''Schroederia'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

green algae The green algae (: green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic eukaryotes consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister group that contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/ Streptophyta. The land plants ...

in the family Schroederiaceae. Schroederiaceae is a

monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...

taxon; ''Schroederia'' is its only genus. The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle. * Circum ...

by Ernst Johann Lemmermann in Hedwigia vol.37 on page 311 in 1898. The genus name of ''Schroederia'' is in honour of Ludwig Julius Bruno Schröder (1867–1928), who was a German teacher,

botanist Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ...

(Algology and Bryology), also

Hydrobiologist Hydrobiology is the science of life and life processes in water. Much of modern hydrobiology can be viewed as a sub-discipline of ecology but the sphere of hydrobiology includes taxonomy, economic and industrial biology, morphology, and physiolog ...

and

Zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the structure, embryology, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. Zoology is one ...

. He worked as a deputy head teacher in Breslau.

Description

''Schroederia'' consists of solitary cells that are needle- or spindle-shaped. They may be straight or curved. The cells end in long spines; at one end the spine may be bifurcated. Cells contain a single parietal

chloroplast A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle, organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant cell, plant and algae, algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which captur ...

and one or several

pyrenoid Pyrenoids are sub-cellular phase-separated micro-compartments found in chloroplasts of many algae,Giordano, M., Beardall, J., & Raven, J. A. (2005). CO2 concentrating mechanisms in algae: mechanisms, environmental modulation, and evolution. ''An ...

s. As the cell matures, it develops multiple parietal chloroplasts along its long axis. Cells have one

nucleus Nucleus (: nuclei) is a Latin word for the seed inside a fruit. It most often refers to: *Atomic nucleus, the very dense central region of an atom *Cell nucleus, a central organelle of a eukaryotic cell, containing most of the cell's DNA Nucleu ...

(uninucleate) when young but may become multinucleate. Species are distinguished from one another by their overall shape and size.

Reproduction

''Schroederia'' reproduces excusively by asexual means. ''Schroederia'' produces

zoospore A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion in aqueous or moist environments. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves. Certain zoospores are ...

s with two

flagella A flagellum (; : flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores ( zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many pr ...

, which are released when the mother cell's wall tears open. Zoospores contain a single

contractile vacuole A contractile vacuole (CV) is a sub-cellular structure (organelle) involved in osmoregulation. It is found predominantly in protists, including unicellular algae. It was previously known as pulsatile or pulsating vacuole. Overview The contrac ...

and a cup-shaped chloroplast with a single pyrenoid.

Distribution

''Schroederia'' is commonly found in as

phytoplankton Phytoplankton () are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater Aquatic ecosystem, ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek language, Greek words (), meaning 'plant', and (), mea ...

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. The term excludes seawater and brackish water, but it does include non-salty mi ...

habitats. It has an essentially

cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of the Earth, in appropriate habitats; most cosmopolitan species are known to be highly adaptable to a range of climatic and en ...

, being found in tropical and temperate habitats worldwide.

Species

As accepted by

AlgaeBase AlgaeBase is a global species database of information on all groups of algae, both seaweed, marine and freshwater algae, freshwater, as well as sea-grass. History AlgaeBase began in March 1996, founded by Michael D. Guiry, Michael Guiry. Text ...

; * '' Schroederia ecsediensis'' * '' Schroederia indica'' * '' Schroederia nitzschioides'' * '' Schroederia planctonica'' * '' Schroederia setigera'' * '' Schroederia spiralis'' Former species; * ''S. ancora'' accepted as ''

Ankyra ancora ''Ankyra'' is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae. This genus of algae is closely related to ''Atractomorpha (alga), Atractomorpha'' and ''Sphaeroplea''. They are found in stagnant waters. ''Ankyra'' consists of single cells that ...

'' (synonym) * ''S. antillarum'' accepted as '' Pseudoschroederia antillarum'' (synonym) * ''S. belonophora'' as '' Centritractus belenophorus'' (synonym) * ''S. judayi'' accepted as '' Ankyra judayi'' * ''S. robusta'' accepted as '' Pseudoschroederia robusta'' (synonym)

References

External links

AlgaTerra database

Index Nominum Genericorum
Sphaeropleales genera Sphaeropleales Freshwater algae {{Chlorophyceae-stub