Sergei Nikolaevich Rozanov (; September 24, 1869 – August 28, 1937) was a lieutenant general, a leader of the

White movement The White movement,. The old spelling was retained by the Whites to differentiate from the Reds. also known as the Whites, was one of the main factions of the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. It was led mainly by the Right-wing politics, right- ...

.Sergey Rozanov. Library of Siberian Local Lore
/ref>

Biography

Educated at the 3rd Moscow Cadet Corps and the Mikhailovsky Artillery School. Released to the 3rd Reserve Artillery Brigade. Later he served in the 1st Grenadier Artillery Brigade. Second Lieutenant (seniority on August 10, 1889). Lieutenant (seniority on August 7, 1891). Headquarters Captain (seniority on July 28, 1896). In 1897, he graduated from the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff in the first category. From May 6, 1898 – Chief Officer for assignments at the headquarters of the Kiev Military District. He served the census command of the company in the 132nd Infantry Regiment of Bendery (October 25, 1900 – October 25, 1901). From October 25, 1901 – Headquarters Officer for assignments at the headquarters of the Kiev Military District. From September 2, 1903 – Head of the General Staff. Member of the Russian–Japanese War: from October 12, 1904, Senior Adjutant of the Quartermaster General of the 2nd Manchurian Army. From May 1, 1906 – clerk of the Main Directorate of the General Staff. On July 14, 1910, he was appointed commander of the 178th Wenden Infantry Regiment.

World War I

He entered the First World War with the regiment. In September 1914, he was put at the head of the 2nd Brigade of the 45th Infantry Division. From January 19, 1915 – Chief of Staff of the 3rd Caucasian Army Corps (Corps Commander Vladimir Irmanov). Major General (1916). In 1917, Rozanov's career made a big leap: on February 18, he became commander of the 162nd Infantry Division, and on August 25, the 41st Army Corps. During Kornilov's Revolt, Rozanov proved his loyalty to the Provisional Government, and on September 2, the 7th Army Commissar even asked Petrograd to appoint Rozanov as commander of the army instead of the compromised General Vladimir Selivachev.

Civil War

In 1918, he entered the service in the Red Army, was appointed to the management of the All–Russian General Staff, but in September 1918 in the Volga Region, he went over to the side of the anti–Bolshevik Samara Government. From September 25 to November 18, 1918 – Acting Chief of Staff of the Supreme Commander–in–Chief of All Armed Forces of the

Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly The Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly () was an anti-Bolshevik government that operated in Samara, Russia, during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. It formed on June 8, 1918, after the Czechoslovak Legion had occupied the cit ...

(Ufa Directory), General Boldyrev. In November 1918 – in Omsk. He was a supporter of a military dictatorship, but of the available candidates for the role of dictator, he preferred General Boldyrev. After Admiral

Alexander Kolchak Admiral Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (; – 7 February 1920) was a Russian navy officer and polar explorer who led the White movement in the Russian Civil War. As he assumed the title of Supreme Ruler of Russia in 1918, Kolchak headed a mili ...

came to power, he was dismissed on sick leave. On December 22, 1918, he was enlisted in the reserve of ranks at the headquarters of the Omsk Military District. On March 13, 1919, he arrived at the disposal of the commander of the Irkutsk Military District. On March 31, he was appointed Governor General of the Yenisei Governorate and Special Commissioner for the Protection of State Order and Public Peace in the Yenisei Governorate. Defeated the main centers of the partisan movement in Eastern Siberia. During his command, Rozanov issued orders to brutally repress resistance.

"Those villages whose population meets troops with arms, burn down the villages and shoot the adult males without exception. If hostages are taken in cases of resistance to government troops, shoot the hostages without mercy."'' Цветков В. Ж.'' Белый террор — преступление или наказание? Эволюция судебно-правовых норм ответственности за государственные преступления в законодательстве белых правительств в 1917—1922 гг.

From July 18, 1919, to January 31, 1920 – the Chief of the Amur Region. On September 26, in Vladivostok, Rozanov received a demand from the inter–union committee of military representatives to withdraw Russian troops from Vladivostok, accompanied by the threat of the use of military force. Rozanov requested Omsk by telegraph and received an order from Kolchak to leave the troops in Vladivostok, which he did.Georgy Gins
Siberia, Allies and Kolchak
. Iris Press. 2008. Pages 442–444 Rozanov legalized the ataman administration, appointing Semyonov and Kalmykov as commissioners for the protection of public order with the rights of governors general. In October 1919, Rozanov informed Kolchak about the growth of opposition sentiments towards the Omsk Government in the region and about the impending uprising against the government headed by Gaida. On November 17–18, 1919, when the uprising of

Gaida Bagpipes are a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Great Highland bagpipes are well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of Europe, Nor ...

and his supporters (Socialist Revolutionaries and Czechs) in Vladivostok nevertheless took place, Rozanov pulled back from suppressing the uprising and, contrary to Kolchak's orders, released the rebel Gaida from the city. During the anti–Kolchak coup in Irkutsk, the manifesto of the

Political Center Centrism is the range of political ideologies that exist between left-wing politics and right-wing politics on the left–right political spectrum. It is associated with moderate politics, including people who strongly support moderate policie ...

declared Rozanov an enemy of the people. After the uprising in Vladivostok on January 31,

1920 Events January * January 1 ** Polish–Soviet War: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20. ** Kauniainen in Finland, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its ow ...

, he left for Japan. Later he lived in

Beijing Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...

and then in France. He died in

Meudon Meudon () is a French Communes of France, commune located in the Hauts-de-Seine Departments of France, department in the Île-de-France Regions of France, region, on the left bank of the Seine. It is located from the Kilometre Zero, center of P ...

in 1937.Sergey Rozanov. Encyclopedia Chronos
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Awards

Order of Saint Stanislaus The Order of Saint Stanislaus (, ), also spelled Stanislas, was a Polish order of knighthood founded in 1765 by King Stanisław August Poniatowski of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It remained under the Congress Poland, Kingdom of Pola ...

, 3rd Class (1901); *

, 2nd Class With Swords (1906); *

Order of Saint Vladimir The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir () was an Imperial Russian order established on by Empress Catherine the Great, Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Vladimir I, Prince of Kiev, Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptizer of ...

, 4th Class With Swords And Bow (1906); *

Order of Saint Anna The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a Holstein ducal and then Russian imperial order of chivalry. It was established by Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, on 14 February 1735, in hono ...

, 2nd Class With Swords (1907); *

, 3rd Class (1908); *

Order of Saint George The Order of Saint George () is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. It was originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) as the highest military decoration of the Russian Empire for commiss ...

, 4th Class (Highest Order on February 3, 1915) – for the battle on August 25–26, 1914, near the village of Bystrzyce; * George's Weapon (Highest Order on May 5, 1915); *

, 1st Class With Swords (Highest Order on October 22, 1915); *

, 1st Class With Swords (April 19, 1916).

Sources

*Zvyagin S. P. General Sergey Rozanov: Reconstruction of the Biography // From the History of the Civil War in the Far East (1918–1922): Collection of Scientific Articles. Issue 4 / Editor Sergey Savchenko. Khabarovsk: Regional Museum of Local Lore Named After Nikolai Grodekov, 2004. Pages 203–216 *Konstantin Zalessky. Who Was Who in the First World War – Moscow:

AST AST, Ast, or ast may refer to: Science and technology * Attention schema theory, of consciousness or subjective awareness Computing * Abstract syntax tree, a finite, labeled, directed tree used in computer science * Anamorphic stretch transform, ...

; Astrel, 2003 – 896 Pages – 5,000 Copies – ISBN 5-17-019670-9 – ISBN 5-271-06895-1 * * * *State Archives of the Russian Federation. Fund of Manuscripts 200. Inventory 1. Case 118. Sheet 93

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rozanov, Sergey 1869 births 1937 deaths Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Fourth Degree Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 2nd class Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 3rd class Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War Russian military personnel of World War I Perpetrators of the White Terror (Russia) White movement lieutenant generals White Russian emigrants to France