Semisulcospiridae, common name semisulcospirids, is a
family of
freshwater snail
Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks which live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs ...
s,
aquatic gilled
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusks with an
operculum, in the superfamily
Cerithioidea
The Cerithioidea is a superfamily of marine, brackish water and freshwater gastropod containing more than 200 genera. The Cerithoidea are included unassigned in the subclass Caenogastropoda. The original name of this superfamily was Cerithiacea, ...
.
[MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Semisulcospiridae J. P. E. Morrison, 1952. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=715954 on 2021-03-08]
Semisulcospiridae
diversified from the
Pleuroceridae
Pleuroceridae, common name pleurocerids, is a family of small to medium-sized freshwater snails, aquatic gilled gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cerithioidea.These snails have an operculum and typically a robust high-spired shell.
Reprodu ...
about 90 million years ago, in the
Cretaceous.
Distribution
The family Semisulcospiridae occurs in western
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
, the Far East of
Russia,
Korea,
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
,
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
and
Vietnam.
Taxonomy
The family Semisulcospiridae was introduced as just a name (
nomen nudum
In taxonomy, a ''nomen nudum'' ('naked name'; plural ''nomina nuda'') is a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism, and may have originally been intended to be one, but it has not been published with an adequate descr ...
) by Morrison (1952),
without a diagnosis of the taxon. It is a valid taxon however, because its name has been used as valid.
2005 taxonomy
According to
the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), Semisulcospiridae was a subfamily within the family
Pleuroceridae
Pleuroceridae, common name pleurocerids, is a family of small to medium-sized freshwater snails, aquatic gilled gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cerithioidea.These snails have an operculum and typically a robust high-spired shell.
Reprodu ...
.
2009 taxonomy
The subfamily Semisulcospirinae within the Pleuroceridae was elevated to family level as Semisulcospiridae by Strong & Köhler (2009).
[Strong E. & Köhler F. (2009). "Morphological and molecular analysis of "''Melania''" ''jacqueti'' Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906: from anonymous orphan to critical basal offshoot of the Semisulcospiridae (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)". '' Zoologica Scripta'' 38(5): 483-502. ]
Genera
There is very high level of mitochondrial
heterogeneity in apparent species of Semisulcospiridae (highest among gastropods, also with
Pleuroceridae
Pleuroceridae, common name pleurocerids, is a family of small to medium-sized freshwater snails, aquatic gilled gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cerithioidea.These snails have an operculum and typically a robust high-spired shell.
Reprodu ...
), that has not been sufficiently explained yet as of 2015.
[Whelan N. V. & Strong E. E. (2015). "Morphology, molecules and taxonomy: extreme incongruence in pleurocerids (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea, Pleuroceridae)". '' Zoologica Scripta''> 26 pp. .]
Genera within the family Semisulcospiridae include:
* ''
Hua''
S.-F. Chen, 1943
* ''
Juga
''Juga'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Semisulcospiridae.
These snails are native to the rivers of the northwestern United States and adjacent British Columbia. Sever ...
''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
* ''
Koreoleptoxis''
J. B. Burch & Y. Jung, 1988
** ''
Koreoleptoxis globus''
* ''
Semisulcospira
''Semisulcospira'' is a genus of freshwater snails with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Semisulcospiridae. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Semisulcospira O. Boettger, 1886. Accessed through: World Register of ...
''
O. Boettger, 1886 - the
type genus
;Genera brought into synonymy:
* ''Biwamelania''
Matsuoka, 1985: synonym of ''Semisulcospira''
O. Böttger, 1886
* ''Koreanomelania'':
synonym of ''Koreoleptoxis''
J. B. Burch & Y. Jung, 1988
* ''Namrutua''
Abbott, 1948: synonym of ''Semisulcospira''
O. Böttger, 1886 (junior synonym)
* "''Parajuga''":
synonym of ''Juga''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 (unavailable name: no type species designated)
* ''Senckenbergia''
Yen, 1939: synonym of ''Semisulcospira''
O. Böttger, 1886 (junior synonym)
References
* Campbell D.C. (2019). Semisulcospiridae Morrison, 1952. Pp. 81-85, in: C. Lydeard & C.S. Cummings (eds), Freshwater mollusks of the world. A distribution atlas. 242 pp. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
External links
Strong, E. E.; Köhler, F. (2009). Morphological and molecular analysis of 'Melania' jacqueti Dautzenberg and Fischer, 1906: from anonymous orphan to critical basal offshoot of the Semisulcospiridae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea). Zoologica Scripta. 38(5): 483-502
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7449668