Section 123 of the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1954, titled "Cooperation With Other Nations", establishes an agreement for cooperation as a prerequisite for nuclear deals between the US and any other nation. Such an agreement is called a 123 Agreement. To date, the U.S. has entered into roughly twenty-six 123 Agreements with 52 countries.

Agreement Countries

Countries with which the U.S. has a Section 123 Agreement as of 2025 include:

Current

* * * * * (with re-processing rights, requiring approval per each request) * Euratom (with automatic re-processing rights) *

International Atomic Energy Agency The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an intergovernmental organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear technology, nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. It was ...

(IAEA) * (With ''advance consent'' to reprocessing), exempt from certain safeguards by Indo-U.S. civilian nuclear agreement. * * (with automatic re-processing rights) * * * * * * * * * * via the American Institute in Taiwan * (1974-2014, 2025-2065) * * 123 Agreements for Peaceful Cooperation, NNSA
/ref> * * *

Former

* : September 17, 1981 - June 24, 2012 * * * : December 4, 1997 - December 4, 2022

Proposed

* (Never signed, superseded by Euratom agreement once Romania joined the EU)

References

External links

123 Agreement With India

Details of Indian 123 Agreement package before Congress
123 Agreement With UAE
U.S. to Sign Nuclear Pact With U.A.E. Wall Street Journal, January 14, 2009

* ttp://www.uae-embassy.org/uae/energy/nuclear-energy Resources on the United Arab Emirates Nuclear Energy Program{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208001708/http://www.uae-embassy.org/uae/energy/nuclear-energy , date=2015-12-08
Voice of America News, December 12, 2008
Energy policy of the United States Treaties of the United Arab Emirates Treaties of the United States Energy treaties Treaties of Morocco Treaties of Ukraine Treaties of Romania Treaties of Japan Treaties of the People's Republic of China Treaties of Switzerland Treaties of India Treaties of Russia Treaties of Egypt Treaties of Thailand Treaties of Argentina Treaties of Australia Treaties of Bangladesh Treaties of Brazil Treaties of Canada Treaties of Colombia Treaties of Indonesia Treaties of Turkey Treaties of Kazakhstan Treaties of South Korea Treaties of South Africa Treaties of Taiwan Treaties of Singapore Treaties of the Philippines Treaties of Mexico Treaties of Vietnam Nuclear technology treaties