''Schizothorax'' is a genus of cyprinid fish found in southern and western China, through northern South Asia (Himalaya) and Central Asia, to Iran, with a single species, ''S. prophylax'', in Turkey.Yang, J.; J.X. Yang; and X.Y. Chen (2012). "A re-examination of the molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the genus ''Schizothorax'' (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) through enhanced sampling, with emphasis on the species in the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, China". ''Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research'' 50(3). Coad, B.W.; and N.K.d. Ville (2004). "On the systematics and distribution of the snow trout ''Schizothorax pelzami'' Kessler, 1870, in Iran (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae)". ''Zoology in the Middle East'' 32(1): 57-62. They are primarily found in highland rivers, streams and lakes, although a few species occur in lower-lying locations, like Lake Balkhash and lakes of the Sistan Basin.Coad, B.; and J. Hales (2008)
"Helmand - Sistan"
''Freshwater Ecoregions of the World''. Retrieved 18 May 2019. Their scientific name means "cloven-breast", from Ancient Greek () 'to cleave' and () 'breast-plate' (see also thorax). The western species are typically referred to as ''marinkas'' from their Russian (language), Russian name (), while the eastern species are usually called snowtrout. Although they do resemble trouts in Morphology (biology), habitus this is merely due to convergent evolution and they are by no means closely related apart from both being Teleostei: Cyprinids are in the teleost superorder Ostariophysi, while trouts are in the superorder Protacanthopterygii. Their ancestors must thus have diverged as early as the Triassic, more than 200 million years ago. ''Schizothorax'' is classified within the subfamily Schizotharcinae, the snow barbels, within the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs and related fishes> This grouping was formerly thought to include the mountain barbels now classified in the subfamily Schizopygopsinae.

Species

These are the currently recognized species in this genus: * ''Schizothorax argentatus'' Karl Kessler, Kessler, 1874 (Balkhash marinka) * ''Schizothorax beipanensis'' Yang Jian (ichthyologist), J. Yang, Chen Xiao-Yong, X. Y. Chen & Yang Jun-Xing, J. X. Yang, 2009 * ''Schizothorax biddulphi'' Albert Günther, Günther, 1876 * ''Schizothorax chivae'' Laifrakpam Arun Kumar, Arunkumar & Wanglar Alphonsa Moyon, Moyon, 2016 * ''Schizothorax chongi'' (Fang Ping-Wen, P. W. Fang, 1936) * ''Schizothorax cryptolepis'' Fu Tian-You, T. Y. Fu & Ye Miao-Rong, M. R. Ye, 1984 * ''Schizothorax curvilabiatus'' (Wu & Tsao, W. -H., W.-H. Tsao, 1992) * ''Schizothorax dainellii'' Decio Vinciguerra, Vinciguerra, 1916 * ''Schizothorax davidi'' (Henri Émile Sauvage, Sauvage, 1880) * ''Schizothorax dolichonema'' Solomon Herzenstein, Herzenstein, 1889 * ''Schizothorax dulongensis'' Huang Shun-You, S. Y. Huang, 1985 * ''Schizothorax edenianus'' John McClelland (doctor), McClelland, 1842 * ''Schizothorax elongatus'' S. Y. Huang, 1985 * ''Schizothorax esocinus'' Johann Jakob Heckel, Heckel, 1838 (Chirruh snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax eurystomus'' Kessler, 1872 * ''Schizothorax fedtschenkoi'' Kessler, 1872 * ''Schizothorax gongshanensis'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax grahami'' (Charles Tate Regan, Regan, 1904) * ''Schizothorax griseus'' Jacques Pellegrin, Pellegrin, 1931 * ''Schizothorax gulinensis'' Ding Ruihia, R. H. Ding, Dai Yuanxing, X. Y. Dai & Huang Wuyong, W. Y. Huang, 2022 * ''Schizothorax heteri'' J. Yang, Zheng Lan-Ping, L. P. Zheng, ZX. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2013 * ''Schizothorax heterochilus'' Ye Miao-Rong, M. R. Ye & T. Y. Fu, 1986 * ''Schizothorax heterophysallidos'' J. Yang, X. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2009 * ''Schizothorax huegelii'' Heckel, 1838 * ''Schizothorax integrilabiatus'' (Wu Yun-Fei, Y. F. Wu et al., 1992) * ''Schizothorax intermedius'' McClelland & William Griffith (botanist), Griffith, 1842 * ''Schizothorax kozlovi'' Alexander Nikolsky, Nikolskii, 1903 * ''Schizothorax kumaonensis'' Ambat Gopalan Kutty Menon, Menon, 1971 (Kumaon snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax labiatus'' (McClelland, 1842) (Kunar snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax labrosus'' Wang You-Huai, Y. H. Wang, Zhuang Da-Dong, D. D. Zhuang & Gao Li-Cun, L. C. Gao, 1981 * ''Schizothorax lantsangensis'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax lepidothorax'' J. X. Yang, 1991 * ''Schizothorax leukus'' J. Yang, L. P. Zheng, X. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2013 * ''Schizothorax lissolabiatus'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax longibarbus'' (P. W. Fang, 1936) * ''Schizothorax macrophthalmus'' Akira Terashima, Terashima, 1984 (Nepalese snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax macropogon'' Regan, 1905 * ''Schizothorax malacathus'' S. Y. Huang, 1985 * ''Schizothorax meridionalis'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax microcephalus'' Francis Day, F. Day, 1877 * ''Schizothorax microstomus'' S. Y. Huang, 1982 * ''Schizothorax molesworthi'' (Banawari Lal Chaudhuri, B. L. Chaudhuri, 1913) (Blunt-nosed snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax myzostomus'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax nasus'' Johann Jakob Heckel, Heckel, 1838 (Dongu snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax nepalensis'' Terashima, 1984 * ''Schizothorax niger'' Heckel, 1838 (Alghad snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax ninglangensis'' Y. H. Wang, Zhang Kai-Xiang, K. X. Zhang & D. D. Zhuang, 1981 * ''Schizothorax nudiventris'' J. Yang, X. Y. Chen & J. X. Yang, 2009 * ''Schizothorax nukiangensis'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax oconnori'' Richard E. Lloyd, Lloyd, 1908 * ''Schizothorax oligolepis'' S. Y. Huang, 1985 * ''Schizothorax parvus'' W.-H. Tsao, 1964 * ''Schizothorax pelzami'' Kessler, 1870 (Transcaspian marinka) * ''Schizothorax plagiostomus'' Heckel, 1838 * ''Schizothorax prenanti'' (Tchang Tchung-Lin, T. L. Tchang, 1930) * ''Schizothorax progastus'' (McClelland, 1839) (Dinnawah snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax pseudoaksaiensis'' Herzenstein, 1889 (Ili marinka) * ''Schizothorax puncticulatus'' Zhang Chunguang, C. G. Zhang, Y. H. Zhao & C. Y. Niu, 2019 * ''Schizothorax ramzani'' (Muhammad Naeem Javed, Javed, Aziz Ullah, Ullah & Khalid Pervaiz, Pervaiz, 2012) * ''Schizothorax raraensis'' Terashima, 1984 (Rara snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax richardsonii'' (John Edward Gray, J. E. Gray, 1832) (Common snowtrout) * ''Schizothorax rotundimaxillaris'' Y. F. Wu & Wu Cui-Zhen, C. Z. Wu, 1992 * †''Schizothorax saltans'' Regan, 1905 * ''Schizothorax sinensis'' Herzenstein, 1889 * ''Schizothorax skarduensis'' Muhammad Ramzan Mirza, Mirza & A. A. Awan, 1978 * ''Schizothorax taliensis'' Regan, 1907 * ''Schizothorax waltoni'' Regan, 1905 * ''Schizothorax wangchiachii'' (P. W. Fang, 1936) * ''Schizothorax yunnanensis'' John Roxborough Norman, Norman, 1923 * ''Schizothorax zarudnyi'' (Nikolskii, 1897)

References

{{Authority control Schizothorax, Schizothoracinae Cyprinidae genera Taxa named by Johann Jakob Heckel Cyprinid fish of Asia