Sayyid ''Sayyid'' is an honorific title of Hasanid and Husaynid lineage, recognized as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima and Ali's sons Hasan ibn Ali, Hasan and Husayn ibn Ali, Husayn. The title may also refer ...

Mohammed Hassan al-Sadr (; 7 January 1882 – 3 April 1956) was an Iraqi

Shi'ite Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood to ...

statesman A statesman or stateswoman is a politician or a leader in an organization who has had a long and respected career at the national or international level, or in a given field. Statesman or statesmen may also refer to: Newspapers United States ...

.Yaacov Shimoni, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Middle East'', 1991, p.202 He served as

Prime Minister of Iraq The prime minister of the Republic of Iraq is the head of government of Iraq and the commander-in-chief of the Iraqi Armed Forces. On 27 October 2022, Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani became the incumbent prime minister. History The prime minist ...

from 29 January 1948 to 26 June 1948.

Life

He was born in 1882 to the notable Shia jurist, Sayyid Hassan bin Hadi bin Muhammad-Ali al-Sadr in

Baghdad Baghdad ( or ; , ) is the capital and List of largest cities of Iraq, largest city of Iraq, located along the Tigris in the central part of the country. With a population exceeding 7 million, it ranks among the List of largest cities in the A ...

. A member of the prominent Sadr family, claiming descent from

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

, he received a traditional Islamic education. An active

Arab nationalist Arab nationalism () is a political ideology asserting that Arabs constitute a single nation. As a traditional nationalist ideology, it promotes Arab culture and civilization, celebrates Arab history, the Arabic language and Arabic literatur ...

before

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, in 1919/20 he founded the nationalist party National Guard (al-Haras al-Watani) and helped organize the Iraqi revolt against the British. Escaping arrest by fleeing to

Najd Najd is a Historical region, historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in Al-Jawf Province, al-Jawf to the north, ...

, he subsequently returned to Iraq. He was appointed to the Senate of Iraq, and served as its President from November 1929 to February 1937, and from December 1937 to December 1943. In January 1948 the signing of the Portsmouth treaty led to the Al-Wathbah uprising and the fall of Salih Jabr's government. As-Sadr became Prime Minister for five months. Though he never returned to executive office, he served as President of the Senate again in 1948. He died on 3 April 1956.

References

1882 births 1956 deaths Prime ministers of Iraq Presidents of the Senate of Iraq Iraqi Shia Muslims {{Iraq-politician-stub