Shemirān (, ) is the capital of

Shemiranat County Shemiranat County () is in Tehran province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwes ...

Tehran Province Tehran province () is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Tehran. Tehran province covers an area of and is located to the north of the central plateau of Iran. It was made a part of the First Region with its secretar ...

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

, but is actually located just north of the borders of

Tehran County Tehran County () is in Tehran province of Iran. Its capital is the city of Tehran Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran Count ...

along Chamran Expressway and Sadr Expressway and it is the northernmost district of the city of

Tehran Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9. ...

. Shemiran lies in the slopes of

Alborz The Alborz ( ) range, also spelled as Alburz, Elburz or Elborz, is a mountain range in northern Iran that stretches from the border of Azerbaijan along the western and entire southern coast of the Caspian Sea and finally runs northeast and merge ...

Mountain and enjoys a suitable mild climate. It has fine and well-kept parks and is home to the richest class of

ian society. Most of the foreign embassies and the Tehran International Fair are situated in Shemiran. It is also where Imam Zadeh Saleh is, and where the former home of

Ruhollah Khomeini Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini (17 May 1900 or 24 September 19023 June 1989) was an Iranian revolutionary, politician, political theorist, and religious leader. He was the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the main leader of the Iranian ...

was located. Among the neighborhoods of Shemiran are: Darakeh, Darband, Jamaran, and Niavaran on the far north, as well as Zafaraniyeh, Elahiyeh, Velenjak, Gheytarieh, Farmanieh and Kamranieh.

Etymology

The word ''Shemiran'' or ''Shemran'' derives from the Assyrian language word ''Chamran'', which derives in turn from the name of the mythological Queen '' Shamiram'' who conquered the region . phoneme, i.e. was replaced by ) consisted of two parts: "cham" (meaning "cold" in

Avestan Avestan ( ) is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. It belongs to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family and was First language, originally spoken during the Avestan period, Old ...

; "zama" or "zem") + "ran" (meaning "slope"). In fact "shemran" means "the cold place" or "the cold slope". It is common in the

Iranian languages The Iranian languages, also called the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau. The Iranian langu ...

that the letter "z" () changes to letter "ch" (), For example in Persian the word "ruz" or "rooz" (day), from

Middle Persian Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg ( Inscriptional Pahlavi script: , Manichaean script: , Avestan script: ) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasania ...

"roch", is still "roch" in

Balochi language Balochi (, romanized: ) is a Northwestern Iranian language, spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. In addition, there are speakers in Oman, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Turkmenistan, East Afr ...

and "roj" in Kurdish. Another example is the word "zemestan" (winter) consisted of two parts: "zem" (cold) + "estan" or "istan" (being, or existence), which sometimes can be seen in

Persian Literature Persian literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures. It spans over two-and-a-half millennia. Its sources have been within Greater Iran including present-day ...

and common usage as "chamestan" or "chemestan".

Language

The language spoken from the center of Oshan to Jeiroud and

Tajrish Tajrish (, ) is a neighbourhood of Tehran, capital of Iran. Administratively it is in Shemiranat County, Tehran province and serves as the capital of the county. At one time a village, it was later absorbed into the city of Tehran. The Tajri ...

in the south is a kind of Perso-Tabari and has the features of Caspian languages. In far years the natives of Tehran who lived in area of Vanak and Shemiran had knowledge of Mazandarani language because of being bordered by the

Mazandaran Province Mazandaran Province (; ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Sari. Located along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea and in the adjacent Central Alborz mountain range and Hyrcanian forests, it is bordered clockw ...

. Russian orientalist and linguist Valentin Zhukovski on a trip to Iran in the late 19th century got to know the Tajrishi dialect, a dialect that is similar to Mazandarani language and mentions it in his works. Until today there are people in areas of Doulab,

Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine The Shāh Abdol-Azīm Shrine (; ) is a Twelver Twelver Shi'ite funerary monument and religious complex, located in Rey, in the province of Tehran, Iran. The complex contains the tomb of ‘Abdul ‘Adhīm ibn ‘Abdillāh al-Hasanī (aka Sh ...

and others who speak with the Shemirani accent which is a modified version of Mazandarani language.

Climate

The annual temperature of Shemiran in Saadabad meteorological station according to the statistics of 20 years (1975-1995) is 12.9 degrees Celsius. The average rainfall of Shemiran from 1988 to 2007 was 435.8 mm. The highest recorded temperature from 1988 to 2007 was +39.8 degrees Celsius. The number of days with snowfall in Shemiran is 24 days per year.

Neighborhoods

* Darabad * Ajoudanieh * Aghdasieh * Farmanieh * Kamranieh * Niavaran * Jamaran *

* Darband * Zafaraniyeh * Mahmoodieh * Zana * Elahieh * Gheytarieh * Velenjak * Darakeh * Evin * Gholhak * Ekhtiarieh * Ozgol * darrous

Education

The Pietro Della Valle Italian School, an Italian international school, is in the Farmanieh district.Contacts

. Pietro Della Valle Italian School. Retrieved on October 18, 2015. "“Pietro della Valle” Italian School of Tehran Farmanieh, Lavassani Ave. n. 47 – 19546 Tehran (Iran) "

Notes

References

{{Tehran Province Shemiranat County Neighbourhoods in Tehran