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The Sachin State ( gu, સચીન રિયાસત; ur, سچن ریاست) was a
Early Indian Movies
{{Princely states of the Baroda and Gujarat States Agency Surat district Princely states of Gujarat Muslim princely states of India African diaspora 1791 establishments in India 1948 disestablishments in India
The Sachin State ( gu, સચીન રિયાસત; ur, سچن ریاست) was a princely state
A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to ...
belonging to the Surat Agency, former Khandesh Agency, of the Bombay Presidency
The Bombay Presidency or Bombay Province, also called Bombay and Sind (1843–1936), was an administrative subdivision (province) of British India, with its capital in the city that came up over the seven islands of Bombay. The first mainl ...
during the era of the British Raj
The British Raj (; from Hindi language, Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Q ...
. Its capital was in Sachin, the southernmost town of present-day Surat district
Surat is a district in the state of Gujarat, India with Surat city as the administrative headquarters of this district. It is surrounded by Bharuch, Narmada (North), Navsari (South) districts and east Tapi district To the west is the Gulf o ...
of Gujarat State.
History
Sachin state was founded on 6 June 1791. Though over 85% of the subjects were Hindu, the state was ruled bySunni Muslims
Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word ''Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagr ...
of the Siddi
The Siddi (), also known as the Sheedi, Sidi, or Siddhi, or Habshi are an ethnic group inhabiting India and Pakistan. They are primarily descended from the Bantu peoples of the Zanj coast in Southeast Africa and Ethiopia, most whom arrived to ...
dynasty of Danda-Rajpuri and Janjira State
Janjira State was a princely state in India during the British Raj. Its rulers were a Siddi dynasty of Habesha descent and the state was under the suzerainty of the Bombay Presidency.
Janjira State was located on the Konkan coast in the pre ...
. The Siddi dynasty is of Abyssinian (Habesha
am, ሐበሻ, አበሻ, translit=Häbäša, 'äbäša ti, ሓበሻ, translit=Ḥabäša
, regions =
, languages = Ethiopian Semitic languages
, religions = Predominantly Oriental Orthodox Christianity ( Orthodox ...
) origin.
Sachin State was under the protection of the Maratha
The Marathi people (Marathi: मराठी लोक) or Marathis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are indigenous to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language. Maharashtra was formed as a ...
Peshwa
The Peshwa (Pronunciation: e(ː)ʃʋaː was the appointed (later becoming hereditary) prime minister of the Maratha Empire of the Indian subcontinent. Originally, the Peshwas served as subordinates to the Chhatrapati (the Maratha king); later ...
until it became a British protectorate. It had its own cavalry, currency, and stamped paper, as well as a state band that included Africans.
Fatima Begum
Fatma Begum (1892–1983) was an Indian actress, director, and screenwriter. She is often considered the first female film director of Indian cinema. Within four years, she went on to write, produce and direct many films. She launched her own p ...
(1892–1983), one of the early superstars in Indian cinema
The Cinema of India consists of motion pictures produced in India, which had a large effect on world cinema since the late 20th century. Major centers of film production across the country include Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, K ...
and India's first female film director, was allegedly married to Nawab Sidi Ibrahim Muhammad Yakut Khan III of Sachin State. But Sachin royal family sources cast a veil over this claiming no record of a marriage or contract having taken place between the Nawab and Fatima Bai or of the Nawab having officially recognised their children, Sultana, Zubeida
Zubeida Begum Dhanrajgir (1911 – 21 September 1988) was an Indian actress. She starred in the first Indian talkie movie ''Alam Ara'' (1931). Her credits include early hits ''Devdas (1937 film), Devdas'' (1937), and Sagar Movietone's first ta ...
and Shehzadi, as his own.
Sultana, the daughter of Fatima Begum, became a leading figure in early Indian movies. Zubeida
Zubeida Begum Dhanrajgir (1911 – 21 September 1988) was an Indian actress. She starred in the first Indian talkie movie ''Alam Ara'' (1931). Her credits include early hits ''Devdas (1937 film), Devdas'' (1937), and Sagar Movietone's first ta ...
, leading actress of India's first talkie film Alam Ara
''Alam Ara'' () is a 1931 Indian Hindustani-language historical fantasy film directed and produced by Ardeshir Irani. It revolves on a king and his two wives, Navbahaar and Dilbahaar, who are childless; soon, a ''fakir'' (Muhammad Wazir Khan) ...
(1931), was her younger sister.
Nawab Sidi Ibrahim Muhammad Yakut Khan III, Sachin State's last ruler, signed the accession to join the Indian Union on 8 March 1948. The state then became part of Surat district in Bombay Province.
After the Partition Zubaida stayed in India, while her sister Sultana moved to Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
where she married and had a daughter, Jamila Razzaq, who became a prominent Pakistani actress in the decade between the mid 1950s and the mid 1960s.
Rulers
The rulers of Sachin State bore the title 'Nawab
Nawab (Balochi: نواب; ar, نواب;
bn, নবাব/নওয়াব;
hi, नवाब;
Punjabi : ਨਵਾਬ;
Persian,
Punjabi ,
Sindhi,
Urdu: ), also spelled Nawaab, Navaab, Navab, Nowab, Nabob, Nawaabshah, Nawabshah or Nobab, ...
' and were granted the right of a 9 gun salute
A gun salute or cannon salute is the use of a piece of artillery to fire shots, often 21 in number (''21-gun salute''), with the aim of marking an honor or celebrating a joyful event. It is a tradition in many countries around the world.
Histo ...
by the British authorities.
Nawabs
*6 Jun 1791 – 9 July 1802 Abdul Karim Mohammad Yakut Khan I (b. 17.. – d. 1802) * 9 July 1802 – 25 March 1853 Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan I (d. 1853) *25 Mar 1853 – 1 December 1868 Abdul Karim Mohammad Yakut Khan II (b. 1802 – d. 1868) * 1 December 1868 – 4 March 1873 Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan II (b. 1833 – d. 1873) * 4 March 1873 – 7 January 1887 Abdul Kadir Khan (b. 1865 – d. 1896) * 4 March 1873 – Jul 1886 .... -Regent * 7 February 1887 – 19 November 1930 Ibrahim Mohammad Yakut Khan III (b. 1886 – d. 1930) * 7 February 1887 – 4 May 1907 .... -Regent *19 Nov 1930 – 15 August 1947 Haydar Mohammad Yakut Khan (b. 1909 – d. 1970)See also
*Siddis of Gujarat
The Siddi (), also known as the Sheedi, Sidi, or Siddhi, or Habshi are an ethnic group inhabiting India and Pakistan. They are primarily descended from the Bantu peoples of the Zanj coast in Southeast Africa and Ethiopia, most whom arrived to ...
* Surat Agency
*Political integration of India
After the Indian independence in 1947, the dominion of India was divided into two sets of territories, one under direct British rule, and the other under the suzerainty of the British Crown, with control over their internal affairs remaining ...
References
External links
*Early Indian Movies
{{Princely states of the Baroda and Gujarat States Agency Surat district Princely states of Gujarat Muslim princely states of India African diaspora 1791 establishments in India 1948 disestablishments in India