Shahnshah Zakarian

Shahnshah Zakarian ( ka, შანშე მხარგრძელი; ) was a member of the Armenian Zakarid dynasty, and a Court official of the Kingdom of Georgia, holding the office of ''amirspasalar'' (Commander-in-Chief) of the Georgian army. He was the son of Zakare II Zakarian, and the father of Zakare III Zakarian, who participated to the Siege of Baghdad in 1258.

Biography

He was born in 1197, he was the son of Zakare II Zakarian. He was 5 years old when his father died and was raised by his uncle Atabeg Ivane, who converted him to the Chalcedonian faith.

His baptismal name was Sargis, then Ani's title Shahnshah (Shahanshah) became his name (both Ani and this title were inherited from his father).

Shahnshah Zakarian, while Governor of Ani, was active in the construction of monasteries and church. The Church of Saint Elia, Kizkale in Ani, was dedicated in his name 1212-1213. The church of St Gregory of Tigran Honents was dedicated by an Armenian merchant under his rule, in 1215.

Rubroek, envoy extraordinary of King Louis IX of France to the Khan of Mongol Empire, stayed in 1255 with Shahnshah on one of his Armenian estates. Rubroek characterizes Shahnshah as a great feudal lord and owner of 15 cities.

During Mongol invasion of Georgia in 1238-39 Queen Rusudan had to evacuate Tbilisi for Kutaisi, leaving eastern Georgia in the hands of atabeg Avag Zakarian, Shahnshah Zakarian, and Kakhetian lord, Egarslan Bakurtsikheli. The Mongol general Toghta was sent by Chaghatai to assault Avag's troops at the fortress of Kayan. After some resistance, Avag surrendered, and has to agree to pay tribute to the Mongols, and to provide let his troops join the Mongol army. The combined troops went on to Ani, the Armenian capital defended by Shahnshah Zakarian, but the city was eventually captured and destroyed. Following this disastrous campaign of 1238-1239, the Armenians and Georgians made peace with the Mongols and agreed to pay them tribute and supply their troops ( Georgian–Mongolian treaty of 1239).

In 1259-1260, Shahnshah Zakarian participated to the Mongold-led Siege of Mayyāfāriqīn, together with the Armenian Prince Prosh Khaghbakian and Avag.

In 1261, Zakare, the son of Shahnshah, was executed by the Mongols, while Shahnshah was freed for a ransom. He died later that year, overcome with grief from the execution of his son, and was buried in the Kobayr Monastery.

He built the belltower and the mausoleum in the center of the monastery at Kobayr Monastery.

File:Kobayr_Monastery_09.jpg, The belltower of Kobayr Monastery, where the tomb of Shahnshah Zakarian is located.
File:Shahnshah's Queen, Shahnshah and kindred in military uniform as donators, Kobayr Monastery Chapel-Aisle.jpg, Probable mural of Shahnshah Zakarian (middle) and his wife Vaneni (left) as donators, with a kindred in military uniform (right), Kobayr monastery Chapel, or "Aisle".

Family

His wife was called Vaneni. Shahnshah's children's were:
*Artashir
* Zakare III, ''Amirspasalar'' of Georgia.
* Avag-Sargis III, ''Mandaturtukhutsesi'' and ''Amirspasalar'' of Georgia.
* Ivane II, ''Mandaturtukhutsesi'' of Georgia.
*Zakarian
*Aghbugha
*Beri George, monk builder of Kobayr Monastery

References

{{Tamar the Great

Nobility of Georgia (country)
House of Mkhargrdzeli
13th-century people from Georgia (country)
1250 deaths
1197 births