The scaldfishes comprise a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

, ''Arnoglossus'', of

lefteye flounder Bothidae or lefteye flounders are a family of flounders. They are called "lefteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their right sides, with both eyes on their left sides. The family is also distinguished by the presence of ...

s. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

and

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...

. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exceptions are ''A. coeruleosticta'' and ''A. multirastris'' found off

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...

. The genus include both species found in shallow and deeper water. The largest species reaches . in length.

Species

The 37 currently recognized species are: * ''

Arnoglossus andrewsi The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' Kurth, 1954 * ''

Arnoglossus arabicus The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 9th and 10th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norma ...

, 1939 (Arabian flounder) * ''

Arnoglossus armstrongi The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exceptions ...

'' E. O. G. Scott, 1975 * ''

Arnoglossus aspilos The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' ( Bleeker, 1851) (spotless lefteye flounder) * ''

Arnoglossus bassensis The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

, 1926 (Bass Strait flounder) * ''

Arnoglossus boops The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' (

Hector In Greek mythology, Hector (; , ) was a Trojan prince, a hero and the greatest warrior for Troy during the Trojan War. He is a major character in Homer's ''Iliad'', where he leads the Trojans and their allies in the defense of Troy, killing c ...

, 1875) * ''

Arnoglossus brunneus The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' ( Fowler, 1934) (brown lefteye flounder) * ''

Arnoglossus capensis The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' Boulenger, 1898 (Cape scaldfish) * ''

Arnoglossus coeruleosticta The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...

, 1898) * ''

Arnoglossus dalgleishi The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' ( von Bonde, 1922) (east coast flounder) * ''

Arnoglossus debilis The scaldfishes comprise a genus, ''Arnoglossus'', of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exception ...

'' ( C. H. Gilbert, 1905) (weak lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus elongatus'' M. C. W. Weber, 1913 (long lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus fisoni'' J. D. Ogilby, 1898 (Fison's lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus grohmanni'' ( Bonaparte, 1837) * '' Arnoglossus imperialis'' (

Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; 22 October 178318 September 1840) was a French early 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ult ...

, 1810) (imperial scaldfish) * '' Arnoglossus japonicus'' C. L. Hubbs, 1915 (Japanese lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus kessleri'' P. J. Schmidt, 1915 (scaldback) * '' Arnoglossus kotthausi'' Klausewitz & Schneider, 1986 * ''

Arnoglossus laterna The Mediterranean scaldfish (''Arnoglossus laterna''), also known as the scaldfish, is a species of benthic left eyed flatfish belonging to the family Bothidae. It is found in the eastern Atlantic of Europe and Africa as well as the Mediterranean ...

'' ( Walbaum, 1792) (Mediterranean scaldfish) * '' Arnoglossus macrolophus''

Alcock Alcock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Alfred William Alcock, British naturalist * C. W. Alcock, British sports administrator, creator of the FA Cup * Charles R. Alcock, American astronomer * Deborah Alcock, British auth ...

, 1889 (large-crested lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus marisrubri'' Klausewitz & M. Schneider, 1986 * '' Arnoglossus micrommatus'' Amaoka, M. Arai & M. F. Gomon, 1997 * '' Arnoglossus muelleri'' ( Klunzinger, 1872) (Müller's flounder) * '' Arnoglossus multirastris'' Parin, 1983 * '' Arnoglossus nigrifrons'' Amaoka & Mihara, 2000 * '' Arnoglossus nigrofilamentosus'' Fricke, Golani & Appelbaum-Golani, 2017 (Filamentous flounder) * '' Arnoglossus oxyrhynchus'' Amaoka, 1969 (sharp-snout lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus polyspilus'' ( Günther, 1880) (many-spotted lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus rueppelii'' ( Cocco, 1844) (Rüppell's scaldback) * '' Arnoglossus sayaensis'' Amaoka & Imamura, 1990 * '' Arnoglossus scapha'' ( J. R. Forster, 1801) * '' Arnoglossus septemventralis'' Amaoka & Mihara, 2000 * '' Arnoglossus tapeinosoma'' ( Bleeker, 1865) (drab flounder) * '' Arnoglossus tenuis'' Günther, 1880 (dwarf lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus thori'' Kyle, 1913 (Thor's scaldfish) * '' Arnoglossus waitei''

, 1926 (Waite's lefteye flounder) * '' Arnoglossus yamanakai'' Fukui, Yamada & Ozawa, 1988

References

Bothidae Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker {{Pleuronectiformes-stub