A science fiction magazine is a publication that offers primarily

science fiction Science fiction (often shortened to sci-fi or abbreviated SF) is a genre of speculative fiction that deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts. These concepts may include information technology and robotics, biological manipulations, space ...

, either in a hard-copy periodical format or on the Internet. Science fiction magazines traditionally featured

speculative fiction Speculative fiction is an umbrella term, umbrella genre of fiction that encompasses all the subgenres that depart from Realism (arts), realism, or strictly imitating everyday reality, instead presenting fantastical, supernatural, futuristic, or ...

short story A short story is a piece of prose fiction. It can typically be read in a single sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a single effect or mood. The short story is one of the old ...

, novelette,

novella A novella is a narrative prose fiction whose length is shorter than most novels, but longer than most novelettes and short stories. The English word ''novella'' derives from the Italian meaning a short story related to true (or apparently so) ...

or (usually serialized)

novel A novel is an extended work of narrative fiction usually written in prose and published as a book. The word derives from the for 'new', 'news', or 'short story (of something new)', itself from the , a singular noun use of the neuter plural of ...

form, a format that continues into the present day. Many also contain editorials,

book review A book review is a form of literary criticism in which a book is merely described (summary review) or analyzed based on content, style, and merit. A book review may be a primary source, an opinion piece, a summary review, or a scholarly view. B ...

s or articles, and some also include stories in the fantasy and horror genres.

History of science fiction magazines

Malcolm Edwards and Peter Nicholls write that early magazines were not known as science fiction: "if there were any need to differentiate them, the terms

scientific romance Scientific romance is an archaic, mainly British term for the genre of fiction now commonly known as science fiction. The term originated in the 1850s to describe both fiction and elements of scientific writing, but it has since come to refer to ...

or 'different stories' might be used, but until the appearance of a magazine specifically devoted to sf there was no need of a label to describe the category. The first specialized English-language pulps with a leaning towards the fantastic were '' Thrill Book'' (1919) and '' Weird Tales'' (1923), but the editorial policy of both was aimed much more towards weird-occult fiction than towards sf." Major American science fiction magazines include ''

Amazing Stories ''Amazing Stories'' is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction. Science fiction stories had made regular appearance ...

'', ''

Astounding Science Fiction ''Analog Science Fiction and Fact'' is an American science fiction magazine published under various titles since 1930. Originally titled ''Astounding Stories of Super-Science'', the first issue was dated January 1930, published by William C ...

'', '' Galaxy Science Fiction'', ''

The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction ''The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction'' (usually referred to as ''F&SF'') is a U.S. fantasy fiction magazine, fantasy and science-fiction magazine, first published in 1949 by Mystery House, a subsidiary of Lawrence E. Spivak, Lawrence Spiv ...

'' and '' Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine''. The most influential British science fiction magazine was '' New Worlds''; newer British SF magazines include '' Interzone'' and ''Polluto''. Many science fiction magazines have been published in languages other than English, but none has gained worldwide recognition or influence in the world of anglophone science fiction. There is a growing trend toward important work being published first on the

Internet The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ...

, both for reasons of economics and access. A web-only publication can cost as little as one-tenth of the cost of publishing a print magazine, and as a result, some believe the e-zines are more innovative and take greater risks with material. Moreover, the magazine is internationally accessible, and distribution is not an issue—though obscurity may be. Magazines like ''

Strange Horizons ''Strange Horizons'' is an online magazine, online speculative fiction magazine. It also features speculative poetry and non-fiction in every issue, including reviews, essays, interviews, and roundtables. History and profile It was launched in S ...

'', '' Ideomancer'', '' InterGalactic Medicine Show'', '' Jim Baen's Universe'', and the Australian magazine '' Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine'' are examples of successful Internet magazines. (Andromeda provides copies electronically or on paper.) Web-based magazines tend to favor shorter stories and articles that are easily read on a screen, and many of them pay little or nothing to the authors, thus limiting their universe of contributors. However, multiple web-based magazines are listed as "paying markets" by the SFWA, which means that they pay the "professional" rate of 8c/word or more. These magazines include popular titles such as ''

'', '' InterGalactic Medicine Show,'' and '' Clarkesworld Magazine.'' The SFWA publishes a list of qualifying magazine and short fiction venues that contains all current web-based qualifying markets. The World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon) awarded a

Hugo Award The Hugo Award is an annual literary award for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year, given at the World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon) and chosen by its members. The award is administered by th ...

each year to the best science fiction magazine, until that award was changed to one for Best Editor in the early 1970s; the Best Semi-Professional Magazine award can go to either a news-oriented magazine or a small press fiction magazine. Magazines were the only way to publish science fiction until about 1950, when large mainstream publishers began issuing science fiction books. Today, there are relatively few paper-based science fiction magazines, and most printed science fiction appears first in book form. Science fiction magazines began in the United States, but there were several major British magazines and science fiction magazines that have been published around the world, for example in France and

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

The first science fiction magazines

The first science fiction magazine, ''

'', was published in a format known as bedsheet, roughly the size of

Life Life, also known as biota, refers to matter that has biological processes, such as Cell signaling, signaling and self-sustaining processes. It is defined descriptively by the capacity for homeostasis, Structure#Biological, organisation, met ...

but with a square spine. Later, most magazines changed to the

pulp magazine Pulp magazines (also referred to as "the pulps") were inexpensive fiction magazines that were published from 1896 until around 1955. The term "pulp" derives from the Pulp (paper), wood pulp paper on which the magazines were printed, due to their ...

format, roughly the size of

comic books A comic book, comic-magazine, or simply comic is a publication that consists of comics art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panel (comics), panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by descriptive prose and wri ...

or '' National Geographic'' but again with a square spine. Now, most magazines are published in digest format, roughly the size of '' Reader's Digest'', although a few are in the standard roughly 8.5" x 11" size, and often have stapled spines, rather than glued square spines. Science fiction magazines in this format often feature non-fiction media coverage in addition to the fiction. Knowledge of these formats is an asset when locating magazines in libraries and collections where magazines are usually shelved according to size. The premiere issue of ''

'' (April 1926), edited and published by Hugo Gernsback, displayed a cover by Frank R. Paul illustrating '' Off on a Comet'' by

Jules Verne Jules Gabriel Verne (;''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary''. ; 8 February 1828 – 24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet and playwright. His collaboration with the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel led to the creation of the ''Voyages extraor ...

. After many minor changes in title and major changes in format, policy and publisher, ''Amazing Stories'' ended January 2005 after 607 issues. Except for the last issue of ''Stirring Science Stories'', the last true bedsheet size sf (and fantasy) magazine was '' Fantastic Adventures'', in 1939, but it quickly changed to the pulp size, and it was later absorbed by its digest-sized stablemate '' Fantastic'' in 1953. Before that consolidation, it ran 128 issues. Much fiction published in these bedsheet magazines, except for classic reprints by writers such as

H. G. Wells Herbert George Wells (21 September 1866 – 13 August 1946) was an English writer, prolific in many genres. He wrote more than fifty novels and dozens of short stories. His non-fiction output included works of social commentary, politics, hist ...

and

Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe (; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales involving mystery and the macabre. He is widely re ...

, is only of antiquarian interest. Some of it was written by teenage science fiction fans, who were paid little or nothing for their efforts. Jack Williamson for example, was 19 when he sold his first story to ''Amazing Stories''. His writing improved greatly over time, and until his death in 2006, he was still a publishing writer at age 98. Some of the stories in the early issues were by scientists or doctors who knew little or nothing about writing fiction, but who tried their best, for example, David H. Keller. Probably the two best original sf stories ever published in a bedsheet science fiction magazine were " A Martian Odyssey" by Stanley G. Weinbaum and "The Gostak and the Doshes" by Miles Breuer, who influenced Jack Williamson. "The Gostak and the Doshes" is one of the few stories from that era still widely read today. Other stories of interest from the bedsheet magazines include the first Buck Rogers story'', Armageddon 2419 A.D'', by Philip Francis Nowlan, and ''The Skylark of'' S''pace'' by coauthors E. E. Smith and Mrs. Lee Hawkins Garby, both in ''Amazing Stories'' in 1928. There have been a few unsuccessful attempts to revive the bedsheet size using better quality paper, notably '' Science-Fiction Plus'' edited by Hugo Gernsback (1952–53, eight issues). '' Astounding'' on two occasions briefly attempted to revive the bedsheet size, with 16 bedsheet issues in 1942–1943 and 25 bedsheet issues (as '' Analog'', including the first publication of

Frank Herbert Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr. (October 8, 1920February 11, 1986) was an American science-fiction author, best known for his 1965 novel Dune (novel), ''Dune'' and its five sequels. He also wrote short stories and worked as a newspaper journalist, ...

's ''

Dune A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand. It typically takes the form of a mound, ridge, or hill. An area with dunes is called a dune system or a dune complex. A large dune complex is called a dune field, while broad, flat ...

'') in 1963–1965. The fantasy magazine ''

Unknown Unknown or The Unknown may refer to: Film and television Film * The Unknown (1915 comedy film), ''The Unknown'' (1915 comedy film), Australian silent film * The Unknown (1915 drama film), ''The Unknown'' (1915 drama film), American silent drama ...

'', also edited by John W. Campbell, changed its name to ''Unknown Worlds'' and published ten bedsheet-size issues before returning to pulp size for its final four issues. ''

'' published 36 bedsheet size issues in 1991–1999, and its last three issues were bedsheet size, 2004–2005.

The pulp era

'' Astounding Stories'' began in January 1930. After several changes in name and format (''

'', '' Analog Science Fact & Fiction'', '' Analog'') it is still published today (though it ceased to be pulp format in 1943). Its most important editor, John W. Campbell, Jr., is credited with turning science fiction away from adventure stories on alien planets and toward well-written, scientifically literate stories with better characterization than in previous pulp science fiction.

Isaac Asimov Isaac Asimov ( ; – April 6, 1992) was an Russian-born American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University. During his lifetime, Asimov was considered one of the "Big Three" science fiction writers, along with Robert A. H ...

's Foundation Trilogy and Robert A. Heinlein's

Future History A future history, imaginary history or anticipatory history is a fictional conjecture of the future used by authors of science fiction and other speculative fiction to construct a common background for stories. Sometimes the author publishes a t ...

in the 1940s, Hal Clement's ''

Mission of Gravity Mission (from Latin 'the act of sending out'), Missions or The Mission may refer to: Geography Australia *Mission River (Queensland) Canada *Mission, British Columbia, a district municipality *Mission, Calgary, Alberta, a neighbourhood *Ok ...

'' in the 1950s, and

's ''

'' in the 1960s, and many other science fiction classics all first appeared under Campbell's editorship. By 1955, the pulp era was over, and some pulp magazines changed to digest size. Printed adventure stories with colorful heroes were relegated to the comic books. This same period saw the end of radio adventure drama (in the United States). Later attempts to revive both pulp fiction and radio adventure have met with very limited success, but both enjoy a nostalgic following who collect the old magazines and radio programs. Many characters, most notably The Shadow, were popular both in pulp magazines and on radio. Most pulp science fiction consisted of adventure stories transplanted, without much thought, to alien planets. Pulp science fiction is known for clichés such as stereotypical female characters, unrealistic gadgetry, and fantastic monsters of various kinds. However, many classic stories were first published in pulp magazines. For example, in the year 1939, all of the following renowned authors sold their first professional science fiction story to magazines specializing in pulp science fiction:

, Robert A. Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Alfred Bester, Fritz Leiber, A. E. van Vogt and

Theodore Sturgeon Theodore Sturgeon (; born Edward Hamilton Waldo, February 26, 1918 – May 8, 1985) was an American author of primarily fantasy fiction, fantasy, science fiction, and Horror fiction, horror, as well as a critic. He wrote approximately 400 ...

. These were among the most important science fiction writers of the pulp era, and all are still read today.

Digest-sized magazines

After the pulp era, digest size magazines dominated the newsstand. The first sf magazine to change to digest size was ''Astounding'', in 1943. Other major digests, which published more literary science fiction, were ''

'', '' Galaxy Science Fiction'' and '' If''. Under the editorship of Cele Goldsmith, '' Amazing'' and '' Fantastic'' changed in notable part from pulp style adventure stories to literary science fiction and fantasy. Goldsmith published the first professionally published stories by Roger Zelazny (not counting student fiction in '' Literary Cavalcade''), Keith Laumer, Thomas M. Disch, Sonya Dorman and Ursula K. Le Guin. There was also no shortage of digests that continued the pulp tradition of hastily written adventure stories set on other planets. '' Other Worlds'' and '' Imaginative Tales'' had no literary pretensions. The major pulp writers, such as Heinlein, Asimov and Clarke, continued to write for the digests, and a new generation of writers, such as

Algis Budrys Algirdas Jonas "Algis" Budrys (January 9, 1931 – June 9, 2008) was a Lithuanian-American science fiction author, copy editing, editor and critic. He was also known under the pen names Frank Mason, Alger Rome in collaboration with Jerome ...

and Walter M. Miller, Jr., sold their most famous stories to the digests. '' A Canticle for Leibowitz,'' written by Walter M. Miller, Jr., was first published in ''The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction''. Most digest magazines began in the 1950s, in the years between the film '' Destination Moon'', the first major science fiction film in a decade, and the launching of

Sputnik Sputnik 1 (, , ''Satellite 1''), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space progra ...

, which sparked a new interest in space travel as a real possibility. Most survived only a few issues. By 1960, in the United States, there were only six sf digests on newsstands, in 1970 there were seven, in 1980 there were five, in 1990 only four and in 2000 only three.

Around the world

British science fiction magazines

The first British science fiction magazine was '' Tales of Wonder'', pulp size, 1937–1942, 16 issues, (unless '' Scoops'' is taken into account, a tabloid boys' paper that published 20 weekly issues in 1934). It was followed by two magazines, both named ''Fantasy'', one pulp size publishing three issues in 1938–1939, the other digest size, publishing three issues in 1946–1947. The British science fiction magazine, '' New Worlds'', published three pulp size issues in 1946–1947, before changing to digest size. With these exceptions, the pulp phenomenon, like the comic book, was largely a US format. By 2007, the only surviving major British science fiction magazine is '' Interzone'', published in "magazine" format, although small press titles such as '' PostScripts'' and '' Polluto'' are available.

Transition from print to online science fiction magazines

During recent decades, the circulation of all digest science fiction magazines has steadily decreased. New formats were attempted, most notably the slick-paper stapled magazine format, the paperback format and the webzine. There are also various semi-professional magazines that persist on sales of a few thousand copies but often publish important fiction. As the circulation of the traditional US science fiction magazines has declined, new magazines have sprung up online from international small-press publishers. An editor on the staff of '' Science Fiction World'', China's longest-running science fiction magazine, claimed in 2009 that, with "a circulation of 300,000 copies per issue", it was "the World's most-read SF periodical", although subsequent news suggests that circulation dropped precipitously after the firing of its chief editor in 2010 and the departure of other editors. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America lists science fiction periodicals that pay enough to be considered professional markets.

List of current magazines

For a complete list, including defunct magazines, see List of science fiction magazines.

American magazines

* '' Abyss & Apex Magazine'', 2003–present * ''

Analog Science Fiction and Fact ''Analog Science Fiction and Fact'' is an American science fiction magazine published under various titles since 1930. Originally titled ''Astounding Stories of Super-Science'', the first issue was dated January 1930, published by William Cla ...

'' (a.k.a. ''Astounding Stories'', ''Astounding Science-Fiction'' and ''Analog Science Fact & Fiction''), 1930–present * '' Apex Magazine'', 2005–present * '' Aphelion the Webzine of Science Fiction and Fantasy'', 1997–present * ''Ares Magazine'' (New Edition)'','' 2017–present (Based on defunct magazine

Ares Ares (; , ''Árēs'' ) is the List of Greek deities, Greek god of war god, war and courage. He is one of the Twelve Olympians, and the son of Zeus and Hera. The Greeks were ambivalent towards him. He embodies the physical valor necessary for ...

) * '' Asimov's Science Fiction'' (a.k.a. ''Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine''), 1977–present * '' Bards and Sages Quarterly'', 2009–present * '' Bull Spec'', 2009–present * '' Clarkesworld Magazine'', 2006–present * '' Compelling Science Fiction'', 2016–present * '' Daily Science Fiction'', 2010–present * '' Escape Pod'', 2005–present, fiction podcast and online * '' FIYAH Literary Magazine'', 2016-present * '' The Future Fire'', 2005–present, US/UK * '' Galaxy's Edge Magazine'', 2013–present * '' GUD Magazine'' 2006–present, print/pdf * ''Hypnos'', 2012–present *
Illuminations of the Fantastic
' (online, 2020–current) * '' InterGalactic Medicine Show'', 2005–2019 * '' Leading Edge'' (a.k.a. ''The Leading Edge Magazine of Science Fiction and Fantasy''), 1981–present * ''Lightspeed'', 2010–present * '' Locus: The Magazine of The Science Fiction & Fantasy Field'', 1968–present * ''

'' (a.k.a. ''The Magazine of Fantasy''), 1949–present * '' Nebula Rift'', 2012–present * ''

Not one of us ''Not One Of Us'' is a small press Horror fiction magazine, horror and science fiction magazine published in Massachusetts, USA, four times a year. The first issue appeared in October 1986. The theme is "people or things out of place in their s ...

'', 1986–present * '' Perihelion Science Fiction'', 1967–1969, revived 2012–present * '' Planet Magazine'', 1994–present * '' Planetary Stories'', 2005–present * '' Quantum Muse E-Zine'', 1997–present * '' Reactor (magazine)'' (formerly ''Tor.com''), 2008–present * '' Shimmer Magazine'', 2005–2018 * '' Space Adventure Magazine'', 2011–present * '' Space and Time Magazine'', 1966–present * ''

'', 2000–present * '' Three-lobed Burning Eye'', 1999–present * ''

Uncanny Magazine ''Uncanny Magazine'' is an American science fiction magazine, science fiction and Fantasy fiction magazine, fantasy online magazine founded by publishing editors Lynne M. Thomas and Michael Damian Thomas. History First issued in 2014, the pu ...

'', 2014–present * '' Unfit Magazine'', 2018–present * '' Waylines Magazine'', 2013–present – US/Japan * '' Weird Tales'', 1923–1954, revived 1988–present

British magazines

* '' Arc'', 2012–present * ''

Doctor Who Magazine ''Doctor Who Magazine'' (abbreviated as ''DWM'') is a magazine devoted to the British science fiction television series ''Doctor Who''. Launched in 1979 as ''Doctor Who Weekly'', the magazine became a monthly publication the following year. In ...

'', 1979–present * ''Fever Dreams Magazine'', online publication 2012–present * '' The Future Fire'', 2005–present – US/UK * '' Interzone'', 1982–present * '' SFX'', 1995–present * '' Starburst'', 1977–present

Other magazines

* '' Albedo One'', 1993–present, Ireland * '' Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine'', 2002–present, Australia * '' Aurealis'', 1990–present, Australia * '' Fantastyka'' (also known as ''Nowa Fantastyka''), 1982–present,

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

* '' Futura'', 1992–present,

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

* '' Galaktika'', 1972–1995, revived 2004–present,

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

* '' Helice'', 2006–present,

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

Latin America Latin America is the cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken, primarily Spanish language, Spanish and Portuguese language, Portuguese. Latin America is defined according to cultural identity, not geogr ...

* '' Kalpabiswa'', 2016–present,

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

* '' Mir Fantastiki'', 2003–present, Russia * '' Mithila Review'', 2016–present,

* '' Neo-opsis Science Fiction Magazine'', 2003–present, Canada (English) * '' NewFoundSpecFic'', 2009–present, Canada (English) * '' Nova Science Fiction'', 1982–1987, revived 2004–present, Sweden * '' On Spec'', 1989–present, Canada (English) * '' Quarber Merkur'', Austria * '' Portti'', 1982–present,

Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...

* '' RBG-Azimuth'', 2006–present,

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

* '' Science Fiction World'', 1979–present, China * '' Sci Phi Journal'', 2014–present, Belgium * '' SF Magazine'', 1959–present, Japan * '' Sirius B'', 2011–present, Croatia * '' Solaris'', 1974–present, Canada (French) * '' Tähtivaeltaja'', 1982–present, Finland * '' Ubiq'', 2007–present, Croatia * '' Universe Pathways'', 2005–present,

Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...

* '' Urania'', 1952–present, Italy * '' Usva webzine'', 2005–present, Finland

References

Sources

Several sources give updates on the state of science fiction magazines.

Gardner Dozois Gardner Raymond Dozois ( ; July 23, 1947 – May 27, 2018) was an American science fiction author and editor. He was the founding editor of '' The Year's Best Science Fiction'' anthologies (1984–2018) and was editor of '' Asimov's Science Fict ...

presents a summary of the state of magazines in the introduction to the annual '' The Year's Best Science Fiction'' volume. '' Locus'' lists the circulation and discusses the status of pro and semi-pro SF magazines in their February year-in-review issue, and runs periodic summaries of non-US science fiction. * Day, Donald B., ''Index to the Science Fiction Magazines: 1926–1950'', Perri Press, 1952. * Strauss, Erwin S., ''The MIT Science Fiction Society's Index to the S-F Magazines: 1951–1965'', MITSFS, 1965. * Clute, John and Nicholls, Peter, ''The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'',

St. Martin's Press St. Martin's Press is a book publisher headquartered in Manhattan in New York City. It is headquartered in the Equitable Building (New York City), Equitable Building. St. Martin's Press is considered one of the largest English-language publishe ...

, 1993. * Knight, Damon, ''Science Fiction in the 30s'', Avon Books, 1977. * Asimov, Isaac and Greenberg, Martin H., ''Isaac Asimov presents Great Science Fiction Stories of 1939'', DAW Books, 1979.

External links

Website for ''Locus'', the newsmagazine of the science fiction field
* Illustrated checklists for over 1000 SF/fantasy/horror magazines

Duotrope
– search engine for fiction magazine markets
Howard and Jane Frank Collection of Science Fiction Pulp Magazines
at the University of Maryland Libraries
Early Science Fiction Pulp Magazines: Resources in Special Collections
at

Michigan State University Libraries Michigan State University Libraries (MSU Libraries) is the academic library system of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan, United States. The library system comprises nine branch locations including the Main Library. As of 2021� ...

The Pulp Magazines Project

– information on fan contributions, letters, artwork, scans of all the covers, and a complete archive of Ken Slater's book review columns {{DEFAULTSORT:Science Fiction Magazine Science fiction webzines