The short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (SDR) is a very large

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of enzymes, most of which are known to be NAD- or NADP-dependent

oxidoreductases In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually ut ...

. As the first member of this family to be characterised was Drosophila

alcohol dehydrogenase Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) () are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the interconversion between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones with the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to N ...

, this family used to be called 'insect-type', or 'short-chain' alcohol dehydrogenases. Most members of this family are proteins of about 250 to 300 amino acid residues. Most dehydrogenases possess at least 2 domains, the first binding the coenzyme, often NAD, and the second binding the substrate. This latter domain determines the substrate specificity and contains amino acids involved in catalysis. Little sequence similarity has been found in the coenzyme binding domain although there is a large degree of structural similarity, and it has therefore been suggested that the structure of dehydrogenases has arisen through gene fusion of a common ancestral coenzyme nucleotide sequence with various substrate specific domains.

Subfamilies

* Glucose/ribitol dehydrogenase * Insect alcohol dehydrogenase family * 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase

Human proteins containing this domain

BDH1 D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''BDH1'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene family. The encoded protein forms a homotetrameric lipid- ...

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BDH2 BDH is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to: *The AMEX code for ML BRDBND HLDR12/40 (a broadband diversification instrument). *The National Rail station code for Bedhampton railway station, Havant, England * Beta-hydroxyDeHydrogenase, enzym ...

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CBR1 Carbonyl reductase 1, also known as CBR1, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''CBR1'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family, which function as NADPH-dependent oxidore ...

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CBR3 Carbonyl reductase ADPH3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CBR3'' gene. Carbonyl reductase 3 catalyzes the reduction of a large number of biologically and pharmacologically active carbonyl compounds to their corresponding alcoho ...

; CBR4; DCXR; DECR1;

DECR2 Peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DECR2'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides ...

; DHRS1; DHRS10; DHRS13;

DHRS2 Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DHRS2'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucle ...

; DHRS3; DHRS4; DHRS4L2; DHRS7;

DHRS7B Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 7B is an enzyme encoded by the DHRS7B gene in humans, found on chromosome 17p11.2. DHRS7B encodes a protein that is predicted to function in steroid hormone regulation. A deletion in the chromosomal regi ...

; DHRS8;

DHRS9 Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DHRS9'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleo ...

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DHRSX Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) X-linked also known as DHRSX is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the pseudoautosomal ''DHRSX'' gene. DHRSX is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase family of oxidoreductase enzymes. DHRSX is requi ...

; FASN;

FVT1 3-dehydrosphinganine reductase () also known as 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase (KDSR) or follicular variant translocation protein 1 (FVT1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''KDSR'' gene. Function 3-dehydrosphinganine reductas ...

;

HADH2 ACADSB is a human gene that encodes short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SBCAD), an enzyme in the acyl CoA dehydrogenase family. It can cause short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Structure The human ACADSB ...

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HPGD Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD) (the HUGO-approved official symbol = HPGD; HGNC ID, HGNC:5154), also called 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase AD+ is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HPGD'' gene. In melanocytic cells ...

; HSD11B1;

HSD11B2 Corticosteroid 11-β-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 also known as 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the gene. Function Corticosteroid 11-β-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 is an NAD+-dependent enzyme expressed in ...

; HSD17B1; HSD17B10;

HSD17B12 Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HSD17B12'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides ...

; HSD17B13; HSD17B2;

HSD17B3 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (17β-HSD3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HSD17B3'' gene and is involved in androgen steroidogenesis. Function This isoform of 17β-HSD is expressed predominantly in the testis and catalyz ...

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HSD17B4 D-bifunctional protein (DBP), also known as peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 (MFP-2), as well as 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type IV (17β-HSD type IV) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSD17B4'' gene. It's an alcoho ...

; HSD17B6;

HSD17B7 3-keto-steroid reductase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HSD17B7'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA tha ...

; HSD17B7P2; HSD17B8; HSDL1; HSDL2; PECR; QDPR;

RDH10 Retinol dehydrogenase 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RDH10'' gene on chromosome 8. Function RDH10 is a membrane-bound NAD+-dependent retinol dehydrogenase which belongs to the superfamily of short-chain dehydrogenases. RD ...

; RDH11; RDH12;

RDH13 Retinol dehydrogenase 13 (all-trans/9-cis) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RDH13 gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides ...

;

RDH14 Retinol dehydrogenase 14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RDH14'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that i ...

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RDH16 Retinol dehydrogenase 16 (all-trans) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RDH16'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in ...

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RDH5 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RDH5'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA tha ...

; RDH8; RDHE2; RDHS; SCDR10; SPR;

WWOX WW domain-containing oxidoreductase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''WWOX'' gene. Function WW domain-containing proteins are found in all eukaryotes and play an important role in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular fun ...

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References

{{reflist Protein domains Single-pass transmembrane proteins