Sapindoideae is a
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the
soapberry family,
Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include Aesculus, horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.
The ...
. It includes a number of fruit trees, including
lychee
Lychee ( , ; ''Litchi chinensis''; ) is a monotypic taxon and the sole member in the genus ''Litchi'' in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae.
There are three distinct subspecies of lychee. The most common is the Indochinese lychee found in So ...
s,
longan
''Dimocarpus longan'', commonly known as the longan () and dragon's eye, is a tropical tree species that produces edible fruit. It is one of the better-known tropical members of the soapberry family Sapindaceae, to which the lychee and rambu ...
s,
rambutans, and
quenepas.
Tribes and genera
This follows the updated classification of Buerki ''et al.''
Tribe Athyaneae
Acev.‐Rodr. (2017). Type: ''Athyana''
* ''
Athyana'' (1 species; Peru, Bolivia, Argentina)
* ''
Diatenopteryx'' (2; Southern South America)
Tribe Blomieae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type: ''Blomia''
* ''
Blomia'' (1 species; Mexico, Guatemala and Belize)
Tribe Bridgesieae
Acev.‐Rodr. (2017). Type: ''Bridgesia''
* ''
Bridgesia'' (1 species; Chile)
Tribe Cupanieae
Blume (1857). Type: ''Cupania''
* ''
Alectryon'' (25 species; Malesia, Australasia and Micronesia)
* ''
Arytera''
(c. 28; India, Southeast Asia to Australasia)
* ''
Castanospora'' (1; Australia)
* ''
Cnesmocarpon'' (1; Australia, Papua New Guinea)
* ''
Cupania'' (c. 50; Neotropical)
* ''
Cupaniopsis'' (60; Malesia to Australasia)
* ''
Dictyoneura'' (2–3; Malesia, Philippines, Australia)
* ''
Diploglottis'' (12; Australia, Papua New Guinea)
* ''
Elattostachys'' (c. 20; Malesia, Australasia)
* ''
Eurycorymbus'' (1 species; China)
* ''
Gloeocarpus'' (1; Philippines)
* ''
Gongrodiscus'' (3; New Caledonia)
* ''
Gongrospermum'' (3; Philippines)
* ''
Guioa'' (c. 64; Southeastern Asia to Australasia)
* ''
Jagera'' (2; Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia)
* ''
Lecaniodiscus'' (2; Tropical Africa)
* ''
Lepiderema'' (8; Australia, New Guinea)
* ''
Lepidocupania'' (21; western tropical Pacific)
* ''
Lepidopetalum'' (6; Malesia, Australia)
* ''
Matayba'' (c. 50; Neotropical)
* ''
Mischarytera'' (3; Australia, Papua New Guinea)
* ''
Mischocarpus'' ( (c. 15; Southeastern Asia to Australia)
* ''
Molinaea'' (c. 10; Madagascar and Mascarenes Islands)
*''
Neoarytera'' (4; New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
* ''
Pentascyphus'' (1; French Guiana, Surinam, Brazil)
* ''
Podonephelium'' (4; New Caledonia)
* ''
Rhysotoechia'' (c. 14; Australia, Malesia)
* ''
Sarcopteryx'' (12-13; Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea)
* ''
Sarcotoechia'' (c. 11; Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea)
* ''
Scyphonychium'' (1; Brazil, French Guiana)
* ''
Storthocalyx'' (4; New Caledonia)
* ''
Synima'' (2; Australia, New Guinea)
* ''
Tina'' (19; Madagascar)
* ''
Toechima'' (c. 8; Australia, New Guinea)
* ''
Trigonachras'' (8; Non-Javanese Malesia & Lesser Sunda)
* ''
Vouarana'' (2; Costa Rica to Brazil)
Tribe Guindilieae
Buerki, Callm. & Acev.‐Rodr. (2021). Type: ''Guindilia''
* ''
Guindilia'' (3 species; Southern South America)
Tribe Haplocoeleae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type: ''Haplocoelum''
* ''
Blighiopsis'' (1 species; Central Africa)
* ''
Haplocoelum'' (c. 7; Tropical Africa and Madagascar)
Tribe Koelreuterieae
Radlk. (1890). Type: ''Koelreuteria''
* ''
Erythrophysa'' (5 species; South Africa, Madagascar — synonym ''Erythrophysopsis'' )
* ''
Koelreuteria'' (c. 4; Eastern Asia)
* ''
Stocksia'' (1; Near East, Afghanistan)
Tribe Melicocceae
Blume (1847). Type: ''Melicoccus''
* ''
Dilodendron'' (3 species; Neotropical)
* ''
Melicoccus
''Melicoccus'' is a genus of ten species of flowering plants in the family Sapindaceae, native to tropical regions of northern and western South America.
They are evergreen trees growing to tall, with alternate pinnate leaf, leaves with 4 or 6 ...
'' (10; Dominican Republic, South America)
* ''
Talisia
''Talisia'' is a genus of 52 species of flowering plants in the family Sapindaceae, native to tropical regions of the Americas. The genus is closely related to ''Melicoccus'', with some species sometimes included in that genus.
The species are e ...
'' (52; Southern Mexico to South America)
* ''
Tripterodendron'' (1; Brazil)
Tribe Nephelieae
Radlk. (1890). Type: ''Nephelium''
* ''
Aporrhiza'' (4–6 species; Tropical Africa)
* ''
Blighia'' (3; Tropical Africa)
* ''
Chytranthus'' (25+; Western tropical Africa)
* ''
Cubilia'' (1; Malesia)
* ''
Dimocarpus'' (6; Southern Asia to Australia)
* ''
Glenniea'' (8; Paleotropical)
* ''
Haplocoelopsis'' (1; Central and East Africa)
* ''
Laccodiscus'' (c. 6; West Africa)
* ''
Litchi'' (1; Southeastern China to Malesia)
* ''
Nephelium
''Nephelium'' is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the family Sapindaceae, native to southeastern Asia.
They are evergreen trees with pinnately compound leaf, leaves, and edible drupe, drupaceous fruit; one species, ''N. lappace ...
'' (c. 16; Southeastern Asia to Malesia)
* ''
Otonephelium'' (1; Southern India)
* ''
Pancovia'' (10–12; West Africa)
* ''
Placodiscus'' (c. 10; Tropical Africa)
* ''
Pometia'' (2; India and Pacific Islands)
* ''
Radlkofera'' (1; Western Africa)
* ''
Xerospermum'' (2; Bangladesh, Indochina to Eastern Malesia)
Tribe Paullinieae
(Kunth) DC. (1824). Type: ''Paullinia''
* ''
Cardiospermum'' (15 species; Pantropical)
* ''
Lophostigma'' (2; Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia)
* ''
Paullinia
''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae and typical of tribe Paullinieae. It is native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean.
The genus is named after t ...
'' (c. 190; Neotropics & Africa)
* ''
Serjania'' (c. 230; Neotropics — synonyms: ''Balsas''
and ''Houssayanthus''
)
* ''
Thinouia'' (c. 12; Central and South America)
* ''
Urvillea'' (c. 15; Central and South America)
Tribe Sapindeae
(Kunth) DC. (1824). Type: ''Sapindus''
* ''
Alatococcus'' (1 species; Brazil)
* ''
Atalaya'' (12; South Africa, Australia, Malesia)
* ''
Deinbollia'' (c. 38; Southern Africa, Madagascar, Mascarene)
* ''
Eriocoelum'' (10+; Tropical Africa)
* ''
Hornea'' (1; Mauritius)
* ''
Lepisanthes'' (c. 24; Paleotropics, Australia)
* ''
Porocystis'' (2; Brazil, French Guiana)
* ''
Pseudima'' (1; Continental neotropics)
* ''
Sapindus
''Sapindus'' is a genus of about thirteen species of shrubs and small trees in the lychee family, Sapindaceae and tribe Sapindeae. It is native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the world. The genus includes both deciduous and evergree ...
'' (c. 10; Circumtropical)
* ''
Thouinidium'' (6;, Central America & Greater Antilles)
* ''
Toulicia'' (12; South America)
* ''
Tristira'' (1;, Philippines, Moluccas, Celebes)
* ''
Zollingeria'' (3-4; Indochina, Borneo)
Tribe Schleichereae
Radlk. (1890). Type: ''Schleichera''
* ''
Amesiodendron'' (1–3 species; Southern China to Sumatra)
* ''
Paranephelium'' (4; Yunnan to Malesia)
* ''
Pavieasia'' (1–3; China)
* ''
Phyllotrichum'' (1; Laos)
* ''
Schleichera
''Schleichera'' is a monotypic taxon, monotypic genus of plants in the Sapindus, soapberry family, Sapindaceae. There is only one species, ''Schleichera oleosa'', a tree that occurs in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
Species
''Schl ...
'' (1; Sri Lanka and India to Malesia)
* ''
Sisyrolepis'' (1; Thailand & Cambodia)
Tribe Stadmanieae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type: ''Stadmannia''
* ''
Beguea'' (1 species; Madagascar)
* ''
Camptolepis'' (4; East Africa, Madagascar)
* ''
Chouxia'' (6; Madagascar)
* ''
Gereaua'' (1; Madagascar)
* ''
Macphersonia'' (8; Aldabra, Madagascar, West Tropical Africa)
* ''
Pappea'' (1; Southern Africa)
* ''
Plagioscyphus'' (c. 10; Madagascar)
* ''
Pseudopteris'' (3; Madagascar)
* ''
Stadtmannia'' (6; East Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius)
* ''
Tsingya'' (1; Madagascar)
Tribe Thouiniaeae
Blume (1847). Type: ''Thouinia''
* ''
Allophylastrum''
[ (1 species; Brazil, Guyana)
* '']Allophylus
''Allophylus'' is a genus within the plant family Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Example ...
'' [(211; Pantropical)
* '' Thouinia'' (c. 30; West indies, Central America)
]
Tribe Tristiropsideae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type: ''Tristiropsis''
* '' Tristiropsis'' (3 species; Malesia & Australasia)
Tribe Ungnadieae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type: ''Ungnadia''
* '' Delavaya'' (1 species; China)
* '' Ungnadia'' (1; Mexico, Texas)
Genera
Genera include:
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2224042
Rosid subfamilies
Sapindaceae