Senior marshal ( or ) is an officer in the

Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People' ...

Senate of Poland The Senate () is the upper house of the Parliament of Poland, Polish parliament, the lower house being the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, Sejm. The history of the Polish Senate stretches back over 500 years; it was one of the first constituent ...

, presiding over the first sitting of the parliament house, appointed by the

President of Poland The president of Poland ( ), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (), is the head of state of Poland. His or her prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive ...

. It is their role to conduct taking an oath by MPs and carry out election of the permanent leader of the house, who then takes the lead. In the

, senior marshal is appointed out of the oldest MPs, and it is also their duty to open the first sitting. Whereas in the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

, the eldest senator-elect is nominated for the office and it is the President who starts the proceedeing.

Senior Marshals of the Sejm

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...

* I Sejm – Lucjan Rudnicki ( PZPR) * II Sejm –

Bolesław Drobner Bolesław Drobner (28 June 1883 – 31 March 1968) was a Polish politician. A member of the Polish Socialist Party, he supported cooperation with the communists. Arrested by the NKVD after the Soviet invasion of Poland, in 1943 he was released. D ...

( PZPR) * III Sejm –

( PZPR) * IV Sejm –

( PZPR) * V Sejm –

Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz Jarosław Leon Iwaszkiewicz (; also known under his literary pseudonym Eleuter; 20 February 1894 – 2 March 1980), was a Polish writer, poet, essayist, dramatist and translator.Bartłomiej Szleszyński, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz. 2003 Culture.plJ ...

(non-partisan) * VI Sejm –

(non-partisan) * VII Sejm –

(non-partisan) * VIII Sejm – Jerzy Ziętek ( PZPR) * IX Sejm – Bogdan Suchodolski (non-partisan) * X Sejm – Zbigniew Rudnicki ( SD), July 4, 1989

Third Republic

* I Sejm –

Aleksander Małachowski Alexander () is a male given name, name of Greek origin. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in anc ...

(SP), November 25, 1991 * II Sejm –

( UP), October 14, 1993 * III Sejm – Józef Kaleta ( SLD), October 20, 1997 * IV Sejm –

(UP), October 19, 2001 * V Sejm – Józef Zych (

PSL PSL may refer to: Sport *Pakistan Super League, a Twenty20 cricket league *Palau Soccer League, top division association football league in Palau *Pilipinas Super League, a professional basketball league *Philippine Super Liga, a defunct profes ...

), October 19–24, 2005 * VI Sejm – Zbigniew Religa ( PiS), November 5, 2007 * VII Sejm – Józef Zych (PSL), November 8, 2011 * VIII Sejm –

Kornel Morawiecki Kornel Andrzej Morawiecki (3 May 1941 – 30 September 2019) was a Polish politician, the founder and leader of Fighting Solidarity (Polish: ''Solidarność Walcząca''), one of the splinters of the Solidarity movement in Poland during the 1980 ...

( WiS), November 12, 2015 * IX Sejm –

Antoni Macierewicz Antoni Macierewicz (; born 3 August 1948) is a Polish politician and the former Minister of National Defence. He previously served as the Minister of Internal Affairs, Head of the Military Counterintelligence Service, and Minister of State in ...

(PiS), November 12, 2019 * X Sejm –

Marek Sawicki Marek Wacław Sawicki (; born 8 April 1958) is a Polish politician who has been serving as a member of the Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliam ...

(PSL), November 13 2023

Senior Marshals of the Senate

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...

* IThe Senate elected in the first semi-democratic elections of 1989 is considered the first Senate Senate – Stanisław Stomma (

Solidarity Solidarity or solidarism is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or classes. True solidarity means moving beyond individual identities and single issue politics ...

), July 4, 1989

Third Republic

* II Senate – Jan Tomasz Zamoyski ( ZChN), November 26, 1991 * III Senate – Jan Mulak ( PPS), October 15, 1993 * IV Senate –

Władysław Bartoszewski Władysław Bartoszewski (; 19 February 1922 – 24 April 2015) was a Polish politician, social activist, journalist, writer and historian. A former Auschwitz concentration camp prisoner, he was a World War II resistance fighter as part of th ...

( UW), October 21, 1997 * V Senate – Andrzej Wielowieyski (UW), October 20, 2001 * VI Senate –

Kazimierz Kutz Kazimierz Julian Kutz (16 February 1929 – 18 December 2018) was a Polish film director, author, journalist and politician, one of the representatives of the Polish Film School and a deputy speaker of the Senate of Poland. Biography Kazimie ...

(Independent), October 20, 2005 * VII Senate – Ryszard Bender (PiS), November 5, 2007 * VIII Senate –

(Independent), November 8, 2011 * IX Senate –

Michał Seweryński Michał Seweryński (born 1 July 1939 in Łódź) is a professor of the University of Łódź. Honorary degree, Doctor honoris causa of the University of Lyon 3. Expert on Polish and international labour law. The author of about 130 scientific p ...

(PiS), November 12, 2015 * X Senate – Barbara Borys-Damięcka ( KO), November 12, 2019 * XI Senate –

(PiS), November 13, 2023

References

Polish titles Senior legislators {{gov-job-stub

Senior Marshals of the Sejm

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...

Third Republic

Senior Marshals of the Senate

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...

Third Republic

See also

References