A secondary predicate is a (mostly adjectival)
predicative expression
A predicative expression (or just predicative) is part of a clause predicate, and is an expression that typically follows a copula or linking verb, e.g. ''be'', ''seem'', ''appear'', or that appears as a second complement (object complement) of ...
that conveys information about the subject or the object but is not the main
predicate of the clause. This structure may be analysed in many different ways.
These may be resultative, as in (1) and (2) or descriptive (also called "depictive") as in (3).
:(1) She painted the town red
:(2) The film left me cold
:(3) Susan walked around naked. (Depictive over the subject, or "subject-oriented depictive")
:(4) John ate the meat raw. (Depictive over the object, or "object-oriented depictive")
:(5) All men are created equal.
Alternative views
Optional depictive secondary predicates are viewed as "predicative
adjuncts
In brewing, adjuncts are unmalted grains (such as barley, wheat, maize, rice, rye, and oats) or grain products used in brewing beer which supplement the main mash ingredient (such as malted barley). This is often done with the intention of cut ...
" by some linguists. (Huddleston & Pullum 2002)
References
* Monica-Alexandrina Irimia (2005) "Types of secondary predication". ''Toronto Working Papers in Linguistics'' 25: 20–29.
* R. Huddleston and G. K. Pullum (2002). ''The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN, 0-521-43146-8.
External links
Secondary Predication and Non-Verbal Predicates
Grammar