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In contemporary
Thai politics The politics of Thailand are conducted within the framework of a constitutional monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister of Thailand, prime minister is the head of government and a Hereditary monarchy, hereditary monarch is head of state. The judic ...
, ''salim'' (, ) is a Thai slang referring to people who are sceptics of
democracy Democracy (from , ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which political power is vested in the people or the population of a state. Under a minimalist definition of democracy, rulers are elected through competitiv ...
and supports the
military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a d ...
's involvement in politics. Politicist Surachart Bamrungsuk saw ''salim''s as representatives of right wing middle class. The term initially referred to the " multicoloured shirts" as a reference to the colourful Thai dessert ''sarim'' and was considered by some as a pejorative. It later included other people outside the "multicoloured shirts" as well. The term has been used on mainstream media by 2011. In late February 2020, the term gained popularity following the Thai Constitutional Court's order to disband the pro-democracy
Future Forward Party The Future Forward Party (FFP; , ; otherwise known as 'New Future Party') was a social democratic and progressive List of political parties in Thailand, Thai political party from March 2018 to February 2020. The party was founded on 14 March 20 ...
. Students, seeing the order as a political abuse, began to use
hashtag A hashtag is a metadata tag operator that is prefaced by the hash symbol, ''#''. On social media, hashtags are used on microblogging and photo-sharing services–especially Twitter and Tumblr–as a form of user-generated tagging that enable ...
s including the term ''salim'' as their
online activism Internet activism involves the use of electronic-communication technologies such as social media, e-mail, and podcasts for various forms of activism to enable faster and more effective communication by citizen social movement , movements, the deliv ...
against the ruling.


Origin

Thailand in 2005-2010 saw two main political sides either supporting or opposing then prime minister
Thaksin Shinawatra Thaksin Shinawatra (, ; born 26 July 1949) is a Thai businessman and politician who was the 23rd prime minister of Thailand from 2001 to 2006. Since 2009 he has also been a citizen of Montenegro. Thaksin founded the mobile phone operator A ...
. The two identified themselves by their shirt colours, nominally; the yellow shirts ( anti-Thaksin) and the red shirts ( pro-Thaksin). In 2010, a new political group Network of Citizen Volunteers Protecting the Land was formed and identified as the "multicoloured shirts" to distinguish it from the aforementioned two. Some
netizen The term ''netizen'' is a portmanteau of the English words ''internet'' and ''citizen'', as in a "citizen of the net" or "net citizen". It describes a person actively involved in online communities or the Internet in general.
s later called the group ''salim'' after Thai dessert
sarim The Sarim (sometimes known as Saarim), or "forest of scholars", was a powerful faction of literati who emerged in the Early Joseon period under Kil Chae, and would later come to dominate Middle and Late Joseon politics in Korea. After outliving ...
which is known for its colourfulness. The term is believed to be first used on Thai web-board ''
Pantip.com Pantip.com is a popular Thai-language website and Internet forum, discussion forum. As of July 2016, Pantip.com one of the top 10 websites in Thailand and 712 worldwide. Discussions about Thai politics and current events on Pantip.com's topic ...
''.


Definition

The term has always been a topic of various definitions and studies socially, politically, philosophically, and economically. In 2010, Thatsana Thirawatphirom wrote that some shared traits in definitions of ''salim'' include
ultra-royalism The Ultra-royalists (, collectively Ultras) were a French political faction from 1815 to 1830 under the Bourbon Restoration. An Ultra was usually a member of the nobility of high society who strongly supported Roman Catholicism as the state an ...
, religiosity (specifically Buddhism), being educated but uncritically believing the curricula, being broadly skeptical but gullible towards people who are seemingly knowledgeable, being a strong follower of political news and seeing
Thaksin Shinawatra Thaksin Shinawatra (, ; born 26 July 1949) is a Thai businessman and politician who was the 23rd prime minister of Thailand from 2001 to 2006. Since 2009 he has also been a citizen of Montenegro. Thaksin founded the mobile phone operator A ...
as a long-time threat to Thai politics, being bourgeois and trend-setters, and being highly hypocritical. In 2011, Faris Yothasamuth describe the identifying qualities of ''salim'' as being the Thaksin-haters, monarchists, pro-military, democracy skeptics, who lacked reasoning and had a holier-than-thou attitude. Since the 2020 Thai protests, the term has turned derogatory. It has since been used to refer to those who are ultraconservative, ultra-royalist, and pro- Prayut cabinet.


Usages

Prior to 2020 protests, the term was sparsely used by some writers, journalists, and academics including Nidhi Eoseewong and Kham Phaka. In late February 2020, the term gained popularity following the Thai Constitutional Court's order to disband the pro-democracy New Future Party. Students, seeing the order as a political abuse, began to use
hashtag A hashtag is a metadata tag operator that is prefaced by the hash symbol, ''#''. On social media, hashtags are used on microblogging and photo-sharing services–especially Twitter and Tumblr–as a form of user-generated tagging that enable ...
s including the term ''salim'' as their
online activism Internet activism involves the use of electronic-communication technologies such as social media, e-mail, and podcasts for various forms of activism to enable faster and more effective communication by citizen social movement , movements, the deliv ...
against the ruling. Some of them include "#BUกูไม่เอาสลิ่ม" (
Bangkok University Bangkok University (BU; ; ), commonly known as Mo Krung Thep (), has operated since 1962, is one of the oldest and largest private, non-profit universities in Thailand. Bangkok University began in the Kluay Nam Thai area of Bangkok. The unive ...
Udon't want ''salim''s), "#ราชภัฏอยากงัดกับสลิ่ม" ( Rajabhat universities want to fight with ''salim''s), "#KUไม่ใช่ขนมหวานราดกะทิ" (
Kasetsart University Kasetsart University (; ; commonly Kaset or KU) is a public university, public research university in Bangkok, Thailand. It is the largest university in Thailand. It was Thailand's first agriculture, agricultural university and Thailand's third ...
Uis not dessert with coconut milk uggesting the dessert ''salim''. In 29 February, a channel ''SalimVEVO'' released the parody song named ''du salim'' (ดูสลิ่ม, ) with the lyrics beginning with " 'salims'' are those wholove the specially tailored laws" on
YouTube YouTube is an American social media and online video sharing platform owned by Google. YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim who were three former employees of PayPal. Headquartered in ...
.


References

{{reflist Politics of Thailand Thai words and phrases Internet slang Political pejoratives for people