Shukrullah Mubarakpuri (1895,1896 - 23 March 1942) was an

Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Associated with India * of or related to India ** Indian people ** Indian diaspora ** Languages of India ** Indian English, a dialect of the English language ** Indian cuisine Associated with indigenous peoples o ...

Sunni Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Mu ...

Islamic scholar. He was a leader and political activist in the

Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed. The first nationalistic ...

Birth and education

Shukrullah Mubarakpuri was born in 1895 or 1896 in Pura Rani, Mubarakpur. His father, originally from Kopaganj had settled in Mubarakpur. Mubarakpuri studied books of Arabic with Muhammad Mahmood Maroofi in Madrasa Ihya al-Ulum in Mubarakpur and later studied rational sciences in a Madrasa based in Laharpur, Sitapur. His teachers in that Madrasa were Hyder Hasan Shah and Fayzullah, from whom he studied ''Sharah Mutala'', ''Tawzeeh Talweeh'', ''Laaiq al-Mubin'' etc. He then studied rational sciences with

Majid Ali Jaunpuri Majid Ali Jaunpuri (also known as Muhaddith Manwi; died 1935) was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar and a rationalist thinker. He was mainly known for his work in the subjects of logic and hadith. He was an alumnus of the Darul Uloom Deoband and ...

in Mendhu,

Aligarh Aligarh (; formerly known as Koil) is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is the administrative headquarters of Aligarh district and lies northwest of state capital Lucknow and approximately southeast of the capital, New Delhi. ...

. He studied the books ''Mirqat'', ''Tehzeeb'', ''Sharah Tehzeeb'' ''Sharah Jaami'', ''Mulla Hasan'', ''Hadya Sadiya'', ''al-Jawahir al-Galiyah'', ''Maybzi'', ''Hamdullah'' and ''Qazi Mubarak'' from

. He then left for the

Darul Uloom Deoband Darul Uloom Deoband is an Islamic university and seminary ( darul uloom) in Deoband, Uttar Pradesh, India, at which the Sunni Deobandi Islamic movement began. Established in 1866 by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, Fazlur Rahman Usmani, Sayy ...

, where he studied under

Anwar Shah Kashmiri Anwar Shah Kashmiri (; 26 November 1875 – 28 May 1933) was an Islamic scholar from Kashmir in the early twentieth century, best known for his expertise in the study of hadith, a strong memory, and a unique approach to interpreting traditions, ...

Shabbir Ahmad Usmani Shabbir Ahmad Usmani (11 October 188713 December 1949) was an Islamic scholar and an activist of the Pakistan Movement, who served as the of Pakistan in 1949. He was the first to demand that Pakistan become an Islamic state. He was a religio ...

, Mian Syed Asghar Hussain Deobandi and

Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad (also known as Muhammad Ahmad Nanautawi) (1862–1928) was an Indian Muslim scholar, who served as the vice chancellor of the Darul Uloom Deoband for thirty five years. He was the Grand Mufti of the Hyderabad State from 1922 ...

. He graduated in 1336 AH.

Career

Hakeem Elahi Bakhsh appointed Shukrullah Mubarakpuri as Chancellor of the Madrasa Ihya al-Ulum, Mubarakpur in 1918 (1336 AH). Shukrullah Mubarakpuri participated in the

Khilafat Movement The Khilafat movement (1919–22) was a political campaign launched by Indian Muslims in British India over British policy against Turkey and the planned dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire after World War I by Allied forces. Leaders particip ...

and was also jailed for six months in 1923 for his

Satyagraha Satyāgraha (from ; ''satya'': "truth", ''āgraha'': "insistence" or "holding firmly to"), or "holding firmly to truth",' or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone who practises satyagraha is ...

activities against British colonialism. He supervised the construction of Jama Mosque in Mubarakpur. Its foundation was laid on 1 June 1940. He also supervised the construction of the Eidgah, which was completed by 1357 AH. He mostly taught books on rational sciences. He was known for debates with

Shias Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood to ...

and

Barelvi The Barelvi movement, also known as Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah (People of the Prophet's Way and the Community) is a Sunni revivalist movement that generally adheres to the Hanafi school, Hanafi and Shafi'i school, Shafi'i schools of jurisprudenc ...

s. He was also a Mufti. His rulings, if collected would fill volumes.

Students

His students include: * Athar Mubarakpuri, Islamic author and historian. *

Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi Nizāmuddīn Asīr Adrawi (also known as Asīr Adrawi; 1926 – 20 May 2021) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar, biographer, historian and author in the Urdu language. He established the Madrassa Darus Salam in Adari and served as the Officer ...

, Islamic author and scholar. *Nizamuddin Azmi, former Grand Mufti

. *Abdul Jabbar Maroofi, former Shaykh al-Hadith Jamia Qasmia Madrasa Shahi, Moradabad. *Abdul Bari Azmi, former chancellor Madrasa Ehya al-Ulum, Mubarakpur. *Abdus Sattar Maroofi, former Shaykh al-Hadith Nadwatul Ulama, Lucknow.

Death

Mubarakpuri died on 23 March 1942 (5

Rabi' al-awwal Rabiʽ al-Awwal (, also known as Rabi' al-Ula (), or Rabi' I) is the third month of the Islamic calendar. The name ''Rabī‘ al-awwal'' means "''the first month'' or ''beginning of Spring (season), spring''", referring to its position in the ...

1361 AH) at the time of Duhaprayer (optional prayer in the morning, also known as Chasht in Urdu).

References

{{reflist * * * * Deobandis 1895 births 1942 deaths Indian Islamic religious leaders People from Azamgarh district Darul Uloom Deoband alumni Muslim scholars