The Sakhalin Oblast Duma () is the regional parliament of

Sakhalin Oblast Sakhalin Oblast ( rus, Сахали́нская о́бласть, r=Sakhalinskaya oblastʹ, p=səxɐˈlʲinskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the Russian ...

, a

federal subject The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation () or simply as the subjects of the federation (), are the administrative division, constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political division ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. Together with the

executive Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to: Role or title * Executive, a senior management role in an organization ** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators ** Executive dir ...

and

judicial The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

branches, the oblast's legislative assembly is vested with power to control the oblast's own affairs with moderate levels of autonomy from

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

. A total of 28 deputies are elected for five-year terms. 18 deputies are elected by single-member constituencies and 10 deputies are elected in party lists.

History

Prior to the dissolution of the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

, the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR was the legislative body of the Soviet Union that was elected by members of the

Congress of People's Deputies of Russia The Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian SFSR () and since 1992 Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation () was the supreme government institution in the Russian SFSR and in the Russian Federation from 16 May 1990 to 21 Se ...

. The Supreme Soviet of Russia itself contained the Council of the Republic and the Council of Nationalities, which represented the population size of the federal subjects and the federal subjects themselves respectively. During the

Russian constitutional crisis of 1993 In September and October 1993, a constitutional crisis arose in the Russian Federation from a conflict between the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin and the country's parliament. Yeltsin performed a self-coup, dissolving parliament and ins ...

, the activities of the regional council of people's deputies were terminated. Power was decentralized to the individual federal subjects in accordance with the presidential decree of October 9, 1993 (No. 1617) "On the Reform of Representative Authorities and Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation" and the decision of the Sakhalin Oblast Governor of October 16, 1993 (No. 251) "On the reform of the Sakhalin Regional People's Deputies". In its aftermath, in accordance with another presidential decree of October 22, 1993 (No. 1723) “On the Basic Principles of the Organization of State Power in the Subjects of the Russian Federation”, the Provisional Regulation on the Regional Duma, which would be the legislative body of Sakhalin Oblast, was approved by the Sakhalin Oblast Governor via decision No. 65 on February 2, 1994. The regulation establishes that the oblast Duma will consist of 16 deputies elected by the population of the region and would have a term of two years.

Structure

As with most of the

regional parliaments of Russia The regional parliaments of Russia are the regional legislatures in the federal subjects of Russia (republics, krais, oblasts, autonomous oblasts and federal cities), which have different names but are often collectively referred to as regio ...

, the Oblast Duma is

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly ...

. As of 2022, it currently comprises 28 deputies, with 18 of them running in single-mandate constituencies and the other 10 in a single at-large electoral district. 18 members are elected in single-member districts by

first-past-the-post voting First-past-the-post (FPTP)—also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality—is a single-winner voting rule. Voters mark one candidate as their favorite, or first-preference, and the candidate with more first- ...

while another 10 are selected by

party-list proportional representation Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered Political party, political parties, with each party being Apportionment (politics), allocated a certain number of seats Apportionm ...

in a single island-wide electoral district. The Oblast Duma, as with all regional legislatures in Russia, elects the Oblast's representation in the

Federation Council The Federation Council, unofficially Senate, is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, with the lower house being the State Duma. It was established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993. Each of the 89 federal s ...

, the upper house of the bicameral Federal Assembly, the national parliament A two-thirds majority vote is needed for a charter or its amendments to be adopted by the Duma. While a simple majority vote is needed for resolutions or laws to be passed in the Duma. The executive branch of Sakhalin works closely with the oblast's Duma. The executive branch is also known as the government Sakhalin. It is headed by the governor, who is the highest ranking person in the oblast. The Governor is not to be confused with the Chairman of the Duma, who is head of the Duma only.

Elections

2017

2022

List of chairpeople

Previous legislative assemblies

References

{{Regional parliaments of Russia Government of Russia Legislatures of the federal subjects of Russia Politics of Sakhalin Oblast