Cheeloo University (, alternatively known as "Shantung Christian College") was a university in China, established by Hunter Corbett American Presbyterian, and other English Baptist, Anglican, and Canadian Presbyterian mission agencies in early 1900 in China.

History

In 1864, the Yi Wen School Boys' School at Tengchow was established by Hunter Corbett, Presbyterian missionary to

Yantai Yantai, formerly known as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in northeastern Shandong province of the People's Republic of China. Lying on the southern coast of the Bohai Strait, Yantai borders Qingdao ...

, Shandong, China. In 1882, Calvin Wilson Mateer, an American Presbyterian, converted the Tengchow Boys' School into Tengchow College in Dengzhou (part of Penglai),

Shandong Shandong is a coastal Provinces of China, province in East China. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilization along the lower reaches of the Yellow River. It has served as a pivotal cultural ...

, China. In 1884, British Baptists established Tsingchow Boys' Boarding School, a theological college, in

Qingzhou Qingzhou () Wade–Giles: Tsing-chou, sometimes written as Ching-chow-fu, formerly Yidu County (Yitu) (), is a county-level city, which is located in the west of the prefecture-level city of Weifang, in the central part of Shandong Province, Chin ...

, Shandong, China. By 1902, the American Presbyterians and English Baptists agreed to combine their schools in Shandong, forming an arts college in Wei County (Weixian, now part of

Weifang Weifang ( zh, s=潍坊, t=濰坊, p=Wéifāng) is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, People's Republic of China. The city borders Dongying to the northwest, Zibo to the west, Linyi to the southwest, Rizhao to the south, Qingdao ...

), a theological college at Qingzhoufu (part of

Zibo Zibo () is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province of China, province, China. It borders the provincial capital Jinan to the west, Tai'an to the southwest, Linyi to the south, Weifang to the east, Dongying to the northeast, and Bi ...

), and a medical college, in

Jinan Jinan is the capital of the province of Shandong in East China. With a population of 9.2 million, it is one of the largest cities in Shandong in terms of population. The area of present-day Jinan has played an important role in the history of ...

. The campus in Wei County was known as the "Courtyard of the Happy Way" () and was later used by the Japanese military as an

internment camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without Criminal charge, charges or Indictment, intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects ...

for civilians during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. In 1909, the colleges were consolidated as Shantung Protestant University (later changed to Shantung Christian University) in Jinan. The campus was designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Perkins, Fellows and Hamilton. The main buildings were Bergen Science Hall for Chemistry and Biology; Mateer Science Hall for Physics and Physiology, McCormick Hall for administration, and the Kumler Memorial Chapel in the center. Construction began on Cheeloo Hospital of Shantung Christian University in 1914. It was completed in 1936. From 1916 to 1923, the former Peking Union Medical College, the Medical Department of Nanking University, the Hankow Medical College, and the North China Union Medical College for Women were all moved to Jinan. These departments were combined to form the co-educational Cheeloo University School of Medicine following the suggestion of the Dean of the Medical School at the time, Samuel Cochran. Dormitories and classes would first be opened to women in 1923. Eliza Ellen Leonard resigned as the first Dean of women in 1924 due to illness and died in the same year. During the

Second Sino-Japanese War The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931. It is considered part ...

from 1938 to 1945, the university joined five other universities to form

West China Union University The West China Union University ( zh, t=華西協合大學), alternatively known as West China University or Huaxi University, was a private Christian university in Chengdu, Sichuan, western China. It was the product of the collective efforts of ...

. The university was dissolved in 1952 with the establishment of Communist rule. The College of Medicine was merged with the Shantung Provincial Medical College and the resulting Shandong Medical College occupied the entire campus. The College of Science was merged with the new National University in

Nanjing Nanjing or Nanking is the capital of Jiangsu, a province in East China. The city, which is located in the southwestern corner of the province, has 11 districts, an administrative area of , and a population of 9,423,400. Situated in the Yang ...

while the College of Theology joined Nanking Theological Seminary. The College of Humanities was merged with

Shandong University Shandong University (; SDU) is a public university in Jinan, Shandong, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education (China), Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Clas ...

Support

During its existence, Cheeloo University received support from various sponsoring and cooperating organizations:Cheeloo University - Ricci Roundtable
Sponsoring organizations: *American Presbyterian Missions, North () *English Baptist Missionary Society () *Church Missionary Society, England () *Canadian Presbyterian Mission (), later merged into United Church of Canada () *Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the United Church of Canada () *

Woman's Foreign Missionary Society Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (acronym WFMS of the MEC) was one of three Methodism, Methodist organizations in the United States focused on women's foreign missionary services; the two others were the WFMS of ...

of the Methodist Episcopal Church () *American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions () *Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts () Cooperating organizations: *English Presbyterian Mission () * Harvard-Yenching Institute () *

Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropic medical research and arts funding organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The foundation was created by Standard Oil magnate John D. Rockefeller (" ...

() *Salt Merchants of Jinan ()

Presidents

* Paul D. Bergen (, 1904–1915) * J. Percy Bruce (, 1916–1920) * Harold Balme (, 1921–1927) * Li Tianlu (李天祿, 1927–1929) * Zhū Jīngnóng　(朱經農, 1931–1933) * Liú Shūmíng (刘書銘, 1935–1943) * Edgar Chi-ho Tang (湯吉禾, 1943–1945)　 * Wú Kèmíng (吴克銘, 1945–1949) * David Yang (楊德齋, 1949–1952)

Notable alumni and faculty

* Edgar Tang, university president * B.A. Garside, professor of education *

Lao She Shu Qingchun (3 February 189924 August 1966), known by his pen name Lao She, was a Chinese writer of Manchu ethnicity, known for his vivid portrayal of urban life and his colorful use of the Beijing dialect, such as in the novel '' Rickshaw Boy' ...

(Chinese: 老舍; pinyin: Lǎo Shě), * Lan-Hua Liu, dean of women in 1930s * Henry Winters Luce, father of

Henry R. Luce Henry Robinson Luce (April 3, 1898 – February 28, 1967) was an American magazine magnate who founded ''Time'', ''Life'', ''Fortune'', and ''Sports Illustrated'' magazines. He has been called "the most influential private citizen in the Ameri ...

* Helena Rosa Wright, pioneer in birth control and family planning * Ernest Black Struthers, Professor and Dean of the Faculty of Medicine

References

External links