Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe (biology), tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae. Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are ''Carduus'', ''Cynara'' (containing the ...
within the family
Asteraceae
Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the Order (biology), order Asterales. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchi ...
native to
Eurasia
Eurasia ( , ) is a continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. According to some geographers, Physical geography, physiographically, Eurasia is a single supercontinent. The concept of Europe and Asia as distinct continents d ...
. Plumeless saw-wort is a common name for plants in this genus. ''Serratula'' as traditionally defined contains at least two groups: one of which is basal within the subtribe Centaureinae and one of which is derived; the former group can be moved to the genus ''
Klasea
''Klasea'' is a genus of Eurasian and North African flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae
Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over ...
''.
Various species contain
apigenin
Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), found in many plants, is a flavone compound that is the aglycone of several naturally occurring glycosides. It is a yellow crystalline solid that has been used to dye wool.
Apigenin is abundant in parsl ...
,
luteolin
Luteolin is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, with a yellow crystalline appearance.
Luteolin is the main yellow dye from the '' Reseda luteola'' plant, used for dyeing since at least the first millennium B.C. Luteolin was first isolated in pure f ...
,
quercetin
Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, seeds, and grains; capers, red onions, and kale are common foods containing appreciable amounts of it. It has a bitter flavor ...
, other
flavonoid
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans.
Chemically, flavonoids ...
s and
ecdysteroid
Ecdysteroids are arthropod steroid hormones that are mainly responsible for molting (ecdysis), development and, to a lesser extent, reproduction; examples of ecdysteroids include ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone), turkesterone and 2- ...
Acilepis
''Acilepis'' is a genus of Asian plants in the tribe Vernonieae within the family Asteraceae
Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the Or ...
Carphephorus
''Carphephorus'' is a genus of North American plants in the family Asteraceae. They are native to the southeastern United States from Louisiana to Virginia. Plants of this genus are known commonly as chaffheads.Chronopappus''
* ''
Cirsium
''Cirsium'' is a genus of Perennial plant, perennial and Biennial plant, biennial flowering plants in the Asteraceae, one of several genera known commonly as thistles. They are more precisely known as plume thistles. These differ from other thist ...
''
* ''
Crupina
''Crupina'' is a small genus of plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.
The common crupina '' Crupina vulgaris'' is a notorious noxious weed on several continents. The other species, ''Crupina crupinastrum'', also has the pote ...
Heterocoma
''Heterocoma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
''Heterocoma'' was believed for many years to contain only one species, until 2013, when two new species were described and the three genera ''Bishopalea'', ''Sipolisia'', a ...
Jurinea
''Jurinea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
The species are native to Europe, Asia, and northwestern Africa.Klasea
''Klasea'' is a genus of Eurasian and North African flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae
Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over ...
Liatris
''Liatris'' (), commonly known as gayfeather and blazing star is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae native to North America (Canada, United States, Mexico and the Bahamas). Some species are used ...
Oligochaeta
Oligochaeta () is a subclass of soft-bodied animals in the phylum Annelida, which is made up of many types of aquatic and terrestrial worms, including all of the various earthworms. Specifically, oligochaetes comprise the terrestrial megadril ...
Saussurea
''Saussurea'' is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae, native to cool temperate and arctic regions of East Asia, Europe, and North America, with the highest diversity in alpine habi ...
Synurus
''Synurus'' is a genus of plants in the tribe Cardueae of the family Asteraceae. Species of the genus are found in Asia.
''Synurus'' species have a thick stem up to 1.5 meters tall. They produce large, nodding, spherical pseudanthium, flower he ...
Vernonia
''Vernonia'' is a genus of about 350 species of forbs and shrubs in the family Asteraceae. Some species of this genus are known as ironweeds. Some species are edible and of economic value. They are known for having intense purple flowers. There h ...