Shakarim Qudaiberdiuly (, , – 2 October 1931) was a Kazakh poet,

Hanafi The Hanafi school or Hanafism is the oldest and largest Madhhab, school of Islamic jurisprudence out of the four schools within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the Faqīh, jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa (), who systemised the ...

Maturidi Maturidism () is a school of theology in Sunni Islam named after Abu Mansur al-Maturidi. It is one of the three creeds of Sunni Islam alongside Ash'arism and Atharism, and prevails in the Hanafi school of jurisprudence. Al-Maturidi codified a ...

theologian philosopher, historian, translator, and composer. He was a disciple and

nephew In the lineal kinship system used in the English-speaking world, a niece or nephew is a child of an individual's sibling or sibling-in-law. A niece is female and a nephew is male, and they would call their parents' siblings aunt or uncle ...

Abai Qunanbaiuly Abai Qūnanbaiūly () was a Kazakh poet, composer and Hanafi Maturidi theologian philosopher. He was also a cultural reformer toward European and Russian cultures on the basis of enlightened Islam. Early life and education Abai was born in K ...

Biography

Hailing from the Tobyqty clan of the Arghyn tribe, Shakarim worked as a politician and was elected as a volostnoy ruler. He only started writing literature in the year 1898, at the age of 40. and researched Eastern literature and such poets and philosophers like

Hafez (), known by his pen name Hafez ( or 'the keeper'; 1325–1390) or Hafiz, “Ḥāfeẓ” designates someoone who has learned the Qurʾān by heart" also known by his nickname Lisan al-Ghaib ('the tongue of the unseen'), was a Persian lyri ...

, Fuzuli,

Ali-Shir Nava'i 'Ali-Shir Nava'i (9 February 1441 – 3 January 1501), also known as Nizām-al-Din ʿAli-Shir Herawī ( Chagatai: نظام الدین علی شیر نوایی, ) was a Timurid poet, writer, statesman, linguist, Hanafi Maturidi mystic and ...

, and the works of

Alexander Pushkin Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin () was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era.Basker, Michael. Pushkin and Romanticism. In Ferber, Michael, ed., ''A Companion to European Romanticism''. Oxford: Blackwell, 2005. He is consid ...

and

Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy Tolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; ,Throughout Tolstoy's whole life, his name was written as using Reforms of Russian orthography#The post-revolution re ...

. His translation of the Hafiz and

Pushkin Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin () was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era.Basker, Michael. Pushkin and Romanticism. In Ferber, Michael, ed., ''A Companion to European Romanticism''. Oxford: Blackwell, 2005. He is conside ...

's " Dubrovsky" remain notable. Shakarim was completely fluent in

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

, Turkish and Russian. In 1903, he was accepted as a member of the West Siberian branch of the Russian Imperial Geographical Society. In 1906, he has performed

Hajj Hajj (; ; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for capable Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetim ...

(with Qanapiya-qajy, grandfather of Bakhytzhan Kanapyanov). Having visited Egypt, Istanbul, he worked in libraries and sent all his books to Semipalatinsk (now

Semey Semey (; , formerly known as Semipalatinsk ( ) until 2007 and as Alash-Qala ( ) from 1917 to 1920, is a city in eastern Kazakhstan, in the Kazakh part of Siberia. When Abai Region was created in 2022, Semey became its administrative centre. I ...

) by mail. His later years fell on a politically unstable period. During this time, he was a member of the Alash national movement. Shakarim was a critic of

socialism Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes ...

and having been informed on the changes to be implemented on the Kazakh lifestyle, he famously asked "For the sake of what, in the name of what and for what purpose to destroy, and what in return?". Having opposed the reforms, he decided to live in seclusion. From 1922, he resided in the mountains of

Chingiztau Chingiztau () is a mountain range in Abai Region, Kazakhstan.''Kazakhstan National Encyclopedia'' / Ch. ed. B.O. Jakyp. — Almaty: « Kazakh encyclopedia» ZhSS, 2011. ISBN 9965-893-64-0 (T.Z.), ISBN 9965-893-19-5 The nearest city is Ayagoz, lo ...

. On 2 October 1931, Shakarim was sentenced to death by shooting without any trial. Despite the commands of the Prosecutor General's Office stating his innocence, Shakarim's works have remained banned until the 1980s. The works published by Shakarim himself include the book "The Kazakh Mirror" (), the poem "Qalqaman-mamyr" and "Enlik-Kebek", individual poems, articles and essays were published from 1913 to 1924 in the magazines "Abay", "Aykap", "Sholpan", the newspapers "Kazakh", "Abay" and "Sholpan" published his translations from

and Fuzuli's poem "

Leyli and Majnun ''Layla and Majnun'' ( "Layla's Mad Lover"; ) is an old story of Arab origin, about the 7th-century Arabian poet Qays ibn al-Mulawwah and his lover Layla bint Mahdi (later known as Layla al-Aamiriya). "The Layla-Majnun theme passed from ...

". Poetic translations of " Dubrovsky" and "

The Blizzard "The Blizzard" (or The Snow Storm) (, ''Metél' '') is the second of five short stories that constitute ''The Belkin Tales'' by Alexander Pushkin. The manuscript for the story was originally completed October 20, 1830. It was intended to be the la ...

" by

were published in 1936 in

Alma-Ata Almaty, formerly Alma-Ata, is the largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population exceeding two million residents within its metropolitan area. Located in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains in southern Kazakhstan, near the border wi ...

(now

Almaty Almaty, formerly Alma-Ata, is the List of most populous cities in Kazakhstan, largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population exceeding two million residents within its metropolitan area. Located in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains ...

) in the journal "Adebiet Maidana". Bakhytzhan Kanapyanov translated his works to Russian in 1989.

Remembrance

* The Shakarim University in

is named after Shakarim * During the commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the poet, 2008 was declared the "Year of Shakarim" in Kazakhstan. * In the central park of the city

there is a statue of Shakarim Qudaiberdiuly done by sculptor Shot-Aman Ualikhan. * In 2008 a

postcard A postcard or post card is a piece of thick paper or thin cardboard, typically rectangular, intended for writing and mailing without an envelope. Non-rectangular shapes may also be used but are rare. In some places, one can send a postcard f ...

was made in memory of Shakarim.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Qudayberdiuli, Shakarim Kazakhstani poets Kazakh writers from the Russian Empire 19th-century philosophers from the Russian Empire Kazakh-language writers 1858 births 1931 deaths Kazakhstani people executed by the Soviet Union Soviet poets Hanafis Maturidis Muslims from the Russian Empire