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A or (
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
, "coat of shame" or "barrel of shame"), sometimes also Spanish coat, is a
torture device Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, or intimidating third parties. Some definitions restrict torture to ac ...
which came into use in the 13th century. were fashioned from wood and sometimes lined with sheet metal. Victims were made to wear this device in public where they would be insulted, humiliated and have rotten vegetables thrown at them. The was mostly used as punishment for
poachers Poaching is the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights. Poaching was once performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and to supplement meager diets. It was set against the hunti ...
and
prostitute Prostitution is a type of sex work that involves engaging in sexual activity in exchange for payment. The definition of "sexual activity" varies, and is often defined as an activity requiring physical contact (e.g., sexual intercourse, non-pe ...
s. The use of the was comparable to the (
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
) or (
Dutch Dutch or Nederlands commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands ** Dutch people as an ethnic group () ** Dutch nationality law, history and regulations of Dutch citizenship () ** Dutch language () * In specific terms, i ...
), heavy stones weighing down from the neck. The was weighted along the lower rim and around the neck opening as a way of
corporal punishment A corporal punishment or a physical punishment is a punishment which is intended to cause physical pain to a person. When it is inflicted on Minor (law), minors, especially in home and school settings, its methods may include spanking or Padd ...
in addition to the severe
public humiliation Public humiliation or public shaming is a form of punishment whose main feature is dishonoring or disgracing a person, usually an offender or a prisoner, especially in a public place. It was regularly used as a form of judicially sanctioned puni ...
it posed. The 19th-century development of the
iron maiden Iron Maiden are an English Heavy metal music, heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris (musician), Steve Harris. Although fluid in the early years of the band, the line-up for most ...
may have been a misinterpretation of the function of the .


See also

* Bankruptcy barrel *
Drunkard's cloak A drunkard's cloak was a type of pillory used in various jurisdictions to punish miscreants. Description The drunkard's cloak was actually a barrel, into the top of which a hole was made for the head to pass through. Two smaller holes in the ...


Further reading

*{{cite book , last=Schild , first=Wolfgang , title=Die eiserne Jungfrau. Dichtung und Wahrheit , series=Schriftenreihe des Mittelalterlichen Kriminalmuseums Rothenburg o.d.Tauber , volume=3 , location=Rothenburg o.d.Tauber , year=2000 , language=de Medieval instruments of torture Modern instruments of torture European instruments of torture Physical restraint German words and phrases