genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of the
harvestman
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of ext ...
family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened
pedipalp
Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the second pair of appendages of chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") a ...
s with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usually not ornamented, there is a spine on one Nepalese species. Males have long, thin legs, females are stouter.Shear 1975
The genus is widespread in the temperate northern hemisphere, even extending into the subarctic, with the most southern records from caves in the southeastern United States and high elevations in
Nepal
Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne,
सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is ma ...
. The center of diversification seems to be in
Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an ...
, where many species were described from Japan,
Korea
Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republi ...
and Nepal. Some species occur in
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...
.
While the Asian and North American species are easy to differententiate from one another by male genital traits, the few European species are very similar, and seem to be closely related to ''S. cavicolens''. ''S. mitchelli'', which, like the larger ''S. cavicolens'', occurs in the eastern US, is quite different from the latter, with males lacking cheliceral glands. Species from the western US seem most closely related to Asian forms. ''S. astoriensis'' is very similar to ''S. dentipalpe'' and ''S. makinoi''; it was collected from dried seaweed and debris in
beach
A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles. The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, etc., or biological sources, such as mollusc shell ...
dunes.
Almost all ''Sabacon'' species prefer moist, cool microhabitats, and many species live in
cave
A cave or cavern is a natural void in the ground, specifically a space large enough for a human to enter. Caves often form by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word ''cave'' can refer to smaller openings such as sea ...
s, but none are modified for cave life. Outside of caves they are often found in forests or shaded
Sabacon jiriensis
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Martens, 1972
:* ''
Sabacon jonesi
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 (Alabama)
:* ''
Sabacon makinoi
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
Sabacon martensi
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
Sabacon okadai
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Suzuki, 1941
:* ''
Sabacon palpogranulatum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
Sabacon pasonianum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
Sabacon picosantrum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Martens, 1983 (Spain)
:* ''
Sabacon pygmaeum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Miyosi, 1942 (Japan)
:* ''
Sabacon relictum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usually ...
'' Marten, 1972
:* ''
Sabacon robusta
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Simon, 1873 (Spain)
:* ''
Sabacon satoikioi
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Miyosi, 1942
:* ''
Sabacon sergeidedicatum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usually ...
'' Martens, 1989 (Siberia)
:* ''
Sabacon sheari
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usual ...
'' Cokendolpher, 1984 (Oregon)
:* ''
Sabacon simoni
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
'' Dresco, 1952
:* ''
Sabacon siskiyou
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...
Sabacon viscayanum
''Sabacon'' is a genus of the harvestman family Sabaconidae with about forty species.
Species of this genus have usually thickened pedipalps with stiff, fine hairs, which is unique among harvestmen. Although the small eye tubercle is usua ...