Samundri Tehsil (

Urdu Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...

/ Punjabi: ) is an administrative subdivision of

Faisalabad District Faisalabad District (Lyallpur District until 1979) ( Punjabi and ) is one of the districts of Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 2023 census of Pakistan it had a population of 9,075,819, of which 3,691,999 were in Faisalabad City. It is the t ...

in the

Punjab Punjab (; ; also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb) is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern Pakistan and no ...

province of

Pakistan Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the Islam by country# ...

. Samundri is the city and headquarters of the tehsil. Samundri Tehsil farms are irrigated by Gugera Branch Canal and Burala Branch Canal. Chak 203 GB Ferozpur is the biggest village of the tehsil by area and population. All villages of the tehsil carry GB with their Chak numbers, and the name of village usually follows it for example, Chak 141 GB and Chak 228 GB. The village numbers are designated by the water pump number the village is built upon. It has 14 villages that were made by the British government. Sugar cane is the major cash crop. wheat, cotton and vegetables are grown there. Samundri is one of the oldest tehsils of Pakistan.

History

The name Samundri comes from the presence of three Hindu temples. The name Seh-Mandri derives from the words ''seh'' (three) and ''mandr'' (temple). Thus, ''seh-mandri'' means a small city with three temples. The name later evolved into Samundri. The city has many buildings constructed in the 1930s or before. Until 1904, during

British rule The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or dire ...

, Samundri was headquarters of a

tehsil A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluk, or taluka () is a local unit of administrative division in India and Pakistan. It is a subdistrict of the area within a Zila (country subdivision), district including the designated populated place that ser ...

Jhang district Jhang District (Punjabi language, Punjabi and ) is a Districts of Pakistan, district of Faisalabad Division, Faisalabad division in the Punjab (Pakistan), Punjab province, Pakistan. Jhang is the capital and administrative seat of the district. ...

. Samundri Tehsil was transferred to Lyallpur District when the latter was created. At that time, it had an area of .Samundri - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 22, p. 26
/ref> The population in 1906 was 266,277, spread across 495 villages, including Samundri (population, 765), the headquarters. The land revenue and

cess Cess (pronounced ) is a tax - generally one levied for promoting services like health and education. Governments often charge a cess for the purpose of development in social sectors. The word is a shortened form of "assess". The spelling is due ...

es in 1905-6 amounted to 600,000 to 700,000. The tehsil consists of a level plain, sloping gently towards the Ravi and the Deg on the south, and is now irrigated by the Chenab Canal, except for a few scattered plots in the Ravi lowlands which depend on wells. The soil is generally of fine quality. The boundaries of the tehsil were somewhat modified at the time of the formation of the New District. By the 1900s, Western Punjab was predominantly

Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

, supporting the Muslim League and the

Pakistan Movement The Pakistan Movement was a religiopolitical and social movement that emerged in the early 20th century as part of a campaign that advocated the creation of an Islamic state in parts of what was then British Raj. It was rooted in the two-nation the ...

. Migration between

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

and

was continuous before the

Partition of India The partition of India in 1947 was the division of British India into two independent dominion states, the Dominion of India, Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. The Union of India is today the Republic of India, and the Dominion of Paki ...

. After the

in August 1947, the

Hindu Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...

s and

Sikh Sikhs (singular Sikh: or ; , ) are an ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The term ''Si ...

s migrated to

Amloh town of Punjab, while

Muslims Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

from

settled in Western Punjab and across

. In 1947, when partition took place, many people from the village Nva Chakk 372 moved to Patiala District, Amloh, India (now Fatehgarh Sahib or Sirhind). It was reduced to in 1994.

Demographics

The population is predominantly Punjabi

speaking Punjabi and

. The main clans in the Samundri Tehsil are Rajput, Gujjar and Jutts, accounting to 80% of the total.,

Arain Arain (also known as Raeen) are a large Punjabi Muslim agricultural community with a strong political identity and level of organisation. At the beginning of the last century, they numbered around 1 million and were mainly rural cultivator ...

, Butts, Mugals, Ansaris, Shaikh and Quraishis are also present . The population is more than 99%

with the remainder made up of

Christians A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...

and

Hindus Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...

Problems

The tehsil must cope with an extreme shortage of canal water. The shortage is a major reason for the poor economic conditions. Rainfall is rare or uneven. Lack of potable water causes poor health.Ali, Hassan, and Muhammad Sohail Akhtar. “People's Perception about Poor Quality of Drinking Water and Its Impact on Human Health in Rural Areas of Tehsil Samundri Pakistan.” International Journal of Science and Research, vol. 4, no. 10, Oct. 2015, pp. 523–528.

/ref>

Facilities

Ten public and private hospitals are present, but child specialists and cardiologists are not available. The area supports many colleges and schools. Internet, mobile phone service and fixed-line phones are available in good quality.

Notables

* Mohammad Zakaullah, retired four-star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy, was the 15th Chief of Naval Staff of the

Pakistan Navy The Pakistan Navy (PN) (; ''romanized'': Pākistān Bahrí'a; ) is the naval warfare branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces. The Chief of the Naval Staff, a four-star admiral, commands the navy and is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Com ...

. * Muhammad Zain Ashiq, graduate of University of Agriculture Faisalabad is the first Pakistani selected fo
United Nation Technology Bank Program
of engineering, This program is the joint collaboration o
World Eco-Design Conference
and

Zhejiang University Zhejiang University (ZJU) is a public university, public research university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education (China), Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and D ...

References

{{Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan) Tehsils of Punjab, Pakistan Tehsil municipal administrations of Faisalabad