Sampul
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] (Shanpulu; ;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] zh, t=山普魯鎮, s=, formerly / ) is a
town
A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city.
The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...
in
Lop County
Lop County, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (, Uyghur language, Uyghur: ), also Luopu, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency ...
(Luopu),
Hotan Prefecture
Hotan PrefectureThe official spelling is "Hotan" according to (see also #Etymology, § Etymology) is located in the Tarim Basin region of southwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China, bordering the Tibet Autonomous Region to t ...
,
Xinjiang
Xinjiang,; , SASM/GNC romanization, SASM/GNC: Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Sinkiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the China, People' ...
, China.
History
Local inhabitants at Sampul cemetery around
where art such as the
Sampul tapestry has been found,
[Christopoulos, Lucas (August 2012), "Hellenes and Romans in Ancient China (240 BC – 1398 AD)," in Victor H. Mair (ed), ''Sino-Platonic Papers'', No. 230, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, pp 15-16, ISSN 2157-9687.] buried their dead from roughly 217 BCE to 283 CE. The analysis of
mtDNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) is the DNA located in the mitochondria organelles in a eukaryotic cell that converts chemical energy from food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is a small portion of the DNA contained in ...
haplogroup
A haplotype is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent, and a haplogroup (haploid from the , ''haploûs'', "onefold, simple" and ) is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor with a sing ...
distribution showed that the Sampula inhabitants had a large mixture of
East Asian
East Asia is a geocultural region of Asia. It includes China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, plus two special administrative regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau. The economies of Economy of China, China, Economy of Ja ...
,
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
and European characteristics.
According to Chengzhi et al. (2007), analysis of maternal
mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) is the DNA located in the mitochondrion, mitochondria organelles in a eukaryotic cell that converts chemical energy from food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is a small portion of the D ...
of the human remains has revealed genetic affinities at the maternal side to
Ossetians
The Ossetians ( or ; ),Merriam-Webster (2021), s.v"Ossete" also known as Ossetes ( ), Ossets ( ), and Alans ( ), are an Iranian peoples, Iranian ethnic group who are indigenous to Ossetia, a region situated across the northern and southern side ...
and
Iranians, an Eastern-Mediterranean
paternal
A father is the male parent of a child. Besides the paternal bonds of a father to his children, the father may have a parental, legal, and social relationship with the child that carries with it certain rights and obligations. A biological fathe ...
lineage.
[Christopoulos, Lucas (August 2012), "Hellenes and Romans in Ancient China (240 BC – 1398 AD)," in Victor H. Mair (ed), ''Sino-Platonic Papers'', No. 230, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, p. 27 & footnote #46, ISSN 2157-9687.]
The
Sampul tapestry was discovered in Sampul in the mid-1980s.
On October 21, 2014, Sampul township () disestablished and Sampul town () was created.
In 2016–17, five villages were added to Sampul.
On the afternoon of April 7, 2017, the XUAR Judiciary Office's
de-extremization () propaganda team began three days of de-extremization lectures in the county including visits in Sampul.
On December 13, 2019, the body of a 5 year old Uyghur boy was found in snow in a stream in Sampul, and
viral video
Viral videos are video, videos that become popular through viral phenomenon, a viral process of Internet sharing, primarily through video sharing websites such as YouTube as well as social media and email.Lu Jiang, Yajie Miao, Yi Yang, ZhenZhon ...
of the discovery led to international attention.
Administrative divisions
, Sampul included thirty-one
villages
A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village ...
(''
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin ( ; zh, s=, t=, p=Guānhuà, l=Mandarin (bureaucrat), officials' speech) is the largest branch of the Sinitic languages. Mandarin varieties are spoken by 70 percent of all Chinese speakers over a large geographical area that stretch ...
Hanyu Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, officially the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese. ''Hanyu'' () literally means ' Han language'—that is, the Chinese language—while ''pinyin'' literally ...
-derived names, except where
Uyghur
Uyghur may refer to:
* Uyghurs, a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia (West China)
** Uyghur language, a Turkic language spoken primarily by the Uyghurs
*** Old Uyghur language, a different Turkic language spoken in the Uyghur K ...
is provided''):
*Arimaili ()
*Xianbaibazha ()
*Köchken (Kuoqikan, Kuoqikancun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Lengger (Langan, Langancun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Kilente (Kelante, Kelantecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Aydingköl (Ayidingkule, Ayiding Kulecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Bash medris (Bashi'airike, Bashi Airikecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / , or Bashi'akemaidirisi
)
*Ayagh medris (Ayake'airike; / , or Ayake'akemaidirisi, Ayake Akemai Dirisicun
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] )
*Chaqpi mark (Qiakemake, Qiake Makecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Jay'ëriq (Jiayi'airike, Jiayi Airikecun;
/ )
*Qurbagh (Ku'erbage, Ku'er Bagecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Qotaz (Kuotazilangan; / )
*Ildam (Yiledamu, Yiledamucun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Bashikeyikuo ()
*Qumbagh (Kumubage, Kumu Bagecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Sëriq (Serike; / )
*Qarangghuyar (Karangguya, Karang Guyacun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Ayagh qiyqu (Ayagekeyikuo; / )
*Kalayangtake (Kalayang Takecun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] )
*Bashbiz (Bashibizili, Bashibizilicun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Otturabiz (Outulabizili, Outula Bizilicun;
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] / )
*Ayagh biz (Ayagebizili; / )
*Karki
(Kalake'er;
/ )
*Yëngi lengger (Yinglangan; / )
*Bositankule ()
*Yingbage ()
*Bulake ()
*Bashikule ()
*Ayagekelante ()
*Nu'erluke ()
*Kazimileke ()
In 2009, villages in Sampul township included:
*Arimaili (), Xianbaibazha (), Kuoqikan (), Langan (), Kelante (), Ayidingkule (), Bashi'akemaidirisi (), Ayake'akemaidirisi (), Qiakemake (), Jiayi'airike (), Ku'erbage (), Kuotazilangan (), Yiledamu (), Bashikeyikuo (), Kumubage (), Serike (), Karangguya (), Ayagekeyikuo (), Kalayangtake (), Bashibizili (), Outulabizili (), Ayagebizili (), Kalake'er (), Yinglangan (), Bositankule (), Yingbage ()
Demographics
See also
*
List of township-level divisions of Xinjiang
This is a list of township-level divisions (formal fourth-level administrative divisions including towns, townships, subdistricts and county districts) of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
Ürümqi
Daban ...
Notes
References
{{Authority control
Hotan Prefecture
Township-level divisions of Xinjiang