Santé Diabète (SD) (Health Diabetes) is a French

non-governmental organization A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an independent, typically nonprofit organization that operates outside government control, though it may get a significant percentage of its funding from government or corporate sources. NGOs often focus ...

(NGOs) whose headquarters is in

Grenoble Grenoble ( ; ; or ; or ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of the Isère Departments of France, department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region ...

(

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

) which is working on strengthening

health systems A health system, health care system or healthcare system is an organization of people, institutions, and resources that delivers health care services to meet the health needs of target populations. There is a wide variety of health systems aroun ...

to improve the

prevention Prevention may refer to: Health and medicine * Preventive healthcare, measures to prevent diseases or injuries rather than curing them or treating their symptoms General safety * Crime prevention, the attempt to reduce deter crime and crimin ...

and management of

diabetes Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough of the hormone insulin, or the cells of th ...

in Africa. As part of a chronic disease like diabetes, improving the quality of care saves thousands of lives but also improves the quality of life for people living with diabetes.

History

The NGO Santé Diabète was created in 2001, by Stephane Besançon current CEO of the organization. Santé Diabète was created following a

research Research is creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge. It involves the collection, organization, and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to ...

conducted in

Mali Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is the List of African countries by area, eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The country is bordered to the north by Algeria, to the east b ...

on the

fonio Fonio, also sometimes called findi or acha, is the term for two cultivated grasses in the genus '' Digitaria'' that are important crops in parts of West Africa. It is a vital food source in many rural areas, especially in the mountains of Fouta ...

(

cereal A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize ( Corn). Edible grains from other plant families, ...

that is present in West Africa) and diabetes with the International Center for Agronomic Research for Development ( CIRAD) which enabled Stephane Besançon to be aware of the impact of diabetes on the African continent but also and especially the lack of access to

health care Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...

for people living with diabetes in Africa and the lack of consideration of the issue by development actors (sponsors,

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and internationa ...

, NGOs).

Purpose

Santé Diabète has focused on strengthening

to improve the prevention and management of

, by supporting the development of long term field projects, of research projects or short-term expertise in many African countries. The NGO focuses its work on a comprehensive approach including all the axes necessary for the establishment of prevention and care of quality for diabetes. This innovative approach is realized in practice by the development of 6 components: # Investing in

primary prevention Preventive healthcare, or prophylaxis, is the application of healthcare measures to prevent diseases.Hugh R. Leavell and E. Gurney Clark as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical and mental health a ...

to reduce the human and economic burden of the disease progression. # Investing in the decentralization of care to ensure geographic accessibility to a care of quality. # Investing in secondary and tertiary prevention "therapeutic education" to reduce the burden of complications due to diabetes. # Investing in the reduction of care costs for geographic accessibility to a care of quality. # Investing in an integrated approach including active involvement of patients and their families through their

association Association may refer to: *Club (organization), an association of two or more people united by a common interest or goal *Trade association, an organization founded and funded by businesses that operate in a specific industry *Voluntary associatio ...

s by promoting self-management mechanisms and advocacy allowing them to defend their rights. # Investing in research - action to develop innovative approaches. This approach is developed in the field with the institutional partners (public authorities, administrative authorities and local government). This positioning into technical assistance to support prevention policies and treatment of diabetes implemented by the states ensures that the interventions done by the NGO can achieve long-term solutions. In parallel to these field operations, Santé Diabète support many governments in the development or implementation of their diabetes policy. More recently, the NGO Santé Diabète has also invested in France in the development of projects in development and international solidarity education.

Interventions areas

Field Project

Burkina Faso Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa, bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Ivory Coast to the southwest. It covers an area of 274,223 km2 (105,87 ...

Senegal Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. It borders Mauritania to Mauritania–Senegal border, the north, Mali to Mali–Senegal border, the east, Guinea t ...

Union of the Comoros The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is an archipelagic country made up of three islands in Southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city is Moro ...

Research and academic activities

Tanzania Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It is bordered by Uganda to the northwest; Kenya to the northeast; the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to t ...

Benin Benin, officially the Republic of Benin, is a country in West Africa. It was formerly known as Dahomey. It is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the north-west, and Niger to the north-east. The majority of its po ...

and

Guinea Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the northwest, Senegal to the north, Mali to the northeast, Côte d'Ivoire to the southeast, and Sier ...

Internal organization

Santé Diabète has 30 staff (data 2014) which is distributed among the various operational offices:

(

Bamako Bamako is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Mali, with a 2022 population of 4,227,569. It is located on the Niger River, near the rapids that divide the upper and middle Niger valleys in the southwestern part of the country. Bamak ...

(

Ouagadougou Ouagadougou or Wagadugu (, , , ) is the capital city of Burkina Faso, and the administrative, communications, cultural and economic centre of the nation. It is also the List of cities in Burkina Faso#Largest cities, country's largest city, wi ...

(

) and

Dakar Dakar ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Senegal, largest city of Senegal. The Departments of Senegal, department of Dakar has a population of 1,278,469, and the population of the Dakar metropolitan area was at 4.0 mill ...

(

). This team is working under the direction of a voluntary board of 12 members. This board includes people from different backgrounds and different nationalities (officials, doctors, professional of development, humanitarian, researchers, communications professionals, people with diabetes, academics, students, etc.) ensuring orientation of the organization. Finally, in addition to these organs, Santé Diabète has a scientific advisory board of physicians and scientists of the highest levels from various specialties and different countries: *

Anthropology Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, society, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. Social anthropology studies patterns of behav ...

Development Economics Development economics is a branch of economics that deals with economic aspects of the development process in low- and middle- income countries. Its focus is not only on methods of promoting economic development, economic growth and structural c ...

* Educational Sciences *

Epidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and Risk factor (epidemiology), determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population, and application of this knowledge to prevent dise ...

Health Economics Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to Health care efficiency, efficiency, effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare. Health economics is important in dete ...

Medicine Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for patients, managing the Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, ...

Public Policy Public policy is an institutionalized proposal or a Group decision-making, decided set of elements like laws, regulations, guidelines, and actions to Problem solving, solve or address relevant and problematic social issues, guided by a conceptio ...

Sociology Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of Interpersonal ties, social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. The term sociol ...

Partners

Field results and the pole of experts involved have gradually done the NGO Santé Diabète the structure of international reference for many international organizations with which the NGO has established close partnerships: * International Diabetes Federation (IDF) * World Health Organization (WHO) * West African Health Organization (WAHO) * Francophone Society of Diabetes (SFD) * University of Montreal: Centre for Research on the nutritional transition (TRANSNUT) * University Hospital of Grenoble (France) * University Hospital of the Reunion Island (France) *

Geneva University The University of Geneva (French: ''Université de Genève'') is a public research university located in Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded in 1559 by French theologian John Calvin as a theological seminary. It remained focused on theology unti ...

(

Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...

) * Association Française des Diabétiques (AFD) * Association des Jeunes Diabétiques (AJD) * International Insulin Foundation (IIF) * World Diabetes Foundation (WDF)

Publication and conferences

Books

* Stéphane Besançon et Kaushik Ramaiya. ''Diabète Afrique''. Edition ONG Santé Diabète, 2010, 80 pages.

Publications

Betz Brown J, Ramaiya K, Besançon S, Rheeder P, Mapa Tassou C, Mbanya J.C, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Wangechi Njenga E, Wangui Muchemi E, Kiambuthi Wanjiru H, Schneide E. Use of Medical Services and Medicines Attributable to Diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa, PLOS One, September 2014
* Besançon S, Beran D, Bouenizabila E. Accès à l'insuline dans les pays en voie de développement: une problématique complexe. Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques, April 2014 * Besançon S, Sidibé A, Traoré B, Amadou D, Djeugoue P, Coulon AL, Halimi S
Injecter de l’aide dans une région oubliée
''Diabetes Voice'', Volume 59, March 2014 * Besançon S, Sidibé A
Le diabète : un enjeu de santé publique au Mali
''Soins'', N°781, December 2013 * Besançon S
Afrique et diabète: La fin d'un paradoxe. Diabète et Obésité
Volume 8, N° 72, October 2013 * Besançon S, Sidibé A.T
La société civile face à l'urgence du diabète au Mali
''Diabetes Voice'', Volume 57, July 2012 * Delisle H, Besançon S, Mbanya JC, Dushimimana A, Kapur A, Leitzmann C, Makoutodé M, Stover PJ
Empowering our profession in Africa
World Nutrition May 2012, 3, 6, 269-284 * Drabo J, Sidibé A, Halimi S, Besançon S
Une approche multipartenaire du développement de l'excellence dans la formation à la gestion du diabète dans quatre pays africains
''Diabetes Voice'', Volume 56, June 2011 * Debussche X, Balcou-Debussche M, Besançon S, Sidibé AT
Challenges to diabetes self-management in developing countries
Volume 54, Special Issue World diabetes congress, October 2009 * Besançon S, Sidibé AT, Nientao I
Décentralisation des soins du diabète au Mali, Un exemple de travail en réseau
Développement et Santé, July 2009 * Besançon S, Sidibé AT, Nientao I
Adaptation des recommandations pour la prise en charge du diabète en Afrique
''Développement et Santé'', July 2009 * Besançon S, Sidibé AT, Nientao I
Le diabète au Mali : aspects diététiques
''Développement et Santé'', July 2009 * Besançon S, Sidibé AT, Nientao I, Sow DS
Comment a été développé le programme de prévention et de prise en charge spécifique du pied diabétique au Mali ?
''Développement et Santé'', July 2009 * Beran D, Besançon S, Sidibé AT
Le diabète un nouvel enjeu de santé publique pour les pays en voie de développement : l’exemple du Mali
''Médecine des maladies Métaboliques'', March 2007 * Besançon S
L’Association Malienne de Lutte contre le Diabète
''Diabetes Voice'', Volume 51 Numéro 3, September 2006 * Beran D, Besançon S
Report of the International Insulin Foundation on the assessment protocol for insulin access in Mali
December 2004

Conferences

* Symposium international de Libreville sur le diabète (2014). Besançon S. “Apport des pairs éducateurs dans l’éducation thérapeutique des patients diabétiques au Mali”. Libreville, Gabon, 6 et 7 juin 2014 * Médecins Sans Frontière (MSF) International Diabetes Workshop (2014). Besançon S. “Management of diabetes in emergency contexts: a case study from Mali”. Genève, Suisse, 3 et 4 juin 2014 * Médecins Sans Frontière (MSF) International Diabetes Workshop (2014). Besançon S. “Advocacy and International network on diabetes management in Africa”. Genève, Suisse, 3 et 4 juin 2014 * 2nd African Diabetes Summit (2014). Besançon S., Diabetes in war and conflicts. Yaounde, Cameroun, February 25 to 28, 2014 * World Diabetes Congress (2013). Besançon S. "Peer educators structured educational intervention in type 2 diabetes - a randomised controlled trial in Mali". Melbourne, Australia, 2 au 6 décembre 2013 * Symposium international de Libreville sur le diabète (2013). Besançon S. Accès au traitement pour le diabète: problématique médico-économique et logistique. Libreville, Gabon, 7 et 8 juin 2013 * Congress of the French speaking society of diabetes (2013). Besançon S. Diabetes Africa : the end of a paradox. Montpellier international congress center. Montpellier, France, March 28, 2013 * Regional Forum on NCDs : "Integrated and evidence-informed approaches to tackling NCDs in the West African Sub-Region". Besançon S. Development of prevention and management of diabetes in Mali. West African Health Organization (WAHO). Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 20–21 November 2012, * The African Diabetes Congress (1st Scientific Sessions). Besançon S. Role of nutrition in the prevention and management of diabetes : research and programs developed in Mali. Arusha International Congress Center. Arusha, Tanzania, 25 – 28 July 2012. * Symposium international de Libreville sur le diabète en Afrique. Besançon S. Méthodologie développée pour décentraliser les soins pour le diabète au Mali. Libreville, Gabon, 1er et 2 juin 2012 * Geneva Health Forum 2012. Besançon. S. State-NGO Partnership to Improve the Prevention and Management of Diabetes in Mali? Geneva (Suisse), April, 18–20 April 2012. * Expert Meeting on Indigenous Peoples, Diabetes and Development. Besançon S. Diabetes Education & Nutrition in Mali, Improving Care Amongst the Tuareg Population. Copenhaguen, Danemark, 01 and 2 March 2012 * Therapeutic Patient Education: Issues and Perspectives. Besançon S. Developing the therapeutic education with limited resources: what Challenges ? The example of Mali. La Reunion, France, 24 février 2012 * Sommet Africain Francophone du Diabète (SAFDIA). Besançon S. Sidibe AT. Décentralisation des soins pour le diabète, l’example du Mali. Brazzaville, Congo, 27 au 29 octobre 2011 * Sustainability Leadership Programme – Cambridges university. Besançon S. Access to health and especially to drugs for diabetic patients, what perspective for the NGO Santé Diabète ? Copenhagen, Denmark, Wednesday 28th – Friday 30 September 2011 * Séminaires du centre collaborateur OMS sur la transition nutritionnelle et le développement (TRANSNUT). Besançon S. Développement : des actions de recherches pour soutenir les activités de terrain et celles de plaidoyer. Centre TRANSNUT. Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine Université de Montréal - 18 mai 2011 * WHO African Region Ministerial Consultation on Non communicable Diseases. Besançon S., Collaboration State - NGO to improve prevention and management of diabetes in Mali. Brazzaville, Congo, 4–6 April 2011 * Diabetes Leadership Forum Africa 2010. Besançon. S, Traore. N. M. Leveraging multi-stakeholder engagement in diabetes care. Johannesburg (Afrique du Sud), 30 septembre – 01 octobre 2010 * Social and Economic Impact of Diabetes International Expert Summit. Besançon. S. Panel expert: Economic impact of diabetes in Africa. Pékin (Chine), 13-14 novembre 2010. * World Diabetes Congress. Nientao. I. Besançon. S. IDF Study on the Economic and Social Impact of Diabetes in Mali. Montréal (Canada), October 2009 * African Diabetes Congress. Besançon. S. Sidibe.A. Nientao. I. Nutritional management of diabetes in Africa a new hope. Nairobie (Kenya), 2007 * World Diabetes Congress. Besançon. S. Sidibe.A. T. Nientao. I. Nutritional management of diabetes in Africa the example of Mali. Cape Town (Afrique du sud), 2006 * Symposium International sur le diabète. Besançon.S. How was the program developed « Towards an improved coverage of Diabetes Mellitus in Mali ». Manilles (Philippines). Avril 2006

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Sante Diabete Health charities in France International medical and health organizations International volunteer organizations Organizations established in 2001 Diabetes organizations