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Shade is the blocking of sunlight (in particular direct sunshine) by any object, and also the shadow created by that object. Shade also consists of the colors grey, black, white, etc. It may refer to blocking of sunlight by a
In
"Ethylene- and shade-induced hypocotyl elongation share transcriptome patterns and functional regulators"
"Plant Physiology",21-06-2016
Shade is the blocking of sunlight (in particular direct sunshine) by any object, and also the shadow created by that object. Shade also consists of the colors grey, black, white, etc. It may refer to blocking of sunlight by a roof
A roof ( : roofs or rooves) is the top covering of a building, including all materials and constructions necessary to support it on the walls of the building or on uprights, providing protection against rain, snow, sunlight, extremes of temp ...
, a tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
, an umbrella
An umbrella or parasol is a folding canopy supported by wooden or metal ribs that is usually mounted on a wooden, metal, or plastic pole. It is designed to protect a person against rain or sunlight. The term ''umbrella'' is traditionally u ...
, a window shade or blind, curtains, or other objects.
As a resource
In temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...
and tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in
the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...
zones (most places on Earth), shade is an important issue in providing cooling and shelter from harmful heat and ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength from 10 nm (with a corresponding frequency around 30 PHz) to 400 nm (750 THz), shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays. UV radiati ...
emitted by the Sun.
Plants
Green plants produce shade by absorbing sunlight to invest as energy inphotosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this chemical energy is stored i ...
to produce sugar. They also actively transpire, producing an additional cooling effect.
In gardening terms, there are various types of shade:
*Full sun – more than five hours of direct sun per day.
*Part shade – two to five hours of direct sun, or all-day ' (sunlight shining through open trees).
*Full shade – less than two hours of direct sun per day...
Under a dense forest canopy
Canopy may refer to:
Plants
* Canopy (biology), aboveground portion of plant community or crop (including forests)
* Canopy (grape), aboveground portion of grapes
Religion and ceremonies
* Baldachin or canopy of state, typically placed over an ...
, light intensity can be very low. Special adaptations produce the shade tolerance
In ecology, shade tolerance is a plant's ability to tolerate low light levels. The term is also used in horticulture and landscaping, although in this context its use is sometimes imprecise, especially in labeling of plants for sale in commercial ...
that allows plants to survive in the understory
In forestry and ecology, understory (American English), or understorey (Commonwealth English
The use of the English language in current and former member countries of the Commonwealth of Nations was largely inherited from British co ...
.
In addition, shade within a canopy can elicit shade avoidance responses whereby plants elongate their shoot
In botany, a plant shoot consists of any plant stem together with its appendages, leaves and lateral buds, flowering stems, and flower buds. The new growth from seed germination that grows upward is a shoot where leaves will develop. In the sp ...
s in order to reach light for optimal photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this chemical energy is stored i ...
.Debatosh Da"Ethylene- and shade-induced hypocotyl elongation share transcriptome patterns and functional regulators"
"Plant Physiology",21-06-2016
See also
*Shade tree
A shade tree is a large tree whose primary role is to provide shade in the surrounding environment due to its spreading canopy and crown, where it may give shelter from sunlight in the heat of the summer for people who seek recreational needs ...
, a large tree that provides shade
References
{{Reflist Light Shading