Gaudeshwar Raja Sandhya was the ruler of
Kamarupa
Kamarupa (; also called Pragjyotisha or Pragjyotisha-Kamarupa), an early state during the Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, was (along with Davaka) the first historical kingdom of Assam. The Kamrupa word first appeared in the ...
in north-eastern India in the present-day state of
Assam
Assam (, , ) is a state in Northeast India, northeastern India, south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra Valley, Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of . It is the second largest state in Northeast India, nor ...
. He founded the
Kamata Kingdom
The Kamata Kingdom ; in the eastern Sivalik Hills, emerged in western Kamarupa probably when Sandhya (ruler of Kamarupa), Sandhya, a ruler of Kamarupanagara, moved his capital west to Kamatapur sometime after 1257 CE. Since it originated in ...
when he moved his capital west to Kamatapur (present-day
Gosanimari
Gosanimari (also known as ''Khalisa Gosanimari'') is both a village and an archaeological site in Dinhata I CD block, in the Dinhata subdivision of the Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, north-eastern India. The name of this site was taken f ...
) sometime after 1257 CE.
Accession
He became the ruler of Kamarupa in 1228, when
Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah, who had earlier killed his predecessor
Raja Prithu in 1228 AD, However, after Nasir-ud-din Mahmud withdrew from Kamrup, Sandhya stopped paying tribute and declared independence of his kingdom.
War with Lakhnauti
In 1229, after the death of Nasiruddin, Sandhya drove the Muslims out of his territory and captured territory until
Karatoya river
Karatoya River (also spelt Korotoa River) is a small stream in Rajshahi Division of Bangladesh.
Etymology
The name of the river is a combination of two Sanskrit words ''kar'' (hand) and ''toa'' (water).
Course
The Karatoya, known as the Phuljh ...
. After that, to avenge the previous defeats, he invaded the western border of
Gaur
The gaur (''Bos gaurus''; ) is a large bovine native to the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, and has been listed as Vulnerable species, Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986. The global population was estimated at a maximum of 21,000 ...
(Lakhnauti) and annexed regions across the Karatoya into his kingdom. In retaliation,
Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak the governor of Bengal under Delhi Sultanate attempted an invasion on Sandhya's domain in 1257. However, Sandhya resisted the invasion, captured and executed Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak.
Establishment of the Kamata Kingdom
After this attack, Sandhya moved his capital from Kamarupanagara (present-day
North Guwahati
Guwahati () the largest city of the Indian state of Assam, and also the largest metropolis in northeastern India. Dispur, the capital of Assam, is in the circuit city region located within Guwahati and is the seat of the Government of Assam. ...
) to Kamatapur in present-day
Cooch Behar district
Cooch Behar district (), also known as Koch Bihar district, is one of the List of districts of West Bengal, 23 districts of the state of West Bengal in India. The district is the part of Jalpaiguri division, Jalpaiguri Division. Cooch Behar ci ...
. He established a new kingdom called the
Kamata Kingdom
The Kamata Kingdom ; in the eastern Sivalik Hills, emerged in western Kamarupa probably when Sandhya (ruler of Kamarupa), Sandhya, a ruler of Kamarupanagara, moved his capital west to Kamatapur sometime after 1257 CE. Since it originated in ...
.
[(Kamarupa) was reorganized as a new state, 'Kamata' by name, with Kamatapur as the capital. The exact time when the change was made is still being determined. But it was possibly made by Sandhya (c. 1250 – 1270) to safeguard against mounting dangers from the East and the West. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax.]
See also
Yuzbak Khan's invasion of Kamarupa
Notes
References
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandhya
History of Assam
Hindu monarchs
13th-century Indian monarchs
Kings of Kamarupa