Sanyi () or Nanpanshun (), also known by
Cantonese
Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding ar ...
romanizations such as Sam Yup and Nam Pun Shun, refers to the three districts (former counties) of
Nanhai,
Panyu and
Shunde surrounding
Guangzhou
Guangzhou (, ; ; or ; ), also known as Canton () and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong ...
and
Foshan
Foshan (, ), alternately romanized as Fatshan, is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the ...
in
Guangdong
Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020 ...
,
China.
Geography
The former counties and the corresponding modern districts are
;Nanhai
:Modern
Nanhai and
Chancheng in
Foshan
Foshan (, ), alternately romanized as Fatshan, is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the ...
and a small part of
Liwan in Guangzhou
;Panyu
:Modern
Panyu,
Yuexiu, large part of
Liwan,
Haizhu,
Huangpu,
Baiyun and large part of
Nansha, all in Guangzhou
;Shunde
:Modern
Shunde, Foshan
Dialects
The area gave rise to the
Yuehai dialects, the most prominent of which is
Cantonese
Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding ar ...
(Guangzhou/Guangfu dialect).
Standard Cantonese
Cantonese ( zh, t=廣東話, s=广东话, first=t, cy=Gwóngdūng wá) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding are ...
is based on the
Yuehai dialects belongs to the
Yue branch of Chinese, Cantonese speakers easily understand throughout Chinese part of
Lingnan area.
Emigration

Most of the
Chinese immigrants to the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century came from eight districts in the
Pearl River Delta, including the three districts of Sanyi, together with the four districts of
Siyi to the southwest
and the district of
Zhongshan.
See also
*
Siyi
*
Yue Chinese
Yue () is a group of similar Sinitic languages spoken in Southern China, particularly in Liangguang (the Guangdong and Guangxi provinces).
The name Cantonese is often used for the whole group, but linguists prefer to reserve that name for ...
References
{{Guangdong topics
Guangdong