''Selenocosmia'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

tarantulas Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the Family (biology), family Theraphosidae. , 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Therap ...

that was first described by

Anton Ausserer Anton Ausserer (5 July 184320 July 1889)Maurer, Ferdinand: ''Nachruf an Dr. Anton Ausserer.'' Programm des kk. acad. Gymnasiums in Grätz. Graz 1890 was an Austrian natural history, naturalist specialising in spiders.Bonnet, Pierre: Bibliographi ...

in 1871. The genus is found in

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

Laos Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and ...

Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

and

Pakistan Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the Islam by country# ...

. They are commonly referred to as whistling or barking spiders, due to their ability to

stridulate Stridulation is the act of producing sound by rubbing together certain body parts. This behavior is mostly associated with insects, but other animals are known to do this as well, such as a number of species of fish, snakes and spiders. The mech ...

using lyra hairs.

Diagnosis

In a 2022 paper it was stated that "They can be distinguished from all other tarantula genera by the reduced and shallow apical keel. There is also an absence of dense tufts of retrolateral bristlelike hairs on the tibia and metatarsus of the fourth leg. They stridulate using the maxillae which have lyra hairs, which look somewhat like a

scimitar A scimitar ( or ) is a single-edged sword with a convex curved blade of about 75 to 90 cm (30 to 36 inches) associated with Middle Eastern, South Asian, or North African cultures. A European term, ''scimitar'' does not refer to one specific swor ...

.", citing another article from the previous year. However neither study compare against all Selenocosmia species, therefore it is unknown if this diagnosis holds for all Selenocosmia species.

Species

the genus contains thirty-six species and four subspecies, found in

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

, and

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n ...

: * '' Selenocosmia anubis'' Yu, S. Y. Zhang, F. Zhang, Li & Yang, 2021 -

*'' Selenocosmia arndsti'' (

Schmidt Schmidt may refer to: * Schmidt (surname), including list of people and fictional characters with the surname * Schmidt (singer) (born 1990), German pop and jazz singer * Schmidt (lunar crater), a small lunar impact crater * Schmidt (Martian c ...

& von Wirth, 1991) –

*'' Selenocosmia aruana''

Strand Strand or The Strand may refer to: Topography *The flat area of land bordering a body of water, a: ** Beach ** Shoreline * Strand swamp, a type of swamp habitat in Florida Places Africa * Strand, Western Cape, a seaside town in South Africa * ...

, 1911 –

(Aru Is.) *'' Selenocosmia barensteinerae'' (Schmidt, Hettegger & Matthes, 2010) –

Borneo Borneo () is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world, with an area of , and population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Situated at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda ...

*'' Selenocosmia compta'' Kulczyński, 1911 –

*'' Selenocosmia crassipes'' ( L. Koch, 1874) –

(

Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...

) *'' Selenocosmia deliana'' Strand, 1913 –

(

Sumatra Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...

) *'' Selenocosmia effera'' (

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1891) –

(

Moluccas The Maluku Islands ( ; , ) or the Moluccas ( ; ) are an archipelago in the eastern part of Indonesia. Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone. Geographically they are located in West Melanesi ...

) *'' Selenocosmia fuliginea'' ( Thorell, 1895) –

*'' Selenocosmia hasselti'' Simon, 1891 –

(

) *'' Selenocosmia hirtipes'' Strand, 1913 –

(

*'' Selenocosmia honesta'' Hirst, 1909 –

*'' Selenocosmia insignis'' (Simon, 1890) –

(

) *'' Selenocosmia javanensis'' (Walckenaer, 1837) (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * ...

) –

(

Sulawesi Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Min ...

) **''Selenocosmia j. brachyplectra'' Kulczyński, 1908 –

(

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

) **''Selenocosmia j. dolichoplectra'' Kulczyński, 1908 –

(

) **''Selenocosmia j. fulva'' Kulczyński, 1908 –

(

) **''Selenocosmia j. sumatrana'' Thorell, 1890 –

(

) *'' Selenocosmia jiafu'' Zhu & Zhang, 2008 –

*'' Selenocosmia kovariki'' (Schmidt & Krause, 1995) –

*'' Selenocosmia kulluensis''

Chamberlin The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are several ...

, 1917 –

*'' Selenocosmia lanceolata'' Hogg, 1914 –

*'' Selenocosmia lanipes'' Ausserer, 1875 –

(

*'' Selenocosmia longiembola'' Yu, S. Y. Zhang, F. Zhang, Li & Yang, 2021 -

*'' Selenocosmia mittmannae'' (Barensteiner & Wehinger, 2005) –

*'' Selenocosmia papuana'' Kulczyński, 1908 –

*'' Selenocosmia peerboomi'' (Schmidt, 1999) –

*'' Selenocosmia pritami'' Dyal, 1935 –

*'' Selenocosmia qiani'' Yu, S. Y. Zhang, F. Zhang, Li & Yang, 2021-

*'' Selenocosmia raciborskii'' Kulczyński, 1908 –

(

) *'' Selenocosmia samarae'' (Giltay, 1935) –

*'' Selenocosmia similis'' Kulczyński, 1911 –

*'' Selenocosmia stirlingi'' Hogg, 1901 –

*'' Selenocosmia strenua'' (Thorell, 1881) –

(

) *'' Selenocosmia strubelli'' Strand, 1913 –

(

) and

*'' Selenocosmia sutherlandi'' Gravely, 1935 –

*'' Selenocosmia tahanensis'' Abraham, 1924 –

*'' Selenocosmia valida'' (Thorell, 1881) –

*'' Selenocosmia xinhuaensis'' Zhu & Zhang, 2008 –

*'' Selenocosmia zhangzhengi'' Lin, 2022 -

Formerly included: *''Selenocosmia dichromata'' (Schmidt & von Wirth, 1992) → '' Orphnaecus dichromatus'' *''Selenocosmia hainana'' Liang, Peng, Huang & Chen → ''

Cyriopagopus hainanus ''Cyriopagopus hainanus'' is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas), found in China. It is one of a number of species from China and Vietnam known as "Chinese bird spider". It produces a venom containing numerous compounds c ...

'' *''Selenocosmia himalayana'' Pocock, 1899 → '' Haplocosmia himalayana'' *''Selenocosmia huwena'' Wang, Peng & Xie, 1993 → '' Cyriopagopus schmidti'' *''Selenocosmia imbellis'' (Simon, 1891) → '' Psednocnemis imbellis'' *''Selenocosmia insulana'' Hirst, 1909 → '' Phlogiellus insulanus'' **''Selenocosmia insulana borneoensis'' Schmidt, 2015 → ''Phlogiellus insulanus borneoensis'' *''Selenocosmia nigroventris'' Marx, 1893 → '' Phoneyusa nigroventris'' (

Nomen dubium In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium,'' it may be impossible to determine whether a ...

) *''Selenocosmia obscura'' Hirst, 1909 → '' Phlogiellus obscurus'' *''Selenocosmia orophila'' (Thorell, 1897) → '' Phlogiellus orophilus'' *''Selenocosmia xinping'' Zhu & Zhang, 2008 → '' Phlogiellus xinping''

Nomina dubia In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium,'' it may be impossible to determine whether a ...

*''Selenocosmia lyra'' Strand, 1913 *''Selenocosmia subvulpina'' Strand, 1907

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2388465 Theraphosidae genera Spiders of Asia Spiders of Oceania Taxa named by Anton Ausserer Theraphosidae

Diagnosis

Species

See also

References