Sallaans (;
Low Saxon: ''Sallaands'') is a collective term for the
Westphalian dialects of the region
Salland, in the
province
A province is an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman , which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire, Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...
of
Overijssel
Overijssel (; ; ; ) is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province's name comes from the perspective of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht, Episcopal principality of Utrecht ...
, as well as in minor parts of
Gelderland
Gelderland ( , ), also known as Guelders ( ) in English, is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands, located in the centre-east of the country. With a total area of of which is water, it is the largest province of the Nethe ...
and
Drenthe
Drenthe () is a province of the Netherlands located in the northeastern part of the country. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and the German state of Lower Saxony to the east. As of Jan ...
in the Eastern
Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...
, and a small part in the North and the East of
Veluwe. In the
Kop van Overijssel, the
Stellingwarfs dialect
Stellingwarfs () is a Westphalian and Friso-Saxon dialect spoken in Ooststellingwerf and Weststellingwerf in the Dutch province of Friesland, and also in Steenwijkerland and Westerveld in the Dutch province of Overijssel and Drenthe.
Lik ...
is spoken.
A common term used by native speakers for their dialect, which is also used by Low Saxon speakers from other regions for their respective dialects, is ''plat'' or simply ''dialect''. Yet another common usage is to refer to the language by the name of the local variety, where for instance ''Dal(f)sens'' would be the name for the Sallaans variety spoken in the village of
Dalfsen. Sallands is more influenced by the
Hollandic dialect
Hollandic or Hollandish ( ) is the most widely spoken dialect of the Dutch language. Hollandic is among the Central Dutch dialects. Other important language varieties of spoken Low Franconian languages are Brabantian, Flemish ( East Flemish, ...
s than
Twents or
Achterhoeks. This influence is known as the ''Hollandse expansie''. For example, the word 'house' (Standard Dutch ' ) is ''hoes'' in Twents but ''huus'' in Sallaans. The Hollandic dialects of the 17th century still had not diphthongized to , and due to their prestigious status they triggered the shift from to .
[G.G. Kloeke (1927) De Hollandsche expansie in de zestiende en zeventiende eeuw en haar weerspiegeling in de hedendaagsche Nederlandsche dialecten: Proeve eener historisch-dialectgeographische synthese]
Phonology
Consonants
* appears only as an allophone of before voiced consonants.
* // occurring before and after back-rounded vowels is pronounced as a labio-velar approximant [].
* After long close and close-mid vowels, surfaces as a diphthongization of the vowel, as in ''zoer'' . This also happens in compounds: ''veurkämer'' . It is also often dropped preconsonantally after .
Vowels
* Unlike in Standard Dutch, the long close-mid monophthongs are actual monophthongs and not narrow closing diphthongs . They do not appear before whenever that consonant occurs before a vowel or at the end of a word, where the open-mid series occurs instead.
* The schwa is often dropped before , resulting in a syllabic nasal homorganic with the preceding consonant. This occurs after most consonants, including nasals themselves: ''piepen'' , ''slóffen'' , ''gieten'' , ''kieken'' , ''esprungen'' , ''lachen'' . The sequences and are treated the same, except for the fact that they do not assimilate to the place of articulation of the preceding consonant.
* is realized as before vowels and in the word-final position.
Some examples
Present tense
Past tense
Plurals and diminutives
References
Bibliography
*
Further reading
*
External links
The Parable of the Prodigal Son in the ''Zwolle'' variety of Sallaans
{{Germanic languages
Westphalian dialects
Dutch Low Saxon
Languages of the Netherlands
Culture of Drenthe
Culture of Overijssel
Salland
Emmen, Netherlands