''Santolina'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of plants in the chamomile tribe within the sunflower family, primarily from the western Mediterranean region. They are small

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has Leaf, foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many diffe ...

shrub A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...

s growing tall. The

leaves A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, ...

are simple and minute in some species, or pinnate, finely divided in other species, often densely silvery hairy, and usually aromatic. The

composite Composite or compositing may refer to: Materials * Composite material, a material that is made from several different substances ** Metal matrix composite, composed of metal and other parts ** Cermet, a composite of ceramic and metallic material ...

flowerheads are yellow or white, produced in dense globose capitula 1–2 cm in diameter, on top of slender stems held above the foliage. There are no ray florets. ''Santolina'' species are used as food plants by the

larva A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase ...

e of some

Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans is an order (biology), order of winged insects which includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organ ...

species including '' Bucculatrix santolinella'' (feeds exclusively on ''S. chamaecyparissus'') and the ''

Coleophora ''Coleophora'' is a very large genus of moths of the family Coleophoridae. It contains some 1,350 described species. The genus is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions. Many authors have t ...

'' case-bearers ''C. albicella'' (recorded on ''S. chamaecyparissus''), ''C. involucrella'' (feeds exclusively on ''Santolina spp'') and ''C. santolinella'' (feeds exclusively on ''S. chamaecyparissus'').

Altervista Flora Italiana, genere ''Santolina''
includes photos + distribution maps

*'' Santolina africana'' Jord. & Fourr. -

Algeria Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...

Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ...

, Tunisia *'' Santolina benthamiana'' Jord. & Fourr. - France, Spain *'' Santolina canescens'' Lag. – Spain *'' Santolina chamaecyparissus'' L. – from Spain to Ireland +

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

*'' Santolina corsica'' Jord. & Fourr. –

Corsica Corsica ( , , ; ; ) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the Regions of France, 18 regions of France. It is the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of the Metro ...

*'' Santolina decumbens'' Mill. – France, Spain *'' Santolina ericoides'' Poir. – France, Spain *'' Santolina impressa'' Hoffmanns. & Link –

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

*'' Santolina magonica'' (O.Bolòs, Molin. & P.Monts.) Romo –

Balearic Islands The Balearic Islands are an archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The archipelago forms a Provinces of Spain, province and Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Spain, ...

, Spain *'' Santolina melidensis'' (Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz) Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz – Spain *'' Santolina neapolitana'' Jord. & Fourr. –

Campania Campania is an administrative Regions of Italy, region of Italy located in Southern Italy; most of it is in the south-western portion of the Italian Peninsula (with the Tyrrhenian Sea to its west), but it also includes the small Phlegraean Islan ...

, Italy *'' Santolina oblongifolia'' Boiss. – Spain *'' Santolina pectinata'' Lag. – Algeria, Morocco, Spain *'' Santolina pinnata'' Viv. – Tuscany, Italy *'' Santolina rosmarinifolia'' L. – south western Europe *'' Santolina semidentata'' Hoffmanns. & Link – Spain,

*'' Santolina tinctoria'' Molina – Chile *'' Santolina villosa'' Mill. – Spain *'' Santolina virens'' Mill. – France, Spain, UK, Germany,

Abruzzo Abruzzo (, ; ; , ''Abbrìzze'' or ''Abbrèzze'' ; ), historically also known as Abruzzi, is a Regions of Italy, region of Southern Italy with an area of 10,763 square km (4,156 sq mi) and a population of 1.3 million. It is divided into four ...

(Italy),

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

formerly included

numerous species formerly regarded as members of ''Santolina'' but now judged better suited to other genera: ''

Achillea ''Achillea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The plants typically have frilly leaves and are known colloquially as yarrows, although this common name usually refers to '' A. millefolium''. The genus was named after ...

Athanasia ''Athanasia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family. ; Species ''Athanasia'' is native to southern Africa. The name is derived from the Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Eur ...

Anthemis ''Anthemis'' is a genus of aromatic flowering plants in the family (biology), family Asteraceae, closely related to ''Chamaemelum'', and like that genus, known by the common name chamomile; some species are also called dog-fennel or mayweed. ''An ...

, Calea, Cladanthus,

Helenium ''Helenium'' is a genus of Annual plant, annuals and herbaceous perennial plants in the family Asteraceae, Native plant, native to the Americas. They bear yellow or orange daisy-like pseudanthium, composite flowers. A number of these species (pa ...

, Isocarpha, Lasiospermum,

Lonas ''Lonas'' is a genus of flowering plants in the chamomile tribe within the daisy family. There is only one accepted species, ''Lonas annua'', native to Italy, France, Germany, Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia Tunisia, officially the Republic ...

Matricaria ''Matricaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the chamomile tribe within the sunflower family. Some of the species have the common name of "mayweed", but this name also refers to plants not in this genus. Description Their many-branched ...

, Oedera, Porophyllum, Salmea'', and ''

Tanacetum ''Tanacetum'' is a genus of about 160 species of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, native to many regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

''.

References

External links

*
Flora Europaea: ''Santolina''
Anthemideae Asteraceae genera {{Anthemideae-stub

SpeciesFlann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist /ref>Altervista Flora Italiana, genere ''Santolina''includes photos + distribution maps

formerly included

References

External links

SpeciesFlann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
/ref>Altervista Flora Italiana, genere ''Santolina''
includes photos + distribution maps