The gens Cornelia was one of the greatest patrician houses at

ancient Rome In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of Rome, founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, collapse of the Western Roman Em ...

. For more than seven hundred years, from the early decades of the

Republic A republic, based on the Latin phrase ''res publica'' ('public affair' or 'people's affair'), is a State (polity), state in which Power (social and political), political power rests with the public (people), typically through their Representat ...

to the third century AD, the Cornelii produced more eminent statesmen and generals than any other

gens In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; : gentes ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same ''nomen gentilicium'' and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was cal ...

. At least seventy-five

consuls A consul is an official representative of a government who resides in a foreign country to assist and protect citizens of the consul's country, and to promote and facilitate commercial and diplomatic relations between the two countries. A consu ...

under the Republic were members of this family, beginning with

Servius Cornelius Maluginensis Servius Cornelius Maluginensis was a Roman senator who was elected consul in 485 BC. Family Maluginensis was from the patrician ''Cornelii Maluginenses'', one of the oldest attested branches of the '' gens Cornelia''. It is possible that he ca ...

in 485 BC. Together with the

Aemilii The gens Aemilia, originally written Aimilia, was one of the greatest patrician families at ancient Rome. The gens was of great antiquity, and claimed descent from Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome. Its members held the highest offices ...

Claudii The gens Claudia (), sometimes written Clodia, was one of the most prominent patrician houses at ancient Rome. The gens traced its origin to the earliest days of the Roman Republic. The first of the Claudii to obtain the consulship was Appius ...

Fabii The gens Fabia was one of the most ancient patrician families at ancient Rome. The gens played a prominent part in history soon after the establishment of the Republic, and three brothers were invested with seven successive consulships, from ...

Manlii The gens Manlia () was one of the oldest and noblest patrician houses at Rome, from the earliest days of the Republic until imperial times. The first of the gens to obtain the consulship was Gnaeus Manlius Cincinnatus, consul in 480 BC, and fo ...

, and

Valerii The gens Valeria was a patrician family at ancient Rome, prominent from the very beginning of the Republic to the latest period of the Empire. Publius Valerius Poplicola was one of the consuls in 509 BC, the year that saw the overthrow of the ...

, the Cornelii were almost certainly numbered among the ''gentes maiores'', the most important and powerful families of Rome, who for centuries dominated the Republican magistracies. All of the major branches of the Cornelian gens were patrician, but there were also

plebeian In ancient Rome, the plebeians or plebs were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words "commoners". Both classes were hereditary. Etymology The precise origins of the gro ...

Cornelii, at least some of whom were descended from

freedmen A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves were freed by manumission (granted freedom by their owners), emancipation (granted freedom as part of a larger group), or self- ...

.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 855 ("

Cornelia Gens The gens Cornelia was one of the greatest patrician houses at ancient Rome. For more than seven hundred years, from the early decades of the Republic to the third century AD, the Cornelii produced more eminent statesmen and generals than any othe ...

").

Origin

The origin of the Cornelii is lost to history, but the nomen ''Cornelius'' may be formed from the hypothetical

cognomen A ''cognomen'' (; : ''cognomina''; from ''co-'' "together with" and ''(g)nomen'' "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditar ...

''Corneus'', meaning "horny", that is, having thick or callused skin. The existence of such a cognomen in early times may be inferred from its diminutive, ''Corneolus''. Such a derivation implies a

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

origin for the Cornelii, and there is no evidence to contradict this, but beyond this no traditions survive relating to the family's beginning.Chase, p. 124.

Praenomina

The Cornelii employed a wide variety of

praenomina The praenomen (; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Ancient Rome, Roman child. It was first bestowed on the ''dies lustricus'' (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the ...

, although individual families tended to favor certain names and avoid others. ''

Servius Servius may refer to: * Servius (praenomen), a personal name during the Roman Republic * Servius the Grammarian (fl. 4th/5th century), Roman Latin grammarian * Servius Asinius Celer (died AD 46), Roman senator * Servius Cornelius Cethegus, Roma ...

Lucius Lucius is a masculine given name derived from Lucius (Latin ; ), abbreviated L., one of the small group of common Latin forenames () found in the culture of ancient Rome. Lucius probably derives from Latin word ( gen. ), meaning "light" (<

, Publius'', and '' Gnaeus'' were common to most branches, while other names were used by individual ''stirpes''; '' Marcus'' primarily by the Cornelii Maluginenses and the Cethegi, ''

Gaius Gaius, sometimes spelled Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen). People * Gaius (biblical figure) (1st century AD) *Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist * Gaius Acilius * Gaius Antonius * Gaius Antonius Hybrida * Gaius Asinius Gal ...

'' by the Cethegi, and '' Aulus'' by the Cossi. Other names occur infrequently; ''

Tiberius Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus ( ; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37. He succeeded his stepfather Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Tiberius was born in Rome in 42 BC to Roman politician Tiberius Cl ...

'' appears once amongst the Lentuli, who later revived the old surname ''Cossus'' as a praenomen, while the Cornelii Sullae made use of '' Faustus''.

Branches and cognomina

The Cornelian gens included both patricians and plebeians, but all of its major families were patrician. The surnames ''Arvina, Blasio, Cethegus, Cinna, Cossus, Dolabella, Lentulus, Maluginensis, Mammula, Merenda, Merula, Rufinus, Scapula, Scipio, Sisenna'', and ''Sulla'' belonged to patrician Cornelii, while the plebeian cognomina included ''Balbus'' and ''Gallus''. Other surnames are known from freedmen, including ''Chrysogonus, Culleolus, Phagita'', and others. A number of plebeian Cornelii had no cognomen. The first of the Cornelii to appear in history bore the surname ''Maluginensis''. This family seems to have divided into two ''stirpes'' in the 430s, the senior line retaining ''Maluginensis'', while the younger branches assumed ''Cossus''. From their filiations, the first of the Cornelii Cossi would seem to have been younger sons of

Marcus Cornelius Maluginensis Marcus Cornelius Maluginensis was a Roman politician and member of the Second Decemvirate in 450 and 449 BC. Family He was part of the ''Cornelii Maluginenses'', patrician branch of the ''gens Cornelia''. He was grandson of Servius Cornelius Ma ...

, a member of the Second Decemvirate in 450 BC. Both families produced a number of consuls and

consular tribunes A consular tribune was putatively a type of magistrate in the early Roman Republic. According to Roman tradition, colleges of consular tribunes held office throughout the fifth and fourth centuries BC during the so-called " Conflict of the O ...

during the fourth and fifth centuries BC. The Maluginenses disappeared before the period of the

Samnite Wars The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe. ...

, although the Cornelii Scipiones appear to have been descended from this family, while the surname ''Cossus'' appears as late as the beginning of the third century; members of the latter family also bore the cognomina ''Rutilus'', "reddish", and ''Arvina''. ''Cossus'' itself seems to belong to a class of surnames derived from objects or animals, referring to the larva of certain beetles that burrow under the bark of trees. The Cornelii Lentuli subsequently revived ''Cossus'' as a surname.Chase, pp. 112, 113. The Cornelii Scipiones derived their surname from a legend in which the first of the family served as a staff (''scipio'') for his blind father. Since the first of the Scipiones seems to have borne the cognomen ''Maluginensis'', he would seem to have been the son of Publius Cornelius Maluginensis, one of the consular tribunes in 404 BC. The Scipiones produced numerous consuls and several prominent generals, of whom the most celebrated were

Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus (c. 337 BC270 BC) was one of the two elected Roman consuls in 298 BC. He led the Roman army to victory against the Etruscans near Volterra. A member of the noble Roman family of Scipiones, he was the father of ...

and

Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (, , ; 236/235–) was a Roman general and statesman who was one of the main architects of Rome's victory against Carthage in the Second Punic War. Often regarded as one of the greatest military commanders and ...

. Members of this family held the highest offices of the Roman state from the beginning of the fourth century BC down to the second century of the

Empire An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outpost (military), outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a hegemony, dominant center and subordinate peripheries". The center of the ...

, a span of nearly six hundred years. Its members bore a large number of additional surnames, including ''Barbatus'', "bearded", ''Scapula'', "shoulder blade", ''Asina'', "she-ass", ''Calvus'', "bald", ''Hispallus'', "little Spaniard", ''Nasica'', "nosed", and ''Corculum'', "little heart", in addition to those derived from their military exploits: ''Africanus'' and ''Asiaticus''. The last generations of this great family were originally adopted from the Salvidieni, and so bore the additional names of ''Salvidienus Orfitus''. The Scipiones had a large family sepulchre at Rome, which still exists, having been rediscovered in 1780.Chase, pp. 109, 110 (''Barbatus, Scapula, Nasica, Calvus''), 112, 113 (''Asina, Scipio''), 114 (''Africanus, Hispallus''). The cognomen ''Lentulus'' probably belongs to a class of surnames deriving from the habits or qualities of the persons to whom they were first applied; the adjective ''lentulus'' means "rather slow". An alternative explanation is that the name is a diminutive of ''lens'', a lentil, and so belongs to the same class of surnames as ''Cicero'', a chickpea, and ''Caepio'', an onion.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, pp. 728, 729 ("

Lentulus Lentulus may refer to: * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus, Roman senator and commander against Spartacus * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura, Roman senator and Catilinarian conspirator * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Spinther, Roman senator * Lu ...

"). The Cornelii Lentuli were famed for their pride and haughtiness, so that

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, orator, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises tha ...

uses ''Lentulitas'', "Lentulusness", to describe the most aristocratic of the patricians. The Lentuli appear in history from the time of the Samnite Wars to the first century of the Empire, a period of about four hundred years. Their origin is uncertain. According to Livy, early in the Second Samnite War, Lucius Cornelius Lentulus described his father as the only man who, during the Gallic sack of Rome in 390 BC, had opposed paying a ransom to ensure the departure of the

Gauls The Gauls (; , ''Galátai'') were a group of Celts, Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age Europe, Iron Age and the Roman Gaul, Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). Th ...

from the city. The filiations of other early Lentuli suggest that their ancestors used the name ''Gnaeus'', suggesting that they could have been descendants of the Cornelii Cossi. The Lentuli used a number of additional surnames, including ''Caudinus,'' apparently referring to the

Battle of the Caudine Forks The Battle of Caudine Forks, 321 BC, was a decisive event of the Second Samnite War. Its designation as a battle is a mere historical formality: there was no fighting and there were no casualties. The Romans were trapped in an enclosed valley by ...

, ''crus'', a leg, or the shin, ''Gaetulicus'', bestowed upon the conqueror of the

Gaetuli Gaetuli was the Romanised name of an ancient Berber tribe inhabiting ''Getulia''. The latter district covered the large desert region south of the Atlas Mountains, bordering the Sahara. Other documents place Gaetulia in pre-Roman times along the M ...

, ''Lupus'', a wolf, ''Niger'', black, ''Spinther'', a bracelet, and ''Sura'', the calf. The Lentuli also revived several old cognomina that had belonged to other ''stirpes'' of the Cornelii: ''Maluginensis'', ''Cossus'', ''Rufinus'', and ''Scipio''. At least two of this family bore surnames derived from other ''gentes''; ''Clodianus'' was borne by a Lentulus who had been adopted from the Clodii, while ''Marcellinus'' belonged to a member of the family who was adopted from the

Marcelli. The Cornelii Rufini appear in the latter half of the fourth century BC, beginning with Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 334 BC. From the surname ''Rufinus'', meaning "reddish", one may infer that the first of this family had red hair. A descendant of this family was the first to assume the cognomen ''Sulla'', about the time of the

Second Punic War The Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC) was the second of Punic Wars, three wars fought between Ancient Carthage, Carthage and Roman Republic, Rome, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean Basin, Mediterranean in the 3rd century BC. For ...

. The name is probably a diminutive of ''Sura'', a cognomen found in several gentes, including among the Cornelii Lentuli, and probably referred to someone with prominent calves.

Plutarch Plutarch (; , ''Ploútarchos'', ; – 120s) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo (Delphi), Temple of Apollo in Delphi. He is known primarily for his ''Parallel Lives'', ...

, who erroneously believed that the dictator

Sulla Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (, ; 138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman people, Roman general and statesman of the late Roman Republic. A great commander and ruthless politician, Sulla used violence to advance his career and his co ...

was the first to bear the name, thought it must have referred to a blotchy, reddish complexion, while

Macrobius Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, usually referred to as Macrobius (fl. AD 400), was a Roman provincial who lived during the early fifth century, during late antiquity, the period of time corresponding to the Later Roman Empire, and when Latin was ...

derives it from ''Sibylla'', an etymology that is rejected by

Quintilian Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (; 35 – 100 AD) was a Roman educator and rhetorician born in Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quin ...

.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, pp. 933–944 ("

"). The dictator Sulla adopted the agnomen ''Felix'', meaning "fortunate" or "happy", and this name was passed on to some of his descendants. The Sullae continued in the highest offices of the state well into imperial times. The last appearing in history fell victim to

Elagabalus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Sextus Varius Avitus Bassianus, 204 – 13 March 222), better known by his posthumous nicknames Elagabalus ( ) and Heliogabalus ( ), was Roman emperor from 218 to 222, while he was still a teenager. His short r ...

, early in the third century AD. The Dolabellae first came to prominence at the beginning of the third century BC, and so remained until the reign of

Vitellius Aulus Vitellius ( ; ; 24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69. Vitellius became emperor following the quick succession of the previous emperors Galba and Otho, in a year of civil wa ...

. Several of the Dolabellae achieved high office, and one was ''

Rex Sacrorum In ancient Roman religion, the ''rex sacrorum'' ("king of the sacred things", also sometimes ''rex sacrificulus'') was a senatorial priesthood reserved for patricians. Although in the historical era, the '' pontifex maximus'' was the head of ...

'', but many of this family were notorious for their pride, extravagance, and disregard for the law. Their surname, ''Dolabella'', is a diminutive of ''dolabra'', a mattock or pickaxe, and belongs to a common class of surnames derived from everyday objects. Several lesser patrician ''stirpes'' flourished during the late Republic and early years of the Empire. The Cornelii Merendae flourished for about a century, beginning in the early third century BC. Their cognomen means the midday meal, and is also found among the patrician

Antonii The gens Antonia was a Roman family of great antiquity, with both patrician and plebeian branches. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Titus Antonius Merenda, one of the second group of Decemviri called, in 450 BC, to help draft w ...

. The Blasiones appeared at the same time and flourished for about 160 years; their surname was originally given to one who stammers. ''Cethegus'' is a cognomen whose original meaning and significance have been lost. The Cornelii Cethegi first appear in the latter half of the third century BC, and were described by

Horace Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 BC – 27 November 8 BC), Suetonius, Life of Horace commonly known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). Th ...

as ''cinctuti Cethegi'', for their old-fashioned practice of wearing their arms bare. They remained prominent for the next two centuries. The Cornelii Mammulae held several praetorships, beginning at the time of the Second Punic War, but they never attained the consulship, and disappeared after about fifty years. Their surname is a diminutive of ''mamma'', a breast. ''Merula'' refers to an ouzel, or blackbird. The family that bore this surname rose from obscurity at the beginning of the second century BC, and continued for the next century. The Cornelii Cinnae were the last patrician family to emerge in the late second century BC; they retained prominence until the early decades of the Empire. ''Balbus'', which like ''Blasio'' signifies a stammerer, was not originally a surname of the Cornelia gens, but was adopted by a native of Gades, who was granted

Roman citizenship Citizenship in ancient Rome () was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance. Citizenship in ancient Rome was complex and based upon many different laws, traditions, and cu ...

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey ( ) or Pompey the Great, was a Roman people, Roman general and statesman who was prominent in the last decades of the Rom ...

, as a reward for military service during the War against Sertorius. He probably took the nomen ''Cornelius'' after Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, who ratified the act making Balbus a citizen in 72 BC. He eventually attained the consulship, but the family, which was plebeian, disappeared from history in the early years of the Empire. Another plebeian surname of the Cornelii was ''Gallus'', known from

Gaius Cornelius Gallus Gaius Cornelius Gallus (c. 70 – 26 BC) was a Roman poet, orator, politician and military commander, at one time appointed by the Emperor Augustus as prefect of Egypt. Only nine lines of his poetry are extant today, but he was much read in antiq ...

, the poet, who came to Rome from Forum Julii as a young man. His surname signified his Gallic origin.

Members

Cornelii Maluginenses

* Publius Cornelius Maluginensis, the father of the consul of 485 BC * Servius Cornelius P. f. Cossus Maluginensis,

consul Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states thro ...

in 485 BC, fought against the

Veientes Veii (also Veius; ) was an important ancient Etruscan civilization, Etruscan city situated on the southern limits of Etruria and north-northwest of Rome, Italy. It now lies in Isola Farnese, in the Comuni of the Province of Rome, comune of Rome ...

. * Lucius Cornelius Ser. f. P. n. Maluginensis, consul in 459 BC. * Marcus Cornelius L. f. Ser. n. Maluginensis, a member of the second

decemvirate The decemviri or decemvirs (Latin for "ten men") refer to official ten-man commissions established by the Roman Republic. The most important were those of the two decemvirates, formally the decemvirate with consular power for writing laws () w ...

in 450 BC. * Marcus Cornelius M. f. Maluginensis, consul in 436 BC. * Publius Cornelius M. f. M. n. Maluginensis,

consular tribune A consular tribune was putatively a type of magistrate in the early Roman Republic. According to Roman tradition, colleges of consular tribunes held office throughout the fifth and fourth centuries BC during the so-called "Conflict of the Or ...

in 404 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis, consular tribune in 397 and 390, and

magister equitum The , in English Master of the Horse or Master of the Cavalry, was a Roman magistrate appointed as lieutenant to a dictator. His nominal function was to serve as commander of the Roman cavalry in time of war, but just as a dictator could be n ...

in 396 BC. * Marcus Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis, censor in 393 BC. * Servius Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis, consular tribune in 386, 384, 382, 380, 376, 370, and 368 BC. He was also magister equitum in 361. * Marcus Cornelius Maluginensis, consular tribune in 369 and 367 BC.Livy, vi. 36, 42.

Cornelii Cossi

* Servius Cornelius M. f. L. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 434 BC. * Aulus Cornelius M. f. L. n. Cossus, consul in 428 and consular tribune in 426 BC, slew

Lars Tolumnius Lars Tolumnius (Etruscan language, Etruscan: Larth Tulumnes, d. 437 BC) was the most famous king of the wealthy Etruscan Civilization, Etruscan city-state of Veii. He is best remembered for instigating, and decisively losing, a war with the neighb ...

, King of

Veii Veii (also Veius; ) was an important ancient Etruscan city situated on the southern limits of Etruria and north-northwest of Rome, Italy. It now lies in Isola Farnese, in the comune of Rome. Many other sites associated with and in the city-st ...

, to claim the ''

spolia opima The spolia opima (Latin for 'rich spoils') were the armour, arms, and other effects that an ancient Roman general stripped from the body of an opposing commander slain in single combat. The spolia opima were regarded as the most honourable of the ...

''. * Publius Cornelius A. f. P. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 415 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius A. f. M. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 415 and consul in 409 BC. * Aulus Cornelius A. f. M. n. Cossus, consul in 413 BC. * Publius Cornelius A. f. M. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 408 BC. * Publius Cornelius M. f. L. n. Rutilus Cossus, dictator in 408 and consular tribune in 406 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius P. f. A. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 406, 404, and 401 BC. * Publius Cornelius Maluginensis Cossus, consular tribune in 395, and consul in 393 BC. *

Aulus Cornelius Cossus __NOTOC__ Aulus Cornelius Cossus was a Roman general in the early Republic. He is famous for being the second Roman, after Romulus, to be awarded the '' spolia opima,'' Rome's highest military honour, for killing the commander of an enemy army in ...

, dictator in 385 BC. * Aulus Cornelius Cossus, consular tribune in 369 and 367 BC. * Aulus Cornelius P. f. A. n. Cossus Arvina, consul in 343 and 332, and dictator in 322 BC. * Aulus Cornelius Arvina, ''fetialis'' around the late fourth century BC. * Publius Cornelius A. f. P. n. Arvina, consul in 306 and 288, and censor in 294 BC.

Cornelii Scipiones

* Publius Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis Scipio,

in 396 BC, and consular tribune in 395 and 394. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Scipio, one of the two first

curule aediles Aedile ( , , from , "temple edifice") was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings () and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to enforce public orde ...

appointed in 366 BC, and

in 350. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. Scipio, consul in 350 BC. * Publius Cornelius (Scipio?) Scapula, consul in 328 BC, according to Livy; the Chronicon of 354 gives his surname as ''Barbatus''. *

Publius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus Publius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus was a Roman Republic, Roman Politician, statesman who served as the Roman Consul, Consul in 328 BC and Roman dictator, Dictator in 306 BC. His primary duty as dictator was to hold the comitia to elect new consuls. H ...

, possibly consul in 328 BC, although Livy gives his surname as ''Scapula''. Dictator in 306, either he or his brother, Gnaeus was pontifex maximus in 304. * Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio (Barbatus), the father of Scipio Barbatus, the consul of 298 BC, may have been pontifex maximus in 304. * Lucius Cornelius Cn. f. Scipio Barbatus, consul in 298 BC, and censor in 280. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. Cn. n. Scipio Asina, consul in 260 and 254 BC, during the

First Punic War The First Punic War (264–241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the early 3rd century BC. For 23 years, in the longest continuous conflict and grea ...

. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Cn. n. Scipio, consul in 259 and censor in 258 BC, captured

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; ; ) is the Mediterranean islands#By area, second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the Regions of Italy, twenty regions of Italy. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, north of Tunisia an ...

and

Corsica Corsica ( , , ; ; ) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the Regions of France, 18 regions of France. It is the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of the Metro ...

. * Publius Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Asina, consul in 221 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Calvus, consul in 222 BC, slain in Hispania, 211. * Publius Cornelius L. f. L. n., consul in 218 BC, slain in Hispania, 211. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio, a younger brother of the Scipiones who were slain in Hispania, and uncle of Africanus. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio Africanus, the conqueror of

Hannibal Hannibal (; ; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Punic people, Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded the forces of Ancient Carthage, Carthage in their battle against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War. Hannibal's fat ...

; consul in 205 and 194 BC, and censor in 199;

Princeps Senatus The ''princeps senatus'' ( ''principes senatus''), in English the leader of the senate, was the first member by precedence on the membership rolls of the Roman Senate. Although officially out of the ''cursus honorum'' and possessing no ''imperium ...

. * Publius Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Nasica, consul in 191 BC. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, consul in 190 BC. Defeated

Antiochus III the Great Antiochus III the Great (; , ; 3 July 187 BC) was the sixth ruler of the Seleucid Empire, reigning from 223 to 187 BC. He ruled over the region of Syria and large parts of the rest of West Asia towards the end of the 3rd century BC. Rising to th ...

in 189. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio, elder son of Scipio Africanus, was elected augur in 180 BC. He was a noted historian and scholar. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio, younger son of Scipio Africanus, praetor peregrinus in 174 BC, expelled from the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

by the censors. * Cornelia P. f. L. n., elder daughter of Scipio Africanus, wife of

Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum (c. 206 BC – c. 141 BC) was a politician of the Roman Republic. Born into the illustrious family of the Cornelii Scipiones, he was one of the most important Roman statesmen of the second cen ...

, and mother of Serapio. * Cornelia P. f. L. n., younger daughter of Scipio Africanus, and mother of

and

Gaius Gracchus Gaius Sempronius Gracchus ( – 121 BC) was a reformist Roman politician and soldier who lived during the 2nd century BC. He is most famous for his tribunate for the years 123 and 122 BC, in which he proposed a wide set of laws, i ...

. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Hispallus, praetor in 179 BC, and then became consul in 176.Münzer, ''Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families'', p. 189. * Marcus Cornelius Scipio Maluginensis, not related to the other Scipiones, he was perhaps a long descendant Publius Cornelius Maluginensis Scipio, of whom he reused the cognomen Maluginensis. He was praetor in 176 BC, but the censors of 174 expelled him from the Senate. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, quaestor in 167 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Cn. n. Scipio Nasica Corculum, consul in 162 and 155 BC, and censor in 159; pontifex maximus in 150 and princeps senatus in 147. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio, son of Publius Cornelius Scipio the historian, was appointed

Flamen Dialis In ancient Roman religion, the was the high priest of Jupiter. The term ''Dialis'' is related to ''Diespiter'', an Old Latin form of the name ''Jupiter''. There were 15 '' flamines'', of whom three were ''flamines maiores'', serving the thr ...

in 174 BC. His early death, about 169, compelled his father to adopt Scipio Aemilianus. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Africanus Aemilianus, consul in 147 and 134 BC, and censor in 142, triumphed over

Carthage Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classic ...

and

Numantia Numantia () is an ancient Celtiberian settlement, whose remains are located on a hill known as Cerro de la Muela in the current municipality of Garray ( Soria), Spain. Numantia is famous for its role in the Celtiberian Wars. In 153 BC, Num ...

. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Hispanus, praetor in 139 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica Serapio, son of Scipio Nasica Corculum, consul in 138 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica, consul in 111 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio, praetor about 109 BC, refused the province of Spain. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, the father of

Scipio Asiaticus Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus (properly Asiagenes; 3rd century BC – after 183 BC) was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic. He was the son of Publius Cornelius Scipio and the younger brother of Scipio Africanus. He was elected c ...

.''Fasti Capitolini''. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica, praetor in 93 BC, crushed a revolt in Spain. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, consul in 83 BC.Münzer, ''Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families'' p. 282. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus Aemilianus, the eldest son of M. Aemilius Lepidus, adopted by the consul of 83 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica, afterward ''Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica'', consul in 52 BC. * Cornelia P. f. Metella, daughter of the consul

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio (c. 95 – 46 BC), often referred to as Metellus Scipio, was a Roman senator and military commander. During the civil war between Julius Caesar and the senatorial faction led by Pompey, he was a staunch sup ...

; married first Publius Licinius Crassus and, after his death, Gnaeus Pompeius. * Cornelia, daughter of Scribonia, and stepdaughter of

Augustus Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (), was the founder of the Roman Empire, who reigned as the first Roman emperor from 27 BC until his death in A ...

; married

Paullus Aemilius Lepidus Paullus Aemilius LepidusLightman, ''A to Z of Ancient Greek and Roman Women'', p. 205 (c. 77 BC – after 11 BC) was a Roman Senate, Roman senator. Biography He was a grandson of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (consul 78 BC), Marcus Aemilius Lepidu ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in 34 BC. * Publius Cornelius Scipio Salvito, accompanied

Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war. He ...

on his African campaign, in 46 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Scipio, consul in 16 BC. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul in AD 51. * Publius Cornelius (P. n.) Scipio, consul in AD 56. *

Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus was a Roman senator active during the Principate. He was suffect consul in the ''nundinium'' of September to December 68, as the colleague of Gaius Bellicius Natalis. Both Asiaticus and Bellicius Natalis were pic ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 68. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Ser. n. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul ''suffectus'' in an uncertain year during the reign of Domitian, he was later banished and subsequently put to death, supposedly for having plotted against the emperor. * Cornelius Scipio Orfitus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 101. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Ser. n. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul in AD 110, during the reign of

Trajan Trajan ( ; born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. He was a philanthropic ruler and a successful soldier ...

. He was ''

praefectus urbi The ''praefectus urbanus'', also called ''praefectus urbi'' or urban prefect in English, was prefect of the city of Rome, and later also of Constantinople. The office originated under the Roman kings, continued during the Republic and Empire, an ...

'' under

Antoninus Pius Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius (; ; 19 September 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from AD 138 to 161. He was the fourth of the Five Good Emperors from the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. Born into a senatorial family, Antoninus held var ...

. * Servius Cornelius (Ser. f.) Ser. n. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, proconsul of Africa in AD 163 and 164. * Servius Cornelius (Ser. f. Ser. n.) Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul in AD 178. * Servius Cornelius (Ser. f. Ser. n.) Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, one of the

Salii The Salii, Salians, or Salian priests were the "leaping priests" of Mars in ancient Roman religion, supposed to have been introduced by King Numa Pompilius. They were twelve patrician youths dressed as archaic warriors with an embroidered tunic, ...

in AD 189 and 190. * Lucius Cornelius Scipio Orfitus, ''vir clarissimus'', augur in 295 AD, probably descended from the ''salius Palatinus''. * (Cornelius?) Scipio, a ''vir clarissimus'' in the late 4th century, possibly descended from Lucius Scipio Orfitus, the augur.

Cornelii Lentuli

* Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, according to his son, the only senator who voted against paying

Brennus Brennus or Brennos is the name of two Gaulish chieftains, famous in ancient history: * Brennus, chieftain of the Senones, a Gallic tribe originating from the modern areas of France known as Seine-et-Marne, Loiret, and Yonne; in 387 BC, in th ...

and the

to leave

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

, in 390 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, consul in 327 and dictator in 320 BC. * Servius Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Lentulus, consul in 303 BC. * Tiberius Cornelius Ser. f. Cn. n. Lentulus, son of the consul of 303 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Ti. f. Ser. n. Lentulus Caudinus, consul in 275 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L.f. Ti. n. Lentulus Caudinus, consul in 237 BC. * Publius Cornelius L.f. Ti. n. Lentulus Caudinus, consul in 236 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus Caudinus,

curule aedile Aedile ( , , from , "temple edifice") was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings () and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to enforce public orde ...

in 209 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Lentulus, praetor in 214 BC. * Servius Cornelius Lentulus, curule aedile in 207 BC, and

military tribune A military tribune () was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion. Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribunes as a stepping stone to the Senate. The should not be confused with the ...

Hispania Hispania was the Ancient Rome, Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two Roman province, provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was divide ...

in 205. * Publius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus Caudinus, praetor in 203 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus, consul in 201 BC, and subsequently one of the triumvirs appointed to bring new colonists to

Narni Narni () is an ancient hilltown and (municipality) of Umbria, in central Italy, with 19,252 inhabitants (2017). At an altitude of , it overhangs a narrow gorge of the River Nera in the province of Terni. It is very close to the geograp ...

a. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus, consul in 199 BC. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus, ambassador sent to Greece in 171 BC, and praetor in

Sicily Sicily (Italian language, Italian and ), officially the Sicilian Region (), is an island in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe and is one of the 20 regions of Italy, regions of Italy. With 4. ...

in 169. * Publius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus, brother of the praetor of 169, also an ambassador sent to Greece in 171 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, messenger of Lucius Aemilius Paullus, after the defeat of

Perseus In Greek mythology, Perseus (, ; Greek language, Greek: Περσεύς, Romanization of Greek, translit. Perseús) is the legendary founder of the Perseid dynasty. He was, alongside Cadmus and Bellerophon, the greatest Greek hero and slayer of ...

, in 168 BC. * Publius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus, ''consul suffectus'' in 162 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Lentulus Lupus, consul in 156 and censor in 147 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, consul in 146 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Ser. f. Ser. n. Lentulus, praetor in 140 BC. * Cornelius Lentulus, praetor in Sicily, defeated ''circa'' 134 BC during the

First Servile War The First Servile War of 135–132 BC was a slave rebellion against the Roman Republic, which took place in Sicily. The revolt started in 135 when Eunus, a slave from Syria who claimed to be a prophet, captured the city of Enna in the middl ...

. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Lentulus, praetor ''circa'' 128 BC, was the father of

Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura (114 BC – 5 December 63 BC) was one of the chief figures in the Catilinarian conspiracy. He was also the step-father of the future triumvir Mark Antony. Biography When accused by Sulla He was praetor in ...

, consul in 71 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus, quaestor ''circa'' 100 BC, was honored at

Delos Delos (; ; ''Dêlos'', ''Dâlos''), is a small Greek island near Mykonos, close to the centre of the Cyclades archipelago. Though only in area, it is one of the most important mythological, historical, and archaeological sites in Greece. ...

. * Publius Cornelius (L. f.) Lentulus, legate of the consul

Lucius Caesar Lucius Caesar (17 BC – 20 August 2 AD) was a grandson of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. The son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder, Augustus' only daughter, Lucius was adopted by his grandfather along with his older brother, G ...

in 90 BC, during the

Marsic War Kappa Herculis (κ Herculis, abbreviated Kappa Her, κ Her) is an optical double star in the constellation of Hercules. The two components, Kappa Herculis A (Marsic , the traditional name of the system) and B, were 27.3 arc seconds apart ...

. He was murdered by partisans of Marius in 87. He was probably father of Publius, quaestor c. 72 BC, and of Lentulus Crus. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, consul in 97 BC. *

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus (born 115 BC) was a Roman politician and general who was one of two Consuls of the Republic in 72 BC along with Lucius Gellius. Closely linked to the family of Pompey, he is noted for being one of the consular ...

, consul in 72, and censor in 70 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Lentulus Sura, consul in 71 BC, later one of

Catiline Lucius Sergius Catilina ( – January 62 BC), known in English as Catiline (), was a Roman politician and soldier best known for instigating the Catilinarian conspiracy, a failed attempt to seize control of the Roman state in 63 BC. ...

's conspirators. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Lentulus, quaestor ''circa'' 72 BC, possibly identical with Lentulus Spinther. * Publius Cornelius P. f. (L. or Cn. n.) Lentulus Spinther, consul in 57 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Lentulus Spinther, a partisan of

Pompeius Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey ( ) or Pompey the Great, was a Roman general and statesman who was prominent in the last decades of the Roman Republic. ...

, and later one of the conspirators against

. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus, the son of

Marcus Claudius Marcellus Marcus Claudius Marcellus (; 270 – 208 BC) was a Roman general and politician during the 3rd century BC. Five times elected as Roman consul, consul of the Roman Republic (222, 215, 214, 210, and 208 BC). Marcellus gained the most prestigious a ...

, he was adopted by one of the Cornelii Lentuli. He was a lieutenant of Pompeius during the war against the pirates, in 67 BC, and was an orator of considerable merit. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Cn. f. Clodianus, sent to observe the progress of the

Helvetii The Helvetii (, , Gaulish: *''Heluētī''), anglicized as Helvetians, were a Celtic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC. According to Ju ...

in 60 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius P. f. Lentulus Marcellinus, consul in 56 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Vatia, mentioned by

in 56 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Niger, ''

Flamen Martialis In ancient Roman religion, the Flamen Martialis was the high priest of the official state cult of Mars, the god of war. He was one of the '' flamines maiores'', the three high priests who were the most important of the fifteen flamens. The Flamen ...

'', died in 56 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, ''Flamen Martialis'' following Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Niger, was still alive in 20 BC. *

Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus (before 97 BC48 BC) was Consul of the Roman Republic in 49 BC, an opponent of Caesar and supporter of Pompeius in the Civil War during 49 to 48 BC. Family and political career Born sometime before 97 BC, son of a P ...

, consul in 49 BC, and a partisan of Pompeius. * (Publius) Cornelius Cn. f. P. n. Lentulus Marcellinus, quaestor in 48 BC, commanded a portion of Caesar's fortifications at Dyrrhachium, where he was defeated by Pompeius with heavy losses, but afterward saved by

Mark Antony Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman people, Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the Crisis of the Roman Republic, transformation of the Roman Republic ...

. * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Cruscellio, proscribed by the triumvirs in 43 BC, but escaped, and was later reconciled with them. He was consul ''suffectus'' in 38 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, consul in 18 BC. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus P. f. (Cn. n.) Marcellinus, consul in 18 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Lentulus Augur, consul in 14 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, consul in 3 BC. * Cornelia (L. f.), wife of Lucius Volusius Saturninus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 3. * Cossus Cornelius Cn. f. (Cn. n.) Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in 1 BC. *

Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio (c. 15 BC52 AD) was a Roman senator active during the Principate. He was suffect consul in the '' nundinium'' of July-December AD 24, as the colleague of Gaius Calpurnius Aviola. His name combines the two most f ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 2. *

Servius Cornelius Lentulus Maluginensis Servius Cornelius Lentulus Maluginensis (died AD 23) was a Roman statesman, who flourished during the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius. He was ''flamen dialis'', and consul ''suffectus'' in AD 10. Descent Descended from the patrician Cornelia ge ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 10. He had been appointed ''Flamen Dialis'' by Augustus, which prevented him from being appointed governor of

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

in AD 22. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus Maluginensis, appointed ''Flamen Dialis'' in place of his father, following the latter's death in AD 23. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Lentulus Scipio,

legate Legate may refer to: People * Bartholomew Legate (1575–1611), English martyr * Julie Anne Legate (born 1972), Canadian linguistics professor * William LeGate (born 1994), American entrepreneur Political and religious offices *Legatus, a hig ...

of Quintus Junius Blaesus, proconsul of Africa in AD 22, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 24. * Cossus Cornelius Cossi f. Cn. n. Lentulus, consul in AD 25. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cossi f. Cn. n. Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in AD 26. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 27. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cossi n. Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 55. * Cossus Cornelius Cossi f. Cn. n. Lentulus, consul in AD 60. * Cornelius Lentulus, a celebrated actor and writer of pantomimes; his period is uncertain, but he must have lived before the end of the first century.

Cornelii Rufini et Sullae

* Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 334 BC, but resigned due to a fault in his nomination. The ''Fasti Consulares'' list him again as dictator again in 333, during the first "Dictator Year" (a year without consul), but the historicity of the Dictator Years is doubted by modern scholars. Livy only mentions him in 334. * Gnaeus Cornelius Rufinus, the son of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, the dictator of 334 BC, was father of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 280. * Publius Cornelius Cn. f. P. n. Rufinus, grandson of the dictator Publius Cornelius Rufinus, was consul in 290 and 277 BC, and dictator in 280. * Publius Cornelius P. f. (Rufinus) Sulla, Flamen Dialis from ''circa'' 270 BC until the middle of the century, was the first of the Cornelii to bear the cognomen ''Sulla''. He was probably the son of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, consul in 290 and 277, and father of Publius Cornelius Sulla, praetor in 212. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Sulla, praetor urbanus and peregrinus in 212 BC, held the first ''Ludi Apollinares''. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Sulla, praetor in 186 BC, obtained Sicily as his province. * Servius Cornelius P. f. Sulla, praetor in 175 BC, he obtained

as his province. He later served as a commissioner, sent to assist Lucius Aemilius Paullus in arranging the affairs of

Macedonia Macedonia (, , , ), most commonly refers to: * North Macedonia, a country in southeastern Europe, known until 2019 as the Republic of Macedonia * Macedonia (ancient kingdom), a kingdom in Greek antiquity * Macedonia (Greece), a former administr ...

, in 167 BC. * Publius Cornelius Sulla, ''triumvir monetalis'' in 151 BC, possibly the uncle of the dictator

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (, ; 138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman people, Roman general and statesman of the late Roman Republic. A great commander and ruthless politician, Sulla used violence to advance his career and his co ...

. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Sulla, son of the Publius Cornelius Sulla who was praetor in 186 BC, and father of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla Felix, consul in 88 and 80, and dictator ''rei publicae constituendae causa'' from 82 to 81 BC. * Servius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla, brother of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla. * Cornelia L. f. L. n., daughter of the dictator by his first wife, Ilia; married first Quintus Pompeius Rufus, and after his death,

Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus (died c. 62 BC) was a Roman politician and military commander who was consul in 77 BC. Biography Livianus was a well connected and influential figure in Late Republican politics. A member of the aristocratic pa ...

. * Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla, son of the dictator by his fourth wife, Caecilia Metella, died in the lifetime of his father. * Faustus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla, son of the dictator, was quaestor in 54 BC, and later a partisan of

. *

Fausta Cornelia Fausta Cornelia (also called Cornelia Fausta) was a daughter of the Roman Dictator Sulla. Biography Early life Fausta and her twin brother Faustus were the children of their father's fourth wife Caecilia Metella. They had one older half-sister, ...

L. f. L. n., daughter of the dictator, and twin sister of Faustus Cornelius Sulla. * Cornelia L. f. L. n. Postuma, daughter of the dictator by his fifth wife, Valeria. * Publius Cornelius Ser. f. L. n. Sulla, a nephew of the dictator, was elected consul in 66 BC, but was disqualified from the office. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. L. n. Sulla, another nephew of the dictator, took part in both of the conspiracies of

. * Cornelia F. f. L. n., the daughter of Faustus Cornelius Sulla, and granddaughter of Lucius Cornelius Sulla the dictator. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Ser. n. Sulla, son of Publius Cornelius Sulla, the consul of 66 BC, may have been the father of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, consul in 5 BC. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Sulla, consul in 5 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Sulla P. f. F. n. Felix, a member of the

Arval Brethren In ancient Roman religion, the Arval Brethren (, "Brothers of the Fields") or Arval Brothers were a body of priests who offered annual sacrifices to the Lares and gods to guarantee good harvests. Inscriptions provide evidence of their oaths, r ...

, was a grandson of Faustus Cornelius Sulla, the quaestor of 54 BC. He died in AD 21. He was the father of Faustus, consul in AD 31, and Lucius, consul in 33. * Faustus Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla, son of the Arval Sulla Felix, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 31. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla Felix, another son of the Arval Sulla Felix, was consul in AD 33. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla, son of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the consul of AD 33, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 52. * Faustus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla Felix, son of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the consul of AD 52, was put to death by

Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68) was a Roman emperor and the final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 until his ...

in 63. * Cornelius Sulla, governor of

Cappadocia Cappadocia (; , from ) is a historical region in Central Anatolia region, Turkey. It is largely in the provinces of Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. Today, the touristic Cappadocia Region is located in Nevşehir ...

, put to death by

Cornelii Dolabellae

* Publius Cornelius Dolabella Maximus, consul in 283 BC. * Marcus Cornelius Dolabella, praetor in Sicily in 211 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella, inaugurated as ''

rex sacrorum In ancient Roman religion, the ''rex sacrorum'' ("king of the sacred things", also sometimes ''rex sacrificulus'') was a senatorial priesthood reserved for patricians. Although in the historical era, the '' pontifex maximus'' was the head of ...

'' in place of Marcus Marcius in 208 BC, and held this office until his death in 180. * Lucius Cornelius Dolabella, ''duumvir navalis'' in 180 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Dolabella, consul in 159 BC. * Publius Cornelius L. f. Dolabella, father of the proconsul Lucius. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Dolabella, put to death in 100 BC, together with the tribune

Saturninus Saturninus may refer to: * Lucius Appuleius Saturninus (died 100 BC), tribune, legislator * Gaius Sentius Saturninus, consul 19 BC, military officer, governor * Marcus Aponius Saturninus (1st century AD), governor of Moesia, and partisan of first ...

. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Dolabella, as proconsul in 99 BC, defeated the Lusitani and received a triumph. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Dolabella, consul in 81 BC. *

Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella was a consul of the Roman Republic in 81 BC, with Marcus Tullius Decula, during the dictatorship of Sulla. Biography Possibly a military tribune in 89 BC, Dolabella soon was attached to the staff of Sulla as a legate, ...

, ''

praetor urbanus ''Praetor'' ( , ), also ''pretor'', was the Title#Titles for heads of state, title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected ''Roman magistr ...

'' in 81 BC, an accomplice of

Verres Gaius Verres ( 114 – 43 BC) was a Roman magistrate, notorious for his misgovernment of Sicily. His extortion of local farmers and plundering of temples led to his prosecution by Cicero, whose accusations were so devastating that his defence advo ...

. * Publius Cornelius Dolabella, ''praetor urbanus'' in 67 BC, and later

proconsul A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a Roman consul, consul. A proconsul was typically a former consul. The term is also used in recent history for officials with delegated authority. In the Roman Republic, military ...

. * Publius Cornelius Dolabella, ''consul suffectus'' in 44 BC, and

's son-in-law. * Publius Cornelius Dolabella, consul in 35 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Dolabella, consul in AD 10 and proconsul of

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

in AD 23 and 24, conqueror of Tacfarinas. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Dolabella, consul in AD 55 and son of the consul in AD 10.Tansey, "The Perils of Prosopography, p. 271 *

, was put to death by

upon the emperor's accession in 69. * Servius Cornelius Cn. f. Dolabella Petronianus, consul in AD 86.Fasti Ostienses, . * Cornelius Dolabella Veranianus, one of the sons of various Roman senators who were appointed to serve the

in AD 105. * Servius Cornelius P. n. Dolabella Metilianus, either the father or the brother of the consul of AD 113. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. P. n. Dolabella Metilianus Pompeius Marcellus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 113.

Cornelii Merendae

* Servius Cornelius P. f. Ser. n. Merenda, legate in 275 BC under the consul Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Caudinus, who rewarded him for taking a Samnite town. He was then consul in 274. * Publius Cornelius Merenda, failed candidate to the consulship in 217 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Merenda, praetor in Sardinia in 194 BC, and one of the ten ambassadors sent to Asia to negotiate and implement the

Treaty of Apamea The Treaty of Apamea was a peace treaty conducted in 188 BC between the Roman Republic and Antiochus III, ruler of the Seleucid Empire. It ended the Roman–Seleucid War. The treaty took place after Roman victories at the Battle of Thermopylae ( ...

in 189 and 188.

Cornelii Blasiones

* Gnaeus Cornelius P. f. Cn. n. Blasio, consul in 270 and 257 BC, and censor in 265. He might have been Princeps Senatus in the 240s and early 230s. * Gnaeus Cornelius Blasio, praetor in Sicily in 194 BC. * Publius Cornelius Blasio, ambassador to the

Carni The Carni (Greek: Καρνίοι) were a tribe of the Eastern Alps in classical antiquity of Celtic language and culture, settling in the mountains separating Noricum and Venetia. They probably gave their name to Carso, Carnia, Carinthia, and ...

, Istri, and

Iapydes The Iapodes (or Iapydes, Japodes; ; ) were an ancient people who dwelt north of and inland from the Liburnians, off the Adriatic coast and eastwards of the Istrian peninsula. They occupied the interior of the country between the ''Colapis'' (Kupa ...

in 170 BC, and special commissioner in 168. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Blasio, ''triumvir monetalis'' ''circa'' 112 BC.

Cornelii Cethegi

* Marcus Cornelius M. f. M. n. Cethegus, as flamen in 223 BC, was compelled to abdicate due to an error in performing a sacrifice. Appointed a pontifex in 213, when curule aedile; praetor in 200, censor in 209, consul in 204, and afterwards proconsul in Gaul, where he fought against Mago. * Gaius Cornelius L. f. M. n. Cethegus, consul in 197 and censor in 194 BC. * Publius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Cethegus, consul in 181 BC. * Publius Cornelius Cethegus, praetor in 184 BC. * Marcus Cornelius C. f. C. n. Cethegus, consul in 160 BC. * Lucius Cornelius (C. f. L. n.) Cethegus, supporter of a bill by the tribune

Lucius Scribonius Libo Several men of plebeian status were named Lucius Scribonius Libo during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire; they were members of the ''gens'' Scribonia. L. Scribonius Libo (praetor 204 BC) Lucius Scribonius Libo was a tribune of the plebs in 216 ...

to impeach

Servius Sulpicius Galba Servius Sulpicius Galba may refer to: * Servius Sulpicius Galba (consul 144 BC) * Servius Sulpicius Galba (consul 108 BC) * Servius Sulpicius Galba (praetor 54 BC), assassin of Julius Caesar * Galba, born Servius Sulpicius Galba, Roman emperor fro ...

in 149 BC. * Cornelius Cethegus, ''triumvir monetalis ''in 115 or 114 BC. * Publius Cornelius Cethegus, a partisan of

Gaius Marius Gaius Marius (; – 13 January 86 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. Victor of the Cimbrian War, Cimbric and Jugurthine War, Jugurthine wars, he held the office of Roman consul, consul an unprecedented seven times. Rising from a fami ...

, was pardoned by

in 83 BC. * Gaius Cornelius Cethegus, joined the conspiracy of

in 63 BC, and was executed after its failure. * Cornelius Cethegus, a senator who voted for the death of his brother, Gaius, for his role in Catiline's conspiracy. * Servius Cornelius Cethegus, father of Servius, the consul of AD 24. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Cethegus, consul in AD 24. *

Marcus Gavius Cornelius Cethegus Marcus Gavius Cornelius Cethegus was a Roman senator active during the middle of the second century AD. He was ordinary consul for 170 as the colleague of Gaius Erucius Clarus. Cethegus is best known for his behavior while travelling through Roma ...

, consul in AD 170.

Cornelii Mammulae

* Aulus Cornelius Mammula, praetor at the beginning of the Second Punic War in 217 BC. As

propraetor In ancient Rome, a promagistrate () was a person who was granted the power via '' prorogation'' to act in place of an ordinary magistrate in the field. This was normally ''pro consule'' or ''pro praetore'', that is, in place of a consul or praet ...

in Sardinia the following year, he unsuccessfully petitioned the Senate for money and supplies for his soldiers. * Aulus Cornelius Mammula, praetor in 191 BC, subsequently received the province of

Bruttium 01 or 01 may refer to: * The year 2001, or any year ending with 01 * The month of January * 1 (number) Music * ''01'' (Richard Müller album), 2001 * ''01'' (Urban Zakapa album), 2011 * ''01011001'', the seventh studio album from Arjen Anthony L ...

. * Publius Cornelius Mammula, praetor in 180 BC, received the province of Sicily. * Marcus Cornelius Mammula, one of four ambassadors sent to

Perseus of Macedon Perseus (; – 166 BC) was king of the Ancient Greece, ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedon from 179 until 168BC. He is widely regarded as the last List of kings of Macedonia, king of Macedonia and the last ruler from th ...

and

Ptolemy VI of Egypt Ptolemy VI Philometor (, ''Ptolemaĩos Philomḗtōr'';"Ptolemy, lover of his Mother". 186–145 BC) was a Greek king of Ptolemaic Egypt who reigned from 180 to 164 BC and from 163 to 145 BC. He is often considered the last ruler o ...

in 173 BC.

Cornelii Merulae

* Lucius Cornelius L. f. Merula, praetor urbanus in 198 BC, and consul in 193. * Gnaeus Cornelius Merula, appointed legate by the

to resolve a dispute respecting the sovereignty of

Cyprus Cyprus (), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated in West Asia, its cultural identity and geopolitical orientation are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the List of isl ...

in 162 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Merula, curule aedile in 161 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Merula,

, and ''consul suffectus'' in 87 BC.

Cornelii Sisennae

* Publius Cornelius Sisenna, praetor ''urbanus'' in 183 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Sisenna, praetor in Macedonia in 119 BC, then proconsul the following year. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. Sisenna, ''

triumvir monetalis The ''triumvir monetalis'' ( ''tresviri'' or ''triumviri monetales'', also called the , abbreviated IIIVIR A. A. A. F. F.) was a moneyer during the Roman Republic and the Empire, who oversaw the minting of coins. In that role, he would be respon ...

'' between 118 and 107 BC. *

Lucius Cornelius Sisenna Lucius Cornelius Sisenna (c. 120 – 67 BC) was a Roman soldier, historian, and annalist. He was praetor in 78 BC. Life Little is known of Sisenna's life or family. The first Cornelius Sisenna (perhaps Lucius' grandfather or great-gran ...

, praetor ''urbanus'' and ''peregrinus'' in 78 BC, then perhaps governor of Sicily; he was a supporter of

. Legate under Gnaeus Pompeius in 67, during the war against the pirates, he was sent to command the army based in Crete, but died soon after his arrival. Sisenna was a historian, whose work was greatly praised by Cicero and

Sallust Gaius Sallustius Crispus, usually anglicised as Sallust (, ; –35 BC), was a historian and politician of the Roman Republic from a plebeian family. Probably born at Amiternum in the country of the Sabines, Sallust became a partisan of Julius ...

. * Cornelius Sisenna, legate in Syria in 57 BC, serving under his father-in-law,

Aulus Gabinius Aulus Gabinius ( – 48 or 47 BC) was a politician and general of the Roman Republic. He had an important career, culminating with a consulship in 58 BC, mainly thanks to the patronage of Pompey. His name is mostly associated with the '' le ...

, the consul of the previous year. when Gabinius was prosecuted for bribery by Gaius Memmius, Sisenna pleaded with Memmius on Gabinius' behalf, but to no avail. *Cornelius Sisenna, ''triumvir monetalis'' in 5 BC.

Cornelii Cinnae

* Lucius Cornelius L. f. Cinna, ''triumvir monetalis'' between 169 and 158 BC, legate in 136, praetor by 130, and consul in 127. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna, consul in 87 (deposed), and from 86 to 84 BC. He was the leader of the ''

Populares ''Optimates'' (, ; Latin for "best ones"; ) and ''populares'' (; Latin for "supporters of the people"; ) are labels applied to politicians, political groups, traditions, strategies, or ideologies in the late Roman Republic. There is "heated ...

'' after the death of

, but was murdered by his own soldiers during his fourth consulship. * Cornelia L. f. L. n., wife of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus. * Cornelia L. f. L. n., daughter of the consul of 87 BC, and wife of

Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in Caesar's civil wa ...

. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna, praetor in 44, was almost murdered by a mob after denouncing his former brother-in-law, Julius Caesar, after the latter's assassination. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna, quaestor of Publius Cornelius Dolabella against

Brutus Marcus Junius Brutus (; ; 85 BC – 23 October 42 BC) was a Roman politician, orator, and the most famous of the assassins of Julius Caesar. After being adopted by a relative, he used the name Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus, which was reta ...

in 44 BC. He was probably suffect consul in 32 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna Magnus, consul in AD 5, conspired against

but was pardoned. * (Cornelia) Magna, sister of Cinna Magnus.

Cornelii Balbi

* Lucius Cornelius Balbus, consul ''suffectus'' in 40 BC. * Publius Cornelius Balbus, brother of the consul of 40 BC. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. Balbus, proconsul of

in 21 BC, triumphed over the

Garamantes The Garamantes (; ) were ancient peoples, who may have descended from Berbers, Berber tribes, Toubous, Toubou tribes, and Saharan Pastoral period, pastoralists that settled in the Fezzan region by at least 1000 BC and established a civilization t ...

Other Cornelii during the Republic

* Aulus Cornelius, quaestor in 459 BC, attempted the prosecution of Marcus Volscius Fictor for his part in the exile of

Caeso Quinctius Caeso Quinctius L. f. L. n. Cincinnatus was a son of the Roman dictator Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus. His trial for obstructing the tribunes of the plebs in 461 BC was one of the key events in the Conflict of the Orders in the years leading up to ...

. * Publius Cornelius Calussa, elected pontifex maximus ''circa'' 330 BC, without having first held any of the curule magistracies. * Publius Cornelius, praetor in 234 BC, received the province of

. While there, he and many of those under his command he became sick and died. * Gnaeus Cornelius, installed as flamen Dialis in 174 BC. * Gaius Cornelius M. f., a senator in 129 BC. He was possibly a son of Marcus Cornelius Cethegus, consul in 160, as the Cethegi were the only Cornelii to use the praenomen Gaius at this time. * Lucius Cornelius M. f., a senator in 129 BC. Despite having the same filiation, the two senators of 129 were not directly related, as Lucius belonged to the ''tribus'' Romilia and Gaius was from Stellatina. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f., of the Palatina tribe, a councilor of the consul

Pompeius Strabo Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo ( – 87 BC) was a Roman general and politician, who served as consul in 89 BC. He is often referred to in English as Pompey Strabo, to distinguish him from his son, the famous Pompey the Great, or from Strabo the geograp ...

in 89 BC, possibly a military tribune. He might be one of the Dolabellae, or the father of Lentulus Clodianus. * Cornelius, a '' scriba'' during the dictatorship of

, was quaestor during that of

. *

Lucius Cornelius Chrysogonus Lucius Cornelius Chrysogonus (died after 80 BC) was a Ancient Greece, Greek freedman of Lucius Cornelius Sulla whom Sulla put in charge of the proscriptions of 82 BC. He purchased the property of the proscribed Sextus Roscius Amerinus, worth 250 Tal ...

, a freedman of Sulla who hunted the men proscribed by his master in 82 and 81 BC. * Cornelius Phagita, another freedman of Sulla, captured Caesar when he was proscribed in 82 BC. * Tlepolemus Cornelius, a painter from Cibyra in

, who came into the service of Verres.

called him one of Verres' ''canes venatici'', his hunting dogs. * Artemidorus Cornelius, another agent of Gaius Verres. *

Cornelius Nepos Cornelius Nepos (; c. 110 BC – c. 25 BC) was a Roman Empire, Roman biographer. He was born at Hostilia, a village in Cisalpine Gaul not far from Verona. Biography Nepos's Cisalpine birth is attested by Ausonius, and Pliny the Elder calls ...

, a historian and contemporary of Cicero. * Lucius Cornelius Alexander Polyhistor, a freedman of Greek origin, was a scholar, tutor, and writer on history and geography during the first half of the first century BC. * Gaius Cornelius, a quaestor serving under Pompeius, was tribune of the plebs in 67 BC. * Publius Cornelius, tribune of the plebs in 51 BC. * Cornelius, a centurion in the army of

Octavian Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (), was the founder of the Roman Empire, who reigned as the first Roman emperor from 27 BC until his death in ...

in 43 BC, sent to Rome to demand the consulship for their general. *

, poet, and prefect of

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

in 30 BC.

Other Cornelii of imperial times

Cornelius Severus Cornelius Severus was an Augustan Age Roman epic poet who is mentioned in Quintilian and Ovid. Quintilian attests to an epic about the Sicilian Wars, ''Bellum Siculum,'' and Ovid refers to a long poem on Rome's ancient kings, which may be ''Res R ...

, poet during the time of

. *

Aulus Cornelius Celsus Aulus Cornelius Celsus ( 25 BC 50 AD) was a Roman encyclopedist, known for his extant medical work, '' De Medicina'', which is believed to be the only surviving section of a much larger encyclopedia. The ''De Medicina'' is a primary source on ...

, a celebrated

writer on medicine, probably during the early part of the first century AD. * Cornelius Tuscus, a historian spoken of by

Seneca the Elder Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Elder ( ; – c. AD 39), also known as Seneca the Rhetorician, was a Roman writer, born of a wealthy equestrian family of Corduba, Hispania. He wrote a collection of reminiscences about the Roman schools of rhetoric, ...

, who accused Mamercus Aemilius Scaurus of ''majestas'' in AD 34. *

Cornelius Fuscus Cornelius Fuscus (died 86 AD) was a Roman general who fought campaigns under the Emperors of the Flavian dynasty. He first distinguished himself as one of Vespasian's most ardent supporters during the civil war of 69 AD, known as the Year of th ...

, a Roman general and supporter of

Vespasian Vespasian (; ; 17 November AD 9 – 23 June 79) was Roman emperor from 69 to 79. The last emperor to reign in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Empire for 27 years. His fiscal reforms and consolida ...

. * Cornelius Fuscus, probably son of the general, the addressee of the younger Pliny. * Cornelius Martialis, served in the army of Titus Flavius Sabinus, and perished in the burning of the Capitol, in AD 69. *

Cornelius Laco Cornelius Laco (died 69) was a prefect of the Roman ''vigiles'' (''praefectus vigilum'') under ClaudiusCassius Dio 60, 23, 3. and later of the imperial bodyguard, known as the Praetorian Guard ('' praefectus praetorio'') under Emperor Galba from ...

, prefect of the

Praetorian Guard The Praetorian Guard (Latin language, Latin: ''cohortes praetoriae'') was the imperial guard of the Imperial Roman army that served various roles for the Roman emperor including being a bodyguard unit, counterintelligence, crowd control and ga ...

under the emperor

Galba Galba ( ; born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was Roman emperor, ruling for 7 months from 8 June AD 68 to 15 January 69. He was the first emperor in the Year of the Four Emperors and assumed the throne follow ...

, AD 69. * Cornelius Rufus, a man whose house was found in

Pompeii Pompeii ( ; ) was a city in what is now the municipality of Pompei, near Naples, in the Campania region of Italy. Along with Herculaneum, Stabiae, and Villa Boscoreale, many surrounding villas, the city was buried under of volcanic ash and p ...

. *

Publius Cornelius Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus ( , ; – ), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historiography, Roman historians by modern scholars. Tacitus’ two major historical ...

, one of the most celebrated Roman historians, who chronicled the first century of the Empire. *

Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus (died AD 118) was a soldier and Roman statesman who was twice consul: first as consul ordinarius in AD 99, with Quintus Sosius Senecio as his colleague; and again in 109, with Publius Calvisius Tullus Ruso as ...

, consul in AD 99 and 109, put to death by

Hadrian Hadrian ( ; ; 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138. Hadrian was born in Italica, close to modern Seville in Spain, an Italic peoples, Italic settlement in Hispania Baetica; his branch of the Aelia gens, Aelia '' ...

in AD 117. * Servius Cornelius, a

jurist A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyzes and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal education in law (a law degree) and often a Lawyer, legal prac ...

in the time of

. * Lucius Cornelius Pusio Annius Messalla, consul ''suffectus'' in either AD 72 or 73. * Lucius Cornelius Pusio Annius Messala, consul in AD 90 and son of the homonymous consul. *

Quintus Cornelius Senecio Annianus Quintus Cornelius Senecio Annianus was a Roman senator, who was active during the reign of Antoninus Pius and held several imperial appointments. He was suffect consul in the ''nundinium'' of September-October 142 as the colleague of Lucius Tusidi ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 142. His brother, Proculus, was consul four years later. *

Marcus Cornelius Fronto Marcus Cornelius Fronto (c. 100late 160s AD), best known as Fronto, was a Roman grammarian, rhetorician, and advocate. Of Berber origin, he was born at Cirta (modern-day Constantine, Algeria) in Numidia. He was suffect consul for the '' nundiniu ...

, a famous orator, and ''consul suffectus'' in AD 143.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, pp. 183–185 ("s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Fronto, M. Cornelius, M. Cornelius Fronto"). * Quintus Cornelius Proculus, the brother of Annianus, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 146. * Quintus Cornelius Quadratus, consul in AD 147 and brother of the orator. * Gnaeus Cornelius Severus, consul in AD 152. * Sextus Cornelius Repentinus, praetorian prefect from AD 160 to 167. * Cornelius Repentinus, ''

'', son of the praetorian prefect, and son-in-law of the emperor Didius Julianus. * Julia Cornelia Paula, empress and first wife of the emperor

, from AD 219 to 220. * Celsus (usurper), Titus Cornelius Celsus, one of the ''Thirty Tyrants (Roman)'' enumerated by Trebellius Pollio in the ''Historia Augusta''. * Publius Cornelius Saecularis, consul ''circa'' AD 240, and again in 260. * Cornelia Salonina, empress and wife of the emperor Gallienus, from AD 253 to 268. * Valerian II, Publius Licinius Cornelius Valerianus, otherwise known as "Valerian II", the son and heir of Gallienus. * Saloninus, Publius Licinius Cornelius Saloninus Valerianus, another son of Gallienus, who elevated him to the rank of Augustus (title), Augustus, making him the emperor Saloninus.

Footnotes

References

Bibliography

Ancient sources

* Cicero, Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''Brutus (Cicero), Brutus'', ''De Officiis'', ''De Oratore'', ''Epistulae ad Atticum'', ''Epistulae ad Familiares'', ''Epistulae ad Quintum Fratrem'', ''In Verrem'', ''Philippicae'', ''De Imperio Cn. Pompei, Pro Lege Manilia'', ''Pro Sulla''. * Gaius Sallustius Crispus (

), ''Bellum Catilinae'' (The Conspiracy of Catiline), ''Historiae'' (The Histories). * Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca historica, Bibliotheca Historica'' (Library of History). * Quintus Horatius Flaccus (

), ''Ars Poetica (Horace), Ars Poëtica'' (The Art of Poetry). * Dionysius of Halicarnassus, ''Romaike Archaiologia'' (Roman Antiquities). * Titus Livius (Livy), ''Ab Urbe Condita Libri, History of Rome''. * Valerius Maximus, ''Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium'' (Memorable Facts and Sayings). * Lucius Annaeus Seneca (

), ''Suasoriae'' (Rhetorical Exercises). * Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Seneca the Younger), ''Seneca's Consolations, Ad Marciam, De Consolatione'' (To Marcia, on Consolation), ''De Clementia'' (On Clemency). * Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder), ''Natural History (Pliny), Historia Naturalis'' (Natural History). * Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (Pliny the Younger), ''Epistulae (Pliny), Epistulae'' (Letters). * Sextus Julius Frontinus, ''De aquaeductu, De Aquaeductu'' (On Aqueducts). * Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (

), ''Institutio Oratoria'' (Institutes of Oratory). *

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*Johann Caspar von Orelli, ''Onomasticon Tullianum'', Orell Füssli, Zürich (1826–1838). * Gennaro Riccio, ''Le Monete delle Antiche Famiglie di Roma, Fino allo Imperadore Augusto Inclusivamente Co’Suoi Zecchieri dette Comunemente Consolari'' (The Coins of the Ancient Families of Rome, up to the Emperor Augustus, Including Mintmasters Representing the Consuls), Naples (1836). *''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith (lexicographer), William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849). *Theodor Mommsen ''et alii'', ''Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum'' (The Body of Latin Inscriptions, abbreviated ''CIL''), Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1853–present). *Wilhelm Dittenberger, ''Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum'' (Collection of Greek Inscriptions, abbreviated ''SIG''), Leipzig (1883). * George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897). *Paul von Rohden, Elimar Klebs, & Hermann Dessau, ''Prosopographia Imperii Romani'' (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated ''PIR''), Berlin (1898). *Friedrich Münzer, ''Römische Adelsparteien und Adelsfamilien'' (Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families), Stuttgart, 1920. *Harold Mattingly, Edward A. Sydenham, C. H. V. Sutherland, ''The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. I, from 31 BC to AD 69'', London, Spink & Son, 1923–1984. *Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, T. Robert S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952–1986). * Victor Ehrenberg and A. H. M. Jones, ''Documents Illustrating the Reigns of Augustus & Tiberius'', Clarendon Press, Oxford (2nd ed. 1955). *Jaakko Suolahti, ''The'' ''Roman Censors, a study on social structure'', Helsinki, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia (1963). * Robert K. Sherk,
The Text of the ''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno''
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