''Schinopsis'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, e.g., including only woody plants with secondary growth, only ...

s in the family

Anacardiaceae The Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, are a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce ...

, also known by the common names quebracho, quebracho colorado and red quebracho. In Brazil it is known as ''baraúna'' or ''braúna''.

Description

The

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

within this genus inhabit different regions of the

Gran Chaco The Gran Chaco or simply Chaco is a sparsely populated, hot and semiarid lowland tropical dry broadleaf forest natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a portion o ...

ecoregion including parts of northern

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...

, and

Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...

. In Brazil it can be found as a component of the

Caatinga Caatinga () is a type of semi-arid tropical vegetation, and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in interior northeastern Brazil. The name "Caatinga" comes from the Tupi word '' ka'atinga'', meaning "white forest" or "white vegetat ...

in the northwestern region. The name is in recognition of the hardness of the

wood Wood is a structural tissue/material found as xylem in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic materiala natural composite of cellulosic fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin t ...

from the

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...

''quiebra-hacha'' ("

axe An axe (; sometimes spelled ax in American English; American and British English spelling differences#Miscellaneous spelling differences, see spelling differences) is an implement that has been used for thousands of years to shape, split, a ...

-breaker"). It also distinguishes the species from the "white ''quebracho''" trees of the unrelated genus ''

Aspidosperma ''Aspidosperma'' is a genus of flowering plant in the Dogbane family (biology), family (Apocynaceae), first described as a genus in 1824. It is native to South America, Central America, southern Mexico, and the West Indies. One Central American ...

''. ''Schinopsis'' is the exclusive food plant of the

moth Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not Butterfly, butterflies. They were previously classified as suborder Heterocera, but the group is Paraphyly, paraphyletic with respect to butterflies (s ...

Coleophora haywardi ''Coleophora haywardi'' is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is known from South America, including Argentina. ''Schinopsis ''Schinopsis'' is a genus of South American trees in the family Anacardiaceae, also known by the common names que ...

''.

Species

* ''

Schinopsis balansae ''Schinopsis balansae'' is a hardwood tree known as willow-leaf red quebracho which forms forests in the subtropical Humid Chaco ecoregion of north-eastern Argentina, and Paraguay. It is also found in the wild Pantanal vegetation in Brazil. Some ...

'' (common name: ''quebracho colorado chaqueño'') * ''

Schinopsis boqueronensis ''Schinopsis'' is a genus of South American trees in the family Anacardiaceae, also known by the common names quebracho, quebracho colorado and red quebracho. In Brazil it is known as ''baraúna'' or ''braúna''. Description The species within t ...

'' * ''

Schinopsis brasiliensis ''Schinopsis brasiliensis'' is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family known by the common names ''baraúna'' or ''braúna''.Cardoso, M. P., et al. (2005)A new alkyl phenol from ''Schinopsis brasiliensis''.''Natural Product Research'' ...

'' * ''

Schinopsis cornuta ''Schinopsis'' is a genus of South American trees in the family Anacardiaceae, also known by the common names quebracho, quebracho colorado and red quebracho. In Brazil it is known as ''baraúna'' or ''braúna''. Description The species within t ...

'' * ''

Schinopsis haenkeana ''Schinopsis haenkeana'' is a species of plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is found in Argentina and Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country f ...

'' * ''

Schinopsis heterophylla ''Schinopsis heterophylla'', the ''quebracho colorado mestizo'', is a South American tree species in the genus ''Schinopsis''. It is native to the Gran Chaco region of Paraguay and northeastern Argentina Argentina, officially the Argenti ...

'' (common name: ''Quebracho colorado mestizo'') * ''

Schinopsis lorentzii ''Schinopsis lorentzii'' is a species of flowering plant in the family ''Anacardiaceae''. It is a hardwood tree known as red quebracho, native of the Paraguayan subtropical area, which forms forests in Gran Chaco region of Argentina, in Paraguay ...

'' , synonym ''S. quebracho-colorado'' (common name: ''quebracho colorado santiagueño'') * ''

Schinopsis marginata ''Schinopsis'' is a genus of South American trees in the family Anacardiaceae, also known by the common names quebracho, quebracho colorado and red quebracho. In Brazil it is known as ''baraúna'' or ''braúna''. Description The species within t ...

'' * ''

Schinopsis peruviana ''Schinopsis'' is a genus of South American trees in the family Anacardiaceae, also known by the common names quebracho, quebracho colorado and red quebracho. In Brazil it is known as ''baraúna'' or ''braúna''. Description The species within t ...

Uses

The timber is used in furniture and on railroads due to its durability.

References

Anacardiaceae genera Taxa named by Adolf Engler Flora of Southern America {{Anacardiaceae-stub