''Salmo'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or h ...

from the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, '' Oncorhynchus''. The natural distribution of ''Salmo'' also extends to

North Africa North Africa, or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in t ...

and to

West Asia Western Asia, West Asia, or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost subregion of the larger geographical region of Asia, as defined by some academics, UN bodies and other institutions. It is almost entirely a part of the Middle East, and includes A ...

around the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, ...

basin. The generic name ''Salmo'' derives from the

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power ...

''salmō'' (salmon). The number of distinct

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

and subspecies in ''Salmo'' is a debated issue. Atlantic salmon and brown trout are widespread species, while most of the other

taxa In biology, a taxon ( back-formation from '' taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular n ...

are narrowly distributed forms

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found els ...

to single

watershed Watershed is a hydrological term, which has been adopted in other fields in a more or less figurative sense. It may refer to: Hydrology * Drainage divide, the line that separates neighbouring drainage basins * Drainage basin, called a "watershe ...

Species

The species currently listed in this genus are: * '' Salmo abanticus'' Tortonese, 1954 (Lake Abant trout) * '' Salmo aestivalis'' Fortunatov, 1926 (Lake Sevan summer trout) * '' Salmo akairos'' Delling & Doadrio, 2005 (Lake Ifni trout) * '' Salmo aphelios'' Kottelat, 1997 (summer trout) * '' Salmo balcanicus'' ( S. L. Karaman, 1927) (Struga trout) *'' Salmo baliki'' Davut Turan, İsmail Aksu, Münevver Oral, Cüneyt Kaya, Esra Bayçelebi - 2021Turan D, Aksu İ, Oral M, Kaya C, Bayçelebi E (2021) Contribution to the trout of Euphrates River, with description of a new species, and range extension of Salmo munzuricus (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 471-482. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.72181 * '' Salmo carpio''

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

, 1758 (Lake Garda trout) * '' Salmo caspius'' Kessler, 1877 (Caspian trout) * '' Salmo cettii'' Rafinesque, 1810 (Mediterranean trout) * ''

Salmo ciscaucasicus ''Salmo ciscaucasicus'', the Caspian salmon, is a salmonid fish endemic to the Caspian Sea and its inflowing rivers.

Dorofeeva Nadiia Volodymyrivna Dorofieieva ( uk, Надія Володимирівна Дорофєєва; born 21 April 1990), professionally known as DOROFEEVA, is a Ukrainian pop singer, fashion designer, blogger, actress and a former member of the po ...

, 1967 (Terek trout) * ''

Salmo coruhensis ''Salmo coruhensis'' is a species of trout, a freshwater salmonid fish. It lives in streams flowing into the Black Sea, in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a l ...

'' Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2010 (Çoruh river trout) * ''

Salmo danilewskii ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, ...

'' (Gul'elmi, 1888) (Gokcha lake trout) * '' Salmo dentex'' ( Heckel, 1851) (Zubatak trout)

* '' Salmo euphrataeus'' Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2014 (Euphrates trout) * '' Salmo ezenami''

L. S. Berg Lev Semyonovich Berg, also known as Leo S. Berg (russian: Лев Семёнович Берг; 14 March 1876 – 24 December 1950) was a leading Russian geographer, biologist and ichthyologist who served as President of the Soviet Geographical S ...

, 1948 (Kezenoi-am trout) * '' Salmo farioides'' S. L. Karaman, 1938 (Balkan brook trout) * '' Salmo ferox''

Jardine Jardine is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Al Jardine (born 1942), member of the Beach Boys * Alexander Jardine (Medal of Honor) (1874–1949), American Medal of Honor recipient * Antonio Jardine (born 1988), NCAA college bas ...

, 1835 (Ferox trout) * ''

Salmo fibreni ''Salmo fibreni'', or the Fibreno trout, is a freshwater salmonid fish, endemic to Lago di Posta Fibreno in central Italy. The size of Lago di Posta Fibreno is only 0.29 km². It is a narrow lake 1.1 km long, 100–300 m wide, situate ...

'' Zerunian &

Gandolfi Gandolfi is an Italian surname, from a Lombardic given name Gundulf. People named Gandolfi * Ubaldo Gandolfi (1728–1781), an Italian painter * Gaetano Gandolfi (1734–1802), an Italian painter * Mauro Gandolfi (1764–1834), an Italian painter a ...

, 1990 (Fibreno trout) * '' Salmo gegarkuni'' Kessler, 1877 (Gokcha trout) * '' Salmo ischchan'' Kessler, 1877 (Sevan trout) * '' Salmo kottelati'' Turan, Doğan, Kaya, & Kanyılmaz, 2014 (Alakir trout) * ''

Salmo labecula ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, '' ...

'' Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2012 * ''

Salmo labrax The Black Sea salmon (''Salmo labrax'') is a fairly small species of salmon, at about long on average and rarely reaching over . It inhabits the northern Black Sea coasts and inflowing rivers. There are anadromous, lacustrine and resident river ...

'' Pallas, 1814 (Black Sea trout) * '' Salmo letnica'' (S. L. Karaman, 1924) (Pestani trout) * '' Salmo lourosensis'' Delling, 2011 (Louros trout) * '' Salmo lumi'' G. D. Poljakov, Filipi, Basho & Hysenaj, 1958 (Lumi trout) * ''

Salmo macedonicus ''Salmo macedonicus'' is a species of fish in the family Salmonidae. It is found only in rivers in the upper Vardar river basin in North Macedonia. It is threatened by habitat loss. The taxonomic status of this fish is controversial.Georgie ...

'' (S. L. Karaman, 1924) (Macedonian trout) * '' Salmo macrostigma'' ( A. H. A. Duméril, 1858) (Maghreb trout) * '' Salmo marmoratus'' G. Cuvier, 1829 (marble trout) * ''

Salmo montenigrinus ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family (biology), family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to ...

'' (S. L. Karaman, 1933) (Montenegro trout) * '' Salmo multipunctata'' Doadrio,

Perea Perea or Peraea (Greek: Περαία, " the country beyond") was the portion of the kingdom of Herod the Great occupying the eastern side of the Jordan River valley, from about one third the way down the Jordan River segment connecting the Sea ...

& Yahyaoui, 2015 (Draa trout) Doadrio, I., Perea, S. & Yahyaoui, A. (2015): Two new species of atlantic trout (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) from Morocco. ''Graellsia, 71 (2): e031.'' * ''

Salmo nigripinnis ''Salmo nigripinnis'', also known as the Sonaghen, is a species of fish within the family Salmoninae. Description ''Salmo nigripinnis'' can range in body colour from light brown to silver, with large black spots. Fins of the species are dark b ...

'' Günther, 1866 (Sonaghen trout) * '' Salmo obtusirostris'' ( Heckel, 1851) ** '' S. o. krkensis'' (S. L. Karaman, 1927) (Krka softmouth trout) ** '' S. o. obtusirostris'' Heckel, 1851 (softmouth trout) ** '' S. o. oxyrhynchus'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ...

, 1882) (Neretva softmouth trout) ** '' S. o. salonitana'' (S. L. Karaman, 1927) (Jadro softmouth trout) ** '' S. o. zetenzis'' ( Hadžišče, 1961) (Zeta softmouth trout) * '' Salmo ohridanus'' Steindachner, 1892 (Ohrid trout) * ''

Salmo okumusi ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, ...

'' Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2014 (Western Euphrates trout) * ''

Salmo opimus ''Salmo opimus'' is a salmonid Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish that constitutes the only currently extant family in the order Salmoniformes . It includes salmon (both Atlantic and Pacific species), trout (both ocean-going and landl ...

'' Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2012 *

† A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species). It is one of the modern descendan ...

'' Salmo pallaryi'' Pellegrin, 1924 (Sidi Ali trout) * ''

Salmo pelagonicus ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, ''O ...

'' S. L. Karaman, 1938 (Pelagonian trout) * '' Salmo pellegrini'' F. Werner, 1931 (Tensift trout) * '' Salmo peristericus'' S. L. Karaman, 1938 (Prespa trout) * '' Salmo platycephalus'' Behnke, 1968 (flathead trout) * ''

Salmo rhodanensis ''Salmo rhodanensis'', or the Rhône trout, is a salmonid fish, a putative species of trout resident in the Rhône river drainage in France and Switzerland. It was previously considered as belonging to ''Salmo trutta The brown trout (''Salmo t ...

'' Fowler, 1974 (Rhône trout) * ''

Salmo rizeensis ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, '' ...

'' Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2010 (Rize River trout) * '' Salmo salar''

, 1758 (Atlantic salmon) Salmo salar flipped

* '' Salmo schiefermuelleri'' Bloch, 1784 (Austrian Lakes trout) Cuvier-102-truite de mer

* ''

Salmo stomachicus Gillaroo (''Salmo stomachicus''}; historically included in ) is a variety of trout which eats primarily snails and is only proven to inhabit Lough Melvin in Ireland. The name gillaroo is derived from the Irish for "red fellow" (); this is due ...

'' Günther, 1866 (Gillaroo trout) Les poissons Salmo stomachicus

* '' Salmo taleri'' (S. L. Karaman, 1933) (Zeta trout) * ''

Salmo tigridis ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family (biology), family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to ...

'' Turan, Kottelat & Bektaş, 2011 (Upper Tigris trout) * ''

Salmo trutta The brown trout (''Salmo trutta'') is a European species of salmonid fish that has been widely introduced into suitable environments globally. It includes purely freshwater populations, referred to as the riverine ecotype, ''Salmo trutta'' Morph ...

, 1758

** '' S. t. aralensis''

, 1908 (Aral trout) ** '' S. t. fario''

, 1758 (brown trout) ** '' S. t. lacustris''

, 1758 (lake trout) ** '' S. t. oxianus'' Kessler, 1874 (Amu-Darya trout) ** '' S. t. trutta''

, 1758 (sea trout) * ''

Salmo viridis ''Salmo'' is a genus of ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae. The single ''Salmo'' species naturally found in the Atlantic North America is the Atlantic salmon, whereas the salmon and trout of the Pacific basin belong to another genus, ...

'' Doadrio,

& Yahyaoui, 2015 (green trout)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q310436 Extant Miocene first appearances Ray-finned fish genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus