metropolitan area in the Indian state of West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a S ...
(KMDA).


Geography


Location

Shyamnagar is located at in the
Ganges Delta The Ganges Delta (also known the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta, the Sundarbans Delta or the Bengal Delta) is a river delta predominantly covering the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, consisting of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Be ...
at an average elevation of . It is spread linearly along the banks of the River Hooghly in a north – south direction. Much of the city was originally a vast wetland, reclaimed over the decades to accommodate the city's burgeoning population. The remaining wetland, known as East Calcutta Wetlands has been designated a "wetland of international importance" under the
Ramsar Convention The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar site, Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on We ...
. 96% of the population of
Barrackpore subdivision Barrackpore subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. History In 1757, the East India Company obtained the ''zamindari'' or land-holders rights of the 24 Parganas Zaminda ...
(partly presented in the adjoining map) live in urban areas. In 2011, it had a population density of 10,967 per km2. The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns. For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire municipal area and thereafter ward-wise. All places marked on the map are linked in the full-screen map.


Physical features

Like most of the
Indo-Gangetic plain The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the Northern Plain or North Indian River Plain, is a fertile plain spanning across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses North India, northern and East India, easte ...
s, the predominant soil and water type is
alluvial Alluvium (, ) is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is ...
. Quaternary sediments consisting of clay, silt, various grades of sand and gravel underlie the city. These sediments are sandwiched between two clay beds, the lower one at depths between and and the upper one ranging between and in thickness. According to the
Bureau of Indian Standards The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the National Standards Body of India under Department of Consumer affairs, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, Government ...
, the town falls under seismic zone-III, in a scale of I to V (in order of increasing proneness to earthquakes) while the wind and
cyclone In meteorology, a cyclone () is a large air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere as viewed from above (opposite to an ant ...
zoning is "very high damage risk", according to
UNDP The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development. The UNDP emphasizes on developing local capacity towar ...
report.


Police station

Jagaddal police station under
Barrackpore Police Commissionerate Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, established on 20 January 2012, is a city police force with primary responsibilities in law enforcement and investigation within the area which roughly constitutes the Barrackpore subdivision, and is located ...
has jurisdiction over Bhatpara Municipal area.


Post Office

While Shyamnagar has a delivery sub post office Mulajore has a non-delivery sub post office, both with
PIN A pin is a device, typically pointed, used for fastening objects or fabrics together. Pins can have the following sorts of body: *a shaft of a rigid inflexible material meant to be inserted in a slot, groove, or hole (as with pivots, hinges, an ...
743127 in the North Presidency Division of North 24 Parganas district in Calcutta region. Other post offices with the same PIN are Kowgachhi, Paltapara, Feeder Road, Gurdah, Mondalpara and Purbabidyadharpur.


Demographics

Besides the original historic Bengali population of the town, Shyamnagar has for centuries been inhabited by a large number of people who migrated here (and a few other places in West Bengal) starting in late nineteenth centuries when the establishment of the jute mills along the bank of Ganges drew in a large labor force from the neighboring states of Bihar and Orissa, as well as eastern Uttar Pradesh. Quite frequently throughout the township, the migrant population formed an overwhelming majority of the population of the local areas --- mainly surrounding the
shanty town A shanty town, squatter area, squatter settlement, or squatter camp is a settlement of improvised buildings known as shanties or shacks, typically made of materials such as mud and wood, or from cheap building materials such as corrugated iron s ...
s and bustees dotting the mills. Lately, a sizeable portion of the youths are found to be engaged in business with the foreign and Indian Multinational companies who are opening their offices in the Salt Lake and Rajarhat area of Kolkata.


History

The name of Shyamngar came from a folk etymology of Samne+ garh (সামনে+ গঢ়), which in course of time changed to Shyamnagar. During the rule of Raja
Krishnachandra Roy Raja Krishnachandra (born Krishnachandra Roy; 1710–1783) was a raja and zamindar in Nadia from 1728 to 1782. He belonged to the Nadia Raj family and Shakta Brahmin tradition. He is credited not only with his resistance to the Mughal rule, b ...
of Krishnanagar, the king gave the village called 'Mulajore' --- along with a honorary title of Ray Gunakar --- to his court poet, the great
Bharatchandra Ray Bharatchandra Ray Gunakor (; 1712–1760) was an 18th-century Bengali and Sanskrit Sakta court poet and song composer. He is mostly known for his poetic work, '' Annadamangal'' or ''Annapurnamangal''.Sen, Sukumar (1991, reprint 2007). ''Bangala ...
. The historic Bharat Chandra Library, was established in 1906 and named so in remembrance of Bharat Chandra Ray Gunakar. The library is situated in close proximity to the Shyamnagar railway station. Relatives of Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore had set up Mulajor Kalibari at Shyamnagar in North 24 Parganas --- a historical fact relatively unknown to most of the populace. The ancient Kali temple on the bank of the
Hooghly River The Hooghly River (, also spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') is the westernmost distributary of the Ganges, situated in West Bengal, India. It is known in its upper reaches as the Bhagirathi. The Bhagirathi splits off from the main branch of the G ...
is eye soothing. One of the priests here said the temple was constructed beside Hooghly River on 31 Baishakh in 1219 Bengali year --- around 200 years ago, and even before the famous Dakhineswar Kali temple was set up by
Rani Rashmoni Rashmoni Das, popularly known as Lokamata Rani Rashmoni, also spelled as Rani Rasmani, (28 September 1793 – 19 February 1861), was an Indian businesswoman, entrepreneur, Zamindar, philanthropist and the founder of the Dakshineswar Kali Tem ...
Devi. Currently, six priests are engaged for offering puja to goddess Kali and one of the temple priests said "No dedicated book has been written on this temple and gradually history is fading away; but we know relatives of Rabindranath Tagore constructed this temple". Srijit Thakur, from the ''Rajbari'' at Pathuriaghata Street near Natunbazar in Kolkata, is one of the few surviving member of the Thakur family whose ancestors set up the temple. According to the biographer of Rabindranath Tagore,
Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyaya Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyaya (27 July 1892 – 7 November 1985) was a Bengali writer best known for his biography of poet Rabindranath Tagore. Early life He started his early life at Giridih, now in Jharkhand, where his father Nagendranath Mukh ...
, the original surname of the Tagores was Kushari. They were Rarhi Brahmins and originally belonged to a village named Kush in the district named
Burdwan Bardhaman (, ), officially Bardhaman Sadar, is a city and municipality in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of Purba Bardhaman district, having become a district capital during the period of British rule. Burdwan, an a ...
in
West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...
. Rabindranath Tagore's ancestor Dinanath Kushari, the son of Bhatta Narayana was a native of this village.Mukhopadhyaya, Prabhatkumar, ''Rabindrajibani o Rabindra Sahitya Prabeshak'', 1985, Visva Bharati, p 3 Generations later different branches of the Kusharis migrated to different parts of Bengal; one of the branches migrated to
Jessore District Jessore District, List of renamed places in Bangladesh, officially Jashore District (; ), is a Districts of Bangladesh, district in southwestern Bangladesh. It is bordered by India to the west, Khulna District, Khulna and Satkhira District, Satk ...
and settled there. One of the descendants Panchanan Kushari later came back from
Jessore District Jessore District, List of renamed places in Bangladesh, officially Jashore District (; ), is a Districts of Bangladesh, district in southwestern Bangladesh. It is bordered by India to the west, Khulna District, Khulna and Satkhira District, Satk ...
in East Bengal to
West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...
and settled in Gobindopur."https://banglalive.com/jorasanko-thakurbari-muslim-connection/ " "Panchanan got the title thakur, and since then his family member used to write the title Thakur instead of Kusari" --- as one of the priests said. Jairam Thakur (Kusari) from latter generation had four sons --- Anandiram, Nilmoni, Darpanarayan, and Gobindaram. Prince
Dwarkanath Tagore Dwarkanath Tagore (also spelled Dwarakanath Thakur; 1794–1846), popularly known as Prince Dwarkanath Tagore, was one of the first Indian industrialists to partner with the British. He was the son of Rammoni Tagore, and was given in adoption to ...
was the next generation of Anandiram. Dwarakanath's son was Debendranath, and Rabindranath was Debendranath's eighth son. Debendranath, as a matter of fact, became Brahmo and did not believe in idol worshipping. It had not been known whether he or his sons ever visited the Kali temple in Shyamnagar --- founded by Gopimohan Thakur, son of Darpanarayan. Gopimohan had two sons, Prsanna Kumar and Harakumar, and a daughter --- Brahmamoyee. Prasanna Kumar had one son, Pradyot Kumar. Harakumar had a son, Jatindromohan. Surviving member Srijit Thakur is the son of Prabirendro Mohan, who was the son of Pradyot Kumar. According to a local folktale, the land on which the Kali temple was established was traditionally occupied by people of lower social standings, namely, the 'Nandi' (caste) and 'Pirali'; therefore, the dignitaries among the priests from 'Bhatpara tol' (Sanskrit educational institution) used to refuse offering puja to the goddess at Mulajore Shyamnagar Kali temple; as a result, priests had to be hired from
Bankura Bankura () is a city and a municipality in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of the Bankura district. Etymology It comes from the old Austric word ráŕhá or ráŕho which means “land of red soil”.P.R. Sarkar Rarh - ...
, Burdwan and other places. Later a Sanskrit College was set up by the king Gopimohan Thakur --- for up-lifting of the prestige of the Sanskrit education in the immediate neighborhood. This Sanskrit college has been a matter of pride for generations of the traditional residents of the township. Students were accommodated in the college hostel; they used to take Prasad in the temple for daily meals. Ramkumar Chattopadhyaya, elder brother of Ramakrishna Dev was a student of this college. Unfortunately, instead of reconstructing that dilapidated building, a heritage building of the locality with its Ionic pillars Rabindra Bhawan was set up by municipality --- replacing the college, ignoring the sense of heritage.


Overview

Shyamnagar is situated on the eastern bank of the river Ganga. The Kali Temple, Mulajore Kalibari, is situated in between Shyamnagar railway station and
Hooghly river The Hooghly River (, also spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') is the westernmost distributary of the Ganges, situated in West Bengal, India. It is known in its upper reaches as the Bhagirathi. The Bhagirathi splits off from the main branch of the G ...
. An auditorium named Rabindra Bhavan was built by
Bhatpara Bhatpara is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Overview Bhatpara i ...
Municipality by the side of this Kali Temple. It was said that Pandit
Vidyasagar Vidyasagar or Vidya Sagar may refer to: People *Acharya Vidyasagar (born 1946), prominent Digambar Jain Acharya (1946-) *Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (1820–1891), Bengali scholar *Vidyasagar (composer) (born 1963), South Indian music director * C ...
used to often visit the temple and the adjoining Sanskrit College. An annual fair called Poush Mela --- a popular festive attraction of the township --- is being organized every year in ''Pousha Masa'' according to Bengali calendar (between December and January in the standard Christian calendar). The place becomes holy with the blessings of the goddesses Kali and Ganga. The Shyamnagar Book Fair is being organised by Shubhas Shanga Club Battala every year at the time of Poush Mela at Kalibari area. Other than the Mulajore Kalibari there are three other notable ''Kali Bari'' (Kali Temples) situated in Shyamnagar. They are Chowrangi Kalibari, Sidhheswari Kalibari and Rakshakali temple. There is also one Buddhist monastery situated by the railway line.


Culture

Shyamnagar is the birthplace of Pandit Ajoy Chakraborty, a prodigy classical musician of international fame. Shyamnagar is also the residence of
Aneek Dhar Aneek Dhar (born 26 April 1990 in Kolkata) is an Indian Playback Singer, Music Composer and Live Performer who started his professional musical career at the age of 17 by winning Zee TV Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2007 and Zee Bangla SaReGaMaPa b ...
, a singer who has won and hosted many reality shows focused around singing. Many well known athletes --- such as
Subrata Bhattacharya Subrata Bhattacharya (; born 3 March 1953) is an Indian football manager and former professional footballer. He primarily played as a defender for India national team and spent seventeen years playing for Mohun Bagan. Regarded as one of the ...
, Kesto Pal,
Mahabir Prasad Mahaveer Prasad () (11 November 1939 – 28 November 2010) was an Indian politician. He stood for the 2004 Lok Sabha elections on the Indian National Congress ticket and until his death was a Member of Parliament for Bansgaon. He was the Unio ...
, Asoklal Banerjee, and Sumit Mukherjee --- resided here. Notable Bengali authors, Troilokyanath Mukhopadhay and Rangalal Mukhopadhay were born here. Bharat Chandra Roy Library is a historic library in this area. It was founded in 1906 by
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (anglicized as Bankim Chandra Chatterjee; 26 or 27 June 1838 – 8 April 1894) was an Indian Bengali novelist, poet, essayist and journalist.Staff writer"Bankim Chandra: The First Prominent Bengali Novelist" ''The ...
.


Companies and factories


Exide Industries Limited

* Exide's range and scale of manufacturing operations can be matched by few companies in the world. Together, they produce an annual output of 8 Million Units in Automobile batteries (including batteries for motor-cycle applications), and over 600 Million Ampere-Hours of Industrial Power. * Apart from the conventional Flooded Flat Plate batteries for Automotive application, Exide also produces industrial range of batteries, which includes, Flooded – Flat plate, Flooded – Tubular plate, Flooded – Plante and Sealed Maintenance Free VRLA batteries. Miners' Cap Lamp Batteries are also produced. * Exide is the only producer of Submarine batteries in India and one of the few in the world.


Nicco Corporation Limited – Cable Division

Nicco Corporation Limited – Cable Division, an ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004 certified unit, is located on East Ghosh Para Road, Athpur, Shyamnagar, on the banks of river Ganga. The plant at Shyamnagar produces the following types of cables:- * Elastomeric cables for host of applications- Mining, Railways, Steel/Power/Petrochem Plants, Shipboard, Heavy Engineering, and Material Handling. * Large range of specialized cable for Defence (e.g. Water tight cables and buoyant cables). * Electron Beam Irradiated Cables for a wide range of applications. * XLPE & PVC power and control cables (including Flame Retardant, Low Smoke, Low Halogen (FRLS & LSZH). * Zero halogen fire survival category (FS). * Array of highly specialized Instrumentation, Data Transmission and miniature cables (including Fluoroplastic category). * Special high temperature conductors (Kapton covered). * Overhead Grooved conductors for Railway electrification.


Ramsarup Industries Limited

* Ramsarup Industries Limited, an ISO 9001:2000 unit, took over the Steel Division of Nicco Corporation Ltd in August 2002. The above unit is engaged in manufacturing of TMT Bars, Wire Rods and Steel Wires. * Installed capacity of TMT Bars (Re-inforcement & Debars) – 167000 MTs & Steel Wires – 36000 Mts. * Only producer in India to provide complete range of 8mm to 40mm Bars using Thermex Technology. * Supplier to large projects and companies and registered with Contractor of NHPC, NTPC, CPWD, Nuclear Power Corporation etc. Apart from the above factories, there are other renowned factories: # Annapurna Cotton Mills # Gouri Shankar Jute Mills # Hindustan Lever (Dalda Division) – presently changed the name.


Transport


Trains

Local and passenger trains are available every now and then to go to Kolkata, Budge Budge, Katwa, Bardhaman etc. Not only the Sealdah-Ranaghat and Bardhaman locals (via Bandel) but also all of the Sealdah main line trains crosses from the heart of the town as well. The Maitri Express, connecting not just two cities Kolkata to Dhaka but two countries, passes from this town. Not all type of service are available here. Not many school are here but some are good. They are:- 1. Shyamnagar Girls High School 2. Mulajore Sitanath Pathsala 3. Shyamnagar Kantichandra High School, 4. Rishi Aurobindo Vidya Niketan 5. Morning Bell's Academy (High School), 6. St. Augustine's Night School


Airport

Dum Dum Airport, officially the
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport () is an international airport serving the city of Kolkata and the Kolkata metropolitan region, Kolkata metropolitan area, the capital metropolis of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the ...
, is less than 30 km away and is well connected by roadways.


Buses

Shyamnagar is served by two major roadways of the district – Ghoshpara Road and
Kalyani Expressway Kalyani Expressway is a , 4-6 laned, tolled expressway in the state of West Bengal, India. It connects Kolkata with its satellite city Kalyani and declared as an expressway by Government of West Bengal. The road starts from Belghoria Expre ...
. Both of them are well connected to
Kolkata Kolkata, also known as Calcutta ( its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary ...
, the capital of West Bengal. Notable among the bus services available here are 1. Route no. 85 – a private bus service connecting the historic Kanchrapara to Barrackpore, 2. WBSTC – a government bus service connecting Shyamnagar to Garia (South Kolkata), 3. CSTC – another bus service connecting Shyamnagar to Digha (From Habra Bus Depot).


Ferry

Regular ferry services are available on river hooghly from Shyamnagar to Telenipara at Amit Nagar (Bhadreshwar, Chandanagore) at a regular interval of 15 minutes.


Education

Shyamnagar's education landscape has traditionally been dominated by schools run by the state government, although lately private schools have been established to cater the needs of its dynamic populace. The schools mainly use
Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
or
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...
as the
medium of instruction A medium of instruction (plural: media of instruction, or mediums of instruction) is a language used in teaching. It may or may not be the official language of the country or territory. If the first language of students is different from the offic ...
, although
Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
is also used at places. The schools are affiliated with one of the following affiliating bodies —
West Bengal Board of Secondary Education The West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) is the West Bengal state government administered autonomous examining authority for the Standard 10 examination (or secondary school level examination) of West Bengal, India Indi ...
, the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), and the National Institute of Open School (NIOS). Under the
10+2+3 plan 1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sp ...
, after completing their secondary education, students typically enroll in a 2-year
junior college A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, a ...
(also known as a pre-university) or in schools with a higher secondary facility affiliated to
West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education The West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education (WBCHSE) is an Indian examining authority (School Educational Board), which is responsible for conducting examinations for standard XII for both government and private schools affiliated to ...
, ICSE or CBSE. Students usually choose from one of the three streams — arts,
commerce Commerce is the organized Complex system, system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered large-scale exchange (distribution through Financial transaction, transactiona ...
, or
science Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. Modern science is typically divided into twoor threemajor branches: the natural sciences, which stu ...
, though vocational streams are also available. Upon completing the required coursework and passing approved examinations conducted by the respective affiliating boards, students achieve eligibility to pursue general or professional undergraduate degree education in colleges throughout India. List of some Reputed Schools in Shyamnagar: # St. Augustine's Day School (Shyamnagar) # Morning Bells Academy (High School) # Authpur National Model H.S School # Shyamnagar Kanti Chandra High School # Mulajore Sitanath Pathsala # Shyamnagar Balika Vidyalaya (HS) # Authpur High (H/S) School at Authpur 1 kilometre away from Shyamnagar. This school was inaugurated by Ishwar Chandara Vidyasagar. Oldest school in Authpur-Shyamnagar locality. # Authpur Balika Vidyalaya (HS), Authpur # Shyamnagar Rishi Aurobindo Vidyaniketan (Boys) # Shyamnagar Rishi Aurobindo Balika Vidyalaya (Girls) # Jawaharlal Nehru Smrity Vidya Mandir # Mandalpara Vidya Niketan # Mandalpara Girls' High School # Shree Gouri Shanker Jute Mills High School # Swami Vivekananda High school;(vocational education/ civil engineering & Agriculture )x+2 Level # Brahmamayee Vidyamandir # Shantigarh Nivanani Smriti Vidyapith # Harakh Chand Kankaria Jain Vidyalaya # Shyama Chandra H.S School #Gurdah High School


References


External links

* {{Municipalities of West Bengal Neighbourhoods in North 24 Parganas district Neighbourhoods in Kolkata Kolkata Metropolitan Area