Saltinho Biological Reserve ( pt, Reserva Biológica de Saltinho) is a Biological Reserve near

Tamandaré Tamandarë (Brazilian Portuguese: ''Tamandaré''; Old Tupi: ''Tamandûaré'', lit. "different") is a coastal municipality about south of Recife, the capital city of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. Geography * State - Pernambuco * Region - ...

in the state of

Pernambuco Pernambuco () is a state of Brazil, located in the Northeast region of the country. With an estimated population of 9.6 million people as of 2020, making it seventh-most populous state of Brazil and with around 98,148 km², being the 19 ...

, Brazil. It contains a sample of the tropical

Atlantic Forest The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and th ...

biome.

History

The reserve lies in the

Rio Formoso Rio Formoso (English: ''River Handsome''), is a municipality in Pernambuco with 23,628 inhabitants. Geography * State - Pernambuco * Region - Zona da mata Pernambucana * Boundaries - Sirinhaém (N); Tamandaré (S); Gameleira (W); Tamandar ...

and

municipalities of

. The reserve, which covers of Atlantic Forest biome, was established on 21 September 1983. It is managed by the

Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (Portuguese: ''Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade'', ICMBio) is the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's administrative arm."Brazilian Federal Law 11.516/2007 (Por ...

. Objectives included protecting rare, endemic and threatened species of native flora and fauna, helping preserve and restore the Atlantic Forest in the state, and supporting scientific research.

Location

The terrain is coastal plain of sedimentary origin, with small hills and ridges. Altitude ranges from . The soils are very deep and well-drained. The Saltinho river, after which the reserve is named, originates a few kilometres upstream from the reserve, and is dammed in the reserve to supply water to the city of

. The average annual temperature is . Annual rainfall is .

Status

As of 2009 the Biological Reserve was a "strict nature reserve" under

IUCN protected area category IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The enlisting of such areas is part ...

Ia, with a terrestrial area of . Protected species include

oncilla The oncilla (''Leopardus tigrinus''), also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and the popul ...

(Leopardus tigrinus),

ocelot The ocelot (''Leopardus pardalis'') is a medium-sized spotted wild cat that reaches at the shoulders and weighs between on average. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Two subspecies are recognized. It is native to the southwes ...

(Leopardus pardalis), the shrimp

Atya scabra ''Atya scabra'' is a species of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. ''Atya scabra'' can reach a length of about in males, while females are generally smaller, reaching about . It lives on rocky bottoms in rivers connected to the Atlantic Oc ...

, and the birds Willis's antbird (Cercomacroides laeta), white-eyed foliage-gleaner (Automolus leucophthalmus),

black-cheeked gnateater The black-cheeked gnateater (''Conopophaga melanops'') is a species of bird in the family Conopophagidae endemic to Brazil. The male is distinguished by its orange crown, black face and white throat, while the female has brown plumage. Taxonomy ...

(Conopophaga melanops),

rufous gnateater The rufous gnateater (''Conopophaga lineata'') is a passerine bird of the gnateater family, Conopophagidae. It is found in forest understory and bushes in eastern Brazil from Rio Grande do Sul north to central Brazil. Its range also extends into ...

(Conopophaga lineata),

blue-crowned motmot The blue-capped motmot or blue-crowned motmot (''Momotus coeruliceps'') is a colorful near-passerine bird found in forests and woodlands of eastern Mexico. This species and the Lesson's Motmot, Whooping Motmot, Trinidad Motmot, Amazonian Motmot, ...

(Momotus momota),

scalloped antbird The scalloped antbird (''Myrmoderus ruficauda'') is a species of passerine bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. ...

(Myrmeciza ruficauda),

great-billed hermit The great-billed hermit (''Phaethornis malaris'') is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bon ...

(phaethornis malaris),

white-shouldered antshrike The white-shouldered antshrike (''Thamnophilus aethiops'') is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland fo ...

(Thamnophilus aethiops) and

long-tailed woodnymph The long-tailed woodnymph (''Thalurania watertonii'') is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It is found in humid forest in northeastern Brazil, where it is known from the states of Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and the northernmo ...

(Thalurania watertonii).

References

Sources

* * * {{Biological reserve (Brazil) Biological reserves of Brazil Protected areas of Pernambuco Protected areas of the Atlantic Forest 1983 establishments in Brazil Protected areas established in 1983