Sexual Minorities Uganda

Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG) is an umbrella non-governmental organization based in Kampala, Uganda.

In August 2022 SMUG was ordered by the Ugandan government to immediately shut down.

Organisation

Founders included Victor Mukasa and Sylvia Tamale. Executive director Frank Mugisha and deputy director Pepe Julian Onziema both took office in 2007. Advocacy officer David Kato was the advocacy and litigation officer until his murder in January 2011. SMUG advocates for the protection and promotion of human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) Ugandans.

A network composed of several member organizations was founded in 2004:
* Icebreakers Uganda, concerned with LGBT research and youth issues.
* Freedom & Roam Uganda, dedicated to the rights of lesbian, transgender, and intersex women
* Spectrum Uganda, focused on the health and well-being of LGBT people in Uganda (co-founded by John "Longjones" Abdallah Wambere)
*Transgender Initiative Uganda addresses transgender issues.

History

Victor Mukasa, a trans man activist, founded Sexual Minorities Uganda on 3 March 2004 in Kampala at the Kaival restaurant and Internet cafe. The earliest members included Val Kalende. Kamuhangire.E and David Kato, who were among the first board members. Members of SMUG achieved controversy through their activism and legal troubles for much of the organization's history, and the profile of the organization in the later-2000s due to the rise of homophobic populism in the country and the introduction of the Uganda Anti-Homosexuality Bill in the Parliament by David Bahati.

The Ugandan newspaper ''Rolling Stone'', a publication unrelated to the American magazine of the same name, which rejected the Ugandan paper and called its actions as "horrific", published a gallery of "100 Pictures of Uganda's Top Homos Leak" and stated "Hang Them"."Gays in Uganda say they're living in fear"
Godfrey Olukya & Jason Straziuso, ''NBC News'', Associated Press"Ugandan paper calls for gay people to be hanged"
Xan Rice, guardian.co.uk, 21 October 2010 In response, four members of SMUG whose faces appeared in the magazine, David Kato Kisule, Kasha Nabagesera, Nabirye Mariam, and Pepe Julian Onziema "Patience", filed a petition with the High Court seeking to force the paper to cease distribution of the article. The court granted the petition on 2 November 2010, effectively ending the publication of Ugandan ''Rolling Stone''."Uganda court orders anti-gay paper to shut"
Reuters, 2 November 2010"Judge orders Ugandan paper to stop publishing 'gay lists'"
''CNN International'', 2 November 2010

On 26 January 2011, Kato, whose picture had been featured on the cover of the issue of ''Rolling Stone'' in question, was assaulted in his home in Mukono Town by his acquaintance Sidney Nsubuga Enoch, 22, who hit him twice in the head with a hammer found in Kato's bathroom before fleeing on foot. The apparent motive was a disagreement about sexual services and robbery. Kato died en route to the Kawolo Hospital. The murder was decried by Human Rights Watch and senior Africa researcher Maria Burnett said that "David Kato's death is a tragic loss to the human rights community".

On 15 September 2011, SMUG's executive director Frank Mugisha was named the recipient of the annual Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award for his activism. Mugisha also received the Rafto Prize for Human Rights on behalf of SMUG on 6 September 2011.

In 2012, SMUG and several Ugandans, including Onziema, Mukasa, and Mugisha, together with the Center for Constitutional Rights

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