Shi Bing (石冰) (died May 304 ) was a rebel of the

Jin dynasty (266–420) The Jin dynasty or Jin Empire, sometimes distinguished as the or the , was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty in China that existed from 266 to 420. It was founded by Emperor Wu of Jin, Sima Yan, eldest son of Sima Zhao, who had previou ...

. He followed the

Man A man is an adult male human. Before adulthood, a male child or adolescent is referred to as a boy. Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromosome from the f ...

official, Zhang Chang when he rebelled in 303 and captured

Yang province Yangzhou, Yangchow or Yang Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China mentioned in historical texts such as the ''Yu Gong, Tribute of Yu'', ''Erya'' and ''Rites of Zhou''. Name There are four different theories regarding the origi ...

. He held on to the province after the main force under Zhang Chang were routed, but in 304, he was defeated by Jin forces led by Chen Min and the

Jiangnan Jiangnan is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of its delta. The region encompasses the city of Shanghai, the southern part of Jiangsu ...

gentry before being assassinated.

Life

Shi Bing was a follower of the

official, Zhang Chang when he rebelled in 303 at

Jiangxia Commandery Jiangxia Commandery ( zh, 江夏郡) was a Chinese commandery that existed from Han dynasty to Tang dynasty. Its territories were located in present-day eastern Hubei province. History Jiangxia Commandery was established during the reign of Emper ...

Jing province Jingzhou or Jing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China referenced in early Chinese texts such as the ''Yu Gong, Tribute of Yu'', ''Erya'', and ''Rites of Zhou''. Jingzhou became an administrative division during the reign of E ...

. During the rebellion, Zhang Chang sent Shi Bing with an army to invade Jiang and Yang provinces in the east. Shi Bing defeated the Inspector of Yang, Chen Hui (陳徽) and captured the commanderies in the province. Zhang Chang then ordered Shi Bing to appoint his own administrators and magistrates at various places. Shi Bing then attacked and conquered Jiang province as the local populace were forced into submission out of fear of the rebels' strength. Afterwards, he sent his generals Chen Zhen (陳貞), Chen Lan (陳蘭) and Zhang Fu (張甫) to attack

Wuling Wuling may refer to: People * Xu Wuling (许武岭, born 14 September 1971), professional rower * Yu Wuling (于武陵, born 810), poet * Zhang Wuling (张武龄, 1889-1938), educator * King Wuling of Zhao (趙武靈王, 340-295 BCE), ruler of ...

, Lingling (零陵郡; around present-day

Yongzhou Yongzhou () is a prefecture-level city in the south of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, located on the southern bank of the Xiang River, which is formed by the confluence of the Xiao River, Xiao and Xiang Rivers, and bordering Guang ...

, Hunan), Yuzhang (豫章郡; around present-day

Nanchang Nanchang is the capital of Jiangxi, China. Located in the north-central part of the province and in the hinterland of Poyang Lake Plain, it is bounded on the west by the Jiuling Mountains, and on the east by Poyang Lake. Because of its strate ...

, Jiangxi),

Wuchang Wuchang is one of 13 urban District (China), districts of the prefecture-level city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province, China. It is the oldest of the three cities that merged into modern-day Wuhan, and stood on the right (southea ...

, and

Changsha Changsha is the capital of Hunan, China. It is the 15th most populous city in China with a population of 10,513,100, the Central China#Cities with urban area over one million in population, third-most populous city in Central China, and the ...

, and these commanderies all fell to the rebels. A man from Linhuai, Feng Yun (封雲), also rebelled and invaded Xu province in support of Shi Bing. Despite Zhang Chang's forces spreading across five provinces, his rebellion quickly lost support as the governors and administrators he appointed all continued plundering their counties and commanderies. Soon, Zhang Chang was defeated and forced into hiding by Jin forces led by

Tao Kan Tao Kan () (259 – 30 July 334), courtesy name Shixing (), formally Duke Huan of Changsha (), was a Chinese military general and politician during the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty. He was the great-grandfather of the Jin Dynasty poet Tao ...

and others, but Shi Bing maintained his power in Yang province. In 304, living under Shi Bing's occupation, the Jin officials,

Zhou Qi Zhou Qi ( zh, t=周琦, s=周琦, p=Zhōu Qí ; born 16 January 1996) is a Chinese professional basketball player for the Beijing Ducks of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). He has been a regular member of the China men's national bask ...

and Wang Ju (王矩), raised their armies against him. They proclaimed the Prefect of Wuxing, Gu Mi (顧秘) to lead them as Chief Controller of Nine Commanderies in Yang province, and were joined by members of the Jiangnan gentry clans such as He Xun, Hua Tan, Gan Zhuo and

Ge Hong Ge Hong (; b. 283 – d. 343 or 364), courtesy name Zhichuan (稚川), was a Chinese linguist, philosopher, physician, politician, and writer during the Eastern Jin dynasty. He was the author of '' Essays on Chinese Characters'', the '' Baopu ...

. Shi Bing sent his subordinate, Qiang Du (羌毒), to attack them, but he was routed. Shi Bing decided to move from Linhuai to launch a surprise attack on Shochun, which was occupied by the Jin general, Liu Zhun (劉準). Liu Zhun was frightened when he heard that Shi Bing was coming, but the Logistical Director of Guangling, Chen Min offered himself to defeat the rebels. Shi Bing fought dozens of battles against Chen Min, but despite outnumbering him ten to one, he was defeated in each bout. Both Zhou Qi and Chen Min's forces converged onto Shi Bing at the city of Jianye. After months of siege, Shi Bing fled north to join Feng Yun in Xu province. However, when Chen Min attacked them, a subordinate of Feng Yun, Zhang Tong (張統) assassinated the two men and surrendered to Jin, thus bringing Zhang Chang's rebellion to an end.(三月，冰北走，投封雲，雲司馬張統斬冰及雲以降，揚、徐二州平。) ''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol.85

References

* Fang, Xuanling (ed.) (648). ''

Book of Jin The ''Book of Jin'' is an official Chinese historical text covering the history of the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty from 266 to 420. It was compiled in 648 by a number of officials commissioned by the imperial court of the Tang dynasty, ...

'' (''Jin Shu''). * Sima, Guang (1084). ''

Zizhi Tongjian The ''Zizhi Tongjian'' (1084) is a chronicle published during the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) that provides a record of Chinese history from 403 BC to 959 AD, covering 16 dynasties and spanning almost 1400 years. The main text is ...

''. {{DEFAULTSORT:Shi, Bing 304 deaths Jin dynasty (266–420) rebels