Sa, SA, S.A. or s.a. may refer to:

Arts, media and entertainment

Music

* Initialism for "soprano and alto",

voice type A voice type is a classification of the human singing voice into perceivable categories or groups. Particular human singing human voice, voices are identified as having certain qualities or characteristics of vocal range, vocal weight, tessitura ...

s for which a piece of music is written * SA (Samurai Attack), a Japanese punk rock band *

SA Martinez 311 (pronounced "three eleven") is an American rock band from Omaha, Nebraska. The band was formed in 1988 by vocalist and guitarist Nick Hexum, lead guitarist Jim Watson, bassist Aaron "P-Nut" Wills, and drummer Chad Sexton. Watson was repl ...

, a vocalist and DJ for the band 311 * Soziedad Alkoholika, a Spanish punk rock band * ''SA'', a 2018 album by

Jonathan Richman Jonathan Michael Richman (born May 16, 1951) is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. In 1970, he founded the Modern Lovers, an influential proto-punk band. Since the mid-1970s, Richman has worked either solo or with low-key acoustic an ...

Strike Anywhere Strike Anywhere is an American punk rock band from Richmond, Virginia. Formed in 1999 after the demise of frontman Thomas Barnett's previous band, Inquisition, they took their name from the Inquisition song "Strike Anywhere". Their music is ch ...

, a hardcore punk band from Richmond, Virginia

Other media

* ''Sa'' (film), a 2016 Indian film * ''S.A'' (manga), a manga series by Maki Minami * ''

Something Awful ''Something Awful'' (SA) is an American comedy website hosting content including blog entries, Internet forum, forums, feature articles, digitally edited pictures, and humorous media reviews. It was created by Richard Kyanka, Richard "Lowtax" K ...

'', a comedy website *

Star Awards Star Awards (Chinese: 红星大奖) are awards for artistic and technical merit where Mediacorp recognises entertainers under their employment for outstanding performances of the year. The awards are given annually in a ceremony. The various ca ...

, an annual Singaporean television award ceremony * ''

Subterranean Animism is the eleventh main game of the ''Touhou Project'' bullet hell scrolling shooter video game series by Team Shanghai Alice. The game was released on August 16, 2008, during the 74th Comiket. Gameplay ''Subterranean Animism'' is a verticall ...

'', a video game from the Touhou series by ZUN * Siragadikka Aasai (TV series), an Indian TV series

Language and writing

Sa (cuneiform) The cuneiform sa sign is a less common-use sign of the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'', the 1350 BC Amarna letters, and other cuneiform texts. It also has a sumerogrammic usage for SA in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''. The structure of the cuneiform sig ...

, a cuneiform sign *

sa (hieroglyph) Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs ( ) were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt for writing the Egyptian language. Hieroglyphs combined ideographic, logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with more than 1,000 distinct characters.In ...

, an Egyptian hieroglyph meaning "protection" * Sa (kana) (さ and サ), characters (kana) in the two Japanese syllabaries *

Saa language Sa or Saa language is an Austronesian language spoken in southern Pentecost Island, Vanuatu. It had an estimated 2,500 speakers in the year 2000. Dialects and range Sa has numerous dialects, with no well-established names or boundaries. At a me ...

, spoken in Vanuatu *

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...

(ISO 639-1 code: sa), a historical Indo-Aryan language, the liturgical language of Hinduism * , Latin term for 'without year' used in bibliographies to indicate items which do not record the year of publication * (''s.a.'' or ''sa''), Latin term for 'under the year' in annals which record by year *

Sa (Javanese) is a syllabogram in the Javanese script that represents the sounds /sɔ/ and /sa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "sa", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "so". It has another form (''pasangan''), which is , but represented by a single ...

(ꦱ), a character in the Javanese script

Businesses and organizations

Corporations generally

S.A. (corporation) The abbreviation S.A. or SA designates a type of limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance language as their official language and operate a derivative of the 1804, Napoleonic, civil law. Originally, shareholders coul ...

() a type of joint-stock company in civil law countries ** ("

Joint-stock company A joint-stock company (JSC) is a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by their shares (certificates of ownership). Shareho ...

" in Polish)

Military and paramilitary organizations

Soviet Army The Soviet Ground Forces () was the land warfare service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces from 1946 to 1992. It was preceded by the Red Army. After the Soviet Union ceased to exist in December 1991, the Ground Forces remained under th ...

, army of the Soviet Union * (SA), a paramilitary wing of the German Nazi Party (NSDAP), also known as the ''Brownshirts''

Political organisations

Socialist Action (disambiguation) Socialist Action may refer to a number of current and former political parties and organisations, mainly in the Trotskyist tradition: Current *Socialist Action (Canada) *Socialist Action (Hong Kong) *Socialist Action (UK) *Socialist Action (United S ...

, several organisations *

Socialist Alliance (Australia) Socialist Alliance (SA) is an Australian socialist political party and activist organisation. It was founded in 2001 as an alliance of various socialist organisations and activists, initiated by the Democratic Socialist Perspective and the ...

, a Socialist political party * Socialist Alliance (England), a political party in England *

Socialist Alternative (Australia) Socialist Alternative (SA, SAlt, or SocAlt) is a socialist political organisation in Australia. Its members have organised numerous campaigns and protests around economic justice, LGBT rights, climate change, racism and refugee rights. The o ...

, a Marxist political organisation

Other businesses and organizations

System Architect Unicom System Architect is an enterprise architecture tool that is used by the business and technology departments of corporations and government agencies to model their business operations and the systems, applications, and databases that suppor ...

, an enterprise architecture product *

San Antonio Spurs The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio. The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Southwest Division (NBA), Southwest Division of the Western Conference (NBA ...

, a basketball team in the U.S. National Basketball Association *

The Salvation Army The Salvation Army (TSA) is a Protestantism, Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation headquartered in London, England. It is aligned with the Wesleyan-Holiness movement. The organisation reports a worldwide m ...

, an international church and charity *

Sexaholics Anonymous Sexaholics Anonymous (SA), founded in 1979, is one of several twelve-step programs for compulsive sexual behavior, based on the original twelve steps of Alcoholics Anonymous. SA is part of a group of twelve-step organization addressing sexual ...

, a sex-addiction recovery group based on the 12 steps of Alcoholics Anonymous *

Scouting America Scouting America is the largest scouting organization and one of the largest List of youth organizations, youth organizations in the United States, with over 1 million youth, including nearly 200,000 female participants. Founded as the Boy Sco ...

, main scouting movement in the United States *

Shooting Australia Shooting Australia is the governing body for shooting sports in Australia. The company is registered as Australian International Shooting Limited, but trades under the Shooting Australia brand. About Shooting Australia is the peak body responsi ...

, governing body for target shooting sports in Australia *

Smokers Anonymous Nicotine Anonymous (NicA) is a twelve-step program founded in 1982 for people desiring to quit smoking and live free of nicotine. As of July 2017, there are over 700 face-to-face meetings in 32 countries worldwide with the majority of these meetin ...

South African Airways South African Airways (SAA) is the flag carrier of South Africa. Founded in 1929 as Union Airways it later rebranded to South African Airways in 1934, the airline is headquartered in Airways Park at O. R. Tambo International Airport in Johannes ...

(IATA airline designator: SA) *

Sports Authority Sports Authority, Inc. (formerly The Sports Authority) was an American sports retailer based in Englewood, Colorado. At its peak, Sports Authority operated 463 stores in 45 States and Puerto Rico. The company's website was on the GSI Commer ...

, a defunct U.S. sporting goods retailer *

Success Academy Charter Schools Success Academy Charter Schools, originally Harlem Success Academy, is a charter school operator in New York City. Eva Moskowitz, a former city council member for the Upper East Side, is its founder and CEO. It has 47 schools in the New York ...

, term commonly abbreviated to 'Success Academy'

Places

* Vehicle registration plate for the

province of Salerno The province of Salerno () is a province in the Campania region of Italy. It has 1,054,766 inhabitants as of 2025. Geography The largest towns in the province are: Salerno, the capital, which has a population of 131,950; Cava de' Tirreni, Bat ...

, Italy * SA postcode area, a group of postal districts near Swansea, Wales, UK *

Sakha Republic Sakha, officially the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia, and the largest federal subject of Russia by area. It is located in the Russian Far East, along the Arctic Ocean, with a population of one million ...

, a federal Russian republic *

Saline County, Kansas Saline County is located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat and largest city is Salina. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 54,303. The county was named after the Saline River. History Early history For many mill ...

, U.S. *

San Antonio San Antonio ( ; Spanish for " Saint Anthony") is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the most populous city in Greater San Antonio. San Antonio is the third-largest metropolitan area in Texas and the 24th-largest metropolitan area in the ...

, Texas, U.S. *

Sarajevo Sarajevo ( ), ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'' is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 2 ...

(official city abbreviation) *

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in West Asia. Located in the centre of the Middle East, it covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula and has a land area of about , making it the List of Asian countries ...

(two-letter country code) *

South Asia South Asia is the southern Subregion#Asia, subregion of Asia that is defined in both geographical and Ethnicity, ethnic-Culture, cultural terms. South Asia, with a population of 2.04 billion, contains a quarter (25%) of the world's populatio ...

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

South Australia South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, which in ...

Science, technology, and mathematics

Biology and medicine

Salicylic acid Salicylic acid is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H4COOH. A colorless (or white), bitter-tasting solid, it is a precursor to and a active metabolite, metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). It is a plant hormone, and has been lis ...

, a plant hormone *

Spontaneous abortion Miscarriage, also known in medical terms as a spontaneous abortion, is an end to pregnancy resulting in the loss and expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the womb before it can survive independently. Miscarriage before 6 weeks of gestation is ...

* Sustained action, a longer-acting form of a medication *

Surface area The surface area (symbol ''A'') of a solid object is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. The mathematical definition of surface area in the presence of curved surfaces is considerably more involved than the d ...

Sense of agency The sense of agency (SoA), or sense of control, is the subjective awareness of initiating, executing, and controlling one's own volitional actions in the world.Jeannerod, M. (2003). The mechanism of self-recognition in human. Behavioural Brain R ...

Computing and telecommunications

* .sa, the country code top level domain (ccTLD) for Saudi Arabia *

Security association A security association (SA) is the establishment of shared security attributes between two network entities to support secure communication. An SA may include attributes such as: cryptographic algorithm and mode; traffic encryption key; and param ...

in the IPsec networking protocol *

Selective availability The error analysis for the Global Positioning System is important for understanding how GPS works, and for knowing what magnitude of error should be expected. The GPS makes corrections for receiver clock errors and other effects but there are sti ...

, a mechanism for degrading the precision of the civilian GPS network *

Simulated annealing Simulated annealing (SA) is a probabilistic technique for approximating the global optimum of a given function. Specifically, it is a metaheuristic to approximate global optimization in a large search space for an optimization problem. ...

, an optimisation technique *

Software architect A software architect is a software engineer responsible for high-level design choices related to overall system structure and behavior. It's software architect's responsibility to match architectural characteristics (aka non-functional requirem ...

Software architecture Software architecture is the set of structures needed to reason about a software system and the discipline of creating such structures and systems. Each structure comprises software elements, relations among them, and properties of both elements a ...

Microsoft Software Assurance Microsoft Software Assurance (SA) is a Microsoft maintenance program aimed at business users who use Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office, and other server and . The core premise behind SA is to give users the ability to spread payments over seve ...

* Structured analysis, a software engineering technique *

Suffix array In computer science, a suffix array is a sorted array of all suffixes of a string. It is a data structure used in, among others, full-text indices, data-compression algorithms, and the field of bibliometrics. Suffix arrays were introduced by as ...

, a sorted array of all suffixes of a string *

System administrator An IT administrator, system administrator, sysadmin, or admin is a person who is responsible for the upkeep, configuration, and reliable operation of computer systems, especially multi-user computers, such as Server (computing), servers. The ...

System architecture A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior, and views of a system. An architecture description is a formal description and representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the s ...

Systems analysis Systems analysis is "the process of studying a procedure or business to identify its goal and purposes and create systems and procedures that will efficiently achieve them". Another view sees systems analysis as a problem-solving technique that ...

Systems analyst A systems analyst, also known as business technology analyst, is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems. Systems analysts assess the suitability of information syst ...

System agent "Uncore" is a term used by Intel to describe the functions of a microprocessor that are not in the core, but which must be closely connected to the core to achieve high performance. It has been called "system agent" since the release of the Sandy ...

* Standalone mode, a deployment mode for

5G NR 5G NR (5G New Radio) is a radio access technology (RAT) developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for the 5G (fifth generation) mobile network. It was designed to be the global standard for the air interface of 5G networks. It is ...

Other uses in science, technology, and mathematics

Sa (Islamic measure) The Sāʿ ( and in spelling, and ''sa'e'' in the Latin alphabet, literally: "one") is an ancient measurement of volume from the Islamic world, with cultural and religious significance. While its exact volume is uncertain, the Arabic word ''Sāʿ ...

, Arabic measure of volume *

Samarium Samarium is a chemical element; it has symbol Sm and atomic number 62. It is a moderately hard silvery metal that slowly oxidizes in air. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, samarium usually has the oxidation state +3. Compounds of s ...

(former chemical symbol: Sa), a rare earth metal *

Single action A trigger is a mechanism that actuates the function of a ranged weapon such as a firearm, airgun, crossbow, or speargun. The word may also be used to describe a switch that initiates the operation of other non-shooting devices such as a tr ...

, a type of firearm trigger *

Situation awareness Situational awareness or situation awareness, often abbreviated as SA is the understanding of an environment, its elements, and how it changes with respect to time or other factors. It is also defined as the perception of the elements in the envi ...

, a component of aviation safety and other socio-technical systems *

Spectral acceleration Spectral acceleration (SA) is a unit measured in ''g'' (the acceleration due to Earth's gravity, equivalent to g-force) that describes the maximum acceleration in an earthquake on an object – specifically a damped, harmonic oscillator moving in ...

, in seismology and earthquake engineering *

Superabundant number In mathematics, a superabundant number is a certain kind of natural number. A natural number is called ''superabundant'' precisely when, for all : :\frac < \frac where denotes the Unbarred spiral galaxy An unbarred spiral galaxyAstronomy Pictures(accessed 18 April 2010) is a type of spiral galaxy without a central bar, or one that is not a barred spiral galaxy. It is designated with an SA in the galaxy morphological classification scheme. A ne ...

* Short axis, in

single-photon emission computed tomography Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT, or less commonly, SPET) is a nuclear medicine tomography, tomographic imaging technique using gamma rays. It is very similar to conventional nuclear medicine planar imaging using a gamma camera ...

Other uses

Sa (Mandaeism) In Mandaeism, the ṣa () is a rolled-up piece of sacramental flatbread that contains nuts and raisins, is also used in ritual meals for the dead and has a phallic symbolism. It is a small round flap of unleavened bread that is rolled up like a ...

, a type of Mandaean sacramental bread that is rolled up *

Simple asphyxiant An asphyxiant gas, also known as a simple asphyxiant, is a nontoxic or minimally toxic gas which reduces or displaces the normal oxygen concentration in breathing air. Breathing of oxygen-depleted air can lead to death by asphyxiation (suffocation) ...

, encoded on NFPA 704 as ''SA'' *

Seaman apprentice Seaman apprentice is the second lowest enlisted rate in the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, and the U.S. Naval Sea Cadet Corps just above seaman recruit and below seaman; this rank was formerly known as seaman second class. The current rank o ...

, a U.S. Navy and Coast Guard rank *

Secrecy agreement A non-disclosure agreement (NDA), also known as a confidentiality agreement (CA), confidential disclosure agreement (CDA), proprietary information agreement (PIA), or secrecy agreement (SA), is a legal contract or part of a contract between at le ...

, a legal contract for confidentiality *

Sex appeal Sexual attraction is attraction on the basis of sexual desire or the quality of arousing such interest. Sexual attractiveness or sex appeal is an individual's ability to attract other people sexually, and is a factor in sexual selection or m ...

, attraction on the basis of sexual desire *

Sexual assault Sexual assault is an act of sexual abuse in which one intentionally Physical intimacy, sexually touches another person without that person's consent, or Coercion, coerces or physically forces a person to engage in a sexual act against their w ...

, the intentional act of sexually touching another person without their consent *

Share-alike Share-alike is a copyright licensing term, originally used by the Creative Commons project, to describe works or licenses that require copies or adaptations of the work to be released under the same or similar license as the original. Copyleft li ...

, a term used in Creative Commons licensing *

Second Amendment The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes, and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60 = 86400). The current and formal definition in the International System of Un ...

to the constitutions of several sovereign states and subnational entities **

Second Amendment to the United States Constitution The Second Amendment (Amendment II) to the United States Constitution protects the Right to keep and bear arms in the United States, right to keep and bear arms. It was ratified on December 15, 1791, along with nine other articles of the Un ...

, the most common meaning of "Second Amendment" * Single adult (LDS Church), a designation in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for unmarried individuals 18 and older; sometimes used specifically to refer to unmarried individuals over 30 *

Special agent In the United States, a special agent is an official title used to refer to certain investigators or detectives of federal, military, tribal, or state agencies who primarily serve in criminal investigatory positions. Additionally, some special ...

, a position usually held by investigative officers within certain law enforcement agencies in the United States * San Andreas (disambiguation) * MG SA, a sporting saloon