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The Schwedenschanze (Zuflucht) is a former schanze in Bad Peterstal-Griesbach in the
The Schwedenschanze was built during the
Relief map of the Schwedenschanze
Black Forest Hill forts in Germany
Black Forest
The Black Forest ( ) is a large forested mountain range in the States of Germany, state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is th ...
in Southern Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
.
It is located on the L 402, the "Oppenauer Steige", which branches off from the B 500 ( Black Forest High Road). Another redoubt which is geographically close to the Schwedenschanze is the Röschenschanze.
Etymology
The name ''Schwedenschanze'' (literally 'Swedish redoubt') dates back to Swedish troops as erectors. Many redoubts from this time carry this name. ''Zuflucht'' is a village which belongs to the municipality Bad Peterstal-Griesbach.History
The Schwedenschanze was built during the Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine ...
in 1632/1633 and is the oldest schanze on the top of the pass at the Zuflucht. It consisted of a square with bulwarks at the corners and was designed for a crew of 400 to 500 men. It was supposed to secure the Oppenauer Steige from above, but it was unfavorably laid out because the opponent could approach the hill unseen due to the surrounding forests and hilly terrain.
The Württemberg field camp in front of the Refuge Hotel, which would later be known as the Schwedenschanze, has its origins in 1593 at the time of the Strasbourg Bishops' War. The Duke of Württemberg had the western border of his country guarded by a permanent garrison
A garrison is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a military base or fortified military headquarters.
A garrison is usually in a city ...
stationed in the field camp. Many references in old maps and sources suggest that this encampment was in the same place as the Schwedenschanze.
See also
*Redoubt
A redoubt (historically redout) is a Fortification, fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on Earthworks (engineering), earthworks, although some are constructed of ston ...
* Schanze
References
{{reflistExternal links
Relief map of the Schwedenschanze
Black Forest Hill forts in Germany