SABCA () is a Belgian

aerospace Aerospace is a term used to collectively refer to the atmosphere and outer space. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astron ...

company. Its main sectors of activity are

civil aviation Civil aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military and non-state aviation, which can be both private and commercial. Most countries in the world are members of the International Civil Aviation Organization and ...

space Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless ...

and

defence Defense or defence may refer to: Tactical, martial, and political acts or groups * Defense (military), forces primarily intended for warfare * Civil defense, the organizing of civilians to deal with emergencies or enemy attacks * Defense indust ...

. SABCA was established during 1920. Presently, it is owned by the Belgian group Orizio, itself owned by the Société Fédérale de Participations et d'Investissement (SFPIM) (a Belgian federal holding) and Sabena Aerospace.

History

During 1920, SABCA was founded with the purpose of locally designing and building aircraft to satisfy

Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeas ...

's emerging aviation requirements. Its first manufacturing site was adjacent to

Haren Airport Haren Airport or Evere Airfield is a former military airfield and civil airport in Brussels, Belgium. Located in Brussels' city section of Haren and adjacent municipality of Evere, it was established by the German Empire in 1914 and lasted until ...

, in the suburbs of

Brussels Brussels, officially the Brussels-Capital Region, (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) is a Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium#Regions, region of Belgium comprising #Municipalit ...

. During the

Interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II ( ...

, the company produced a number of in-house designs, as well as engaging in the manufacture of both civil and military aircraft. Throughout its existence, SABCA has been a prolific user of production licenses, which have authorised the firm to build other manufacturers' aircraft. During 1926, the company constructed a total 15

Airco DH.4 The Airco DH.4 is a British two-seat biplane day bomber of the First World War. It was designed by Geoffrey de Havilland (hence "DH") for Airco, and was the first British two-seat light day-bomber capable of defending itself. It was desig ...

light bomber A light bomber is a relatively small and fast type of military bomber aircraft that was primarily employed before the 1950s. Such aircraft would typically not carry more than one ton of ordnance. The earliest light bombers were intended to dr ...

s.Jackson 1987, p. 60. While its operations were disrupted by the German occupation of Belgium during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, SABCA resumed operations shortly following the end of the conflict. In 1955, a new manufacturing plant was opened at

Charleroi Airport Brussels South Charleroi Airport (BSCA), informally called Brussels-Charleroi Airport, Charleroi Brussels-South or Charleroi Airport , is an international airport located in Gosselies, part of the city of Charleroi, Belgium. The airport is no ...

. Around this same period, SABCA became involved in early

European space programmes European, or Europeans, may refer to: In general * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to Europe ** Ethnic groups in Europe ** Demographics of Europe ** European cuisine, the cuisines of Europe and other West ...

; the firm would be involved in the production of

Spacelab Spacelab was a reusable laboratory developed by European Space Agency (ESA) and used on certain spaceflights flown by the Space Shuttle. The laboratory comprised multiple components, including a pressurized module, an unpressurized carrier, ...

as well as both the

Ariane Ariane may refer to: *Ariana (name), also Ariane, Arianne Arts * ''Ariane'' (Martinů), an opera by Bohuslav Martinů, first performed 1961 * ''Ariane'' (Massenet), an opera by Jules Massenet, first performed 1906 * ''Ariane'' (film), a 1931 ...

and

Vega Vega is the brightest star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It has the Bayer designation α Lyrae, which is Latinised to Alpha Lyrae and abbreviated Alpha Lyr or α Lyr. This star is relatively close at only from the Sun, and ...

expendable launch system An expendable launch system (or expendable launch vehicle/ELV) is a launch vehicle that can be launched only once, after which its components are destroyed during reentry or impact with Earth, or discarded in space. ELVs typically consist of s ...

s. SABCA also cooperated with the Dutch manufacturer

Fokker Fokker (; ) was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer that operated from 1912 to 1996. The company was founded by the Dutch aviator Anthony Fokker and became famous during World War I for its fighter aircraft. During its most successful period in the 19 ...

in the manufacture of its F27 Friendship and 50 short-haul

airliner An airliner is a type of airplane for transporting passengers and air cargo. Such aircraft are most often operated by airlines. The modern and most common variant of the airliner is a long, tube shaped, and jet powered aircraft. The largest ...

s. Other civil programmes the firm was involved with include producing elements of the

Dassault Mercure The Dassault Mercure was a twin-engined narrow-body jet-powered airliner developed and manufactured by French aircraft firm Dassault Aviation. According to Dassault, it was the first large-scale European cooperative civil aeronautics programme ...

and

VFW-Fokker 614 The VFW-Fokker 614 (also VFW 614) was a twin-engined jet airliner, jetliner designed and constructed by joint Netherlands, Dutch and West Germany, West German aviation company VFW-Fokker. It is the first jet-powered passenger liner to be develope ...

airliners. Throughout the

postwar A post-war or postwar period is the interval immediately following the end of a war. The term usually refers to a varying period of time after World War II, which ended in 1945. A post-war period can become an interwar period or interbellum, ...

era, the company was involved in the manufacturing of large numbers of licensed aircraft as well as associated upgrade programmes; such aircraft included the

Hawker Hunter The Hawker Hunter is a transonic British jet propulsion, jet-powered fighter aircraft that was developed by Hawker Aircraft for the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the late 1940s and early 1950s. It was designed to take advantage of the newly dev ...

, the

Republic F-84 Thunderjet The Republic F-84 Thunderjet is an American turbojet fighter-bomber aircraft. Originating as a 1944 United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) proposal for a "day fighter", the F-84 first flew in 1946. Although it entered service in 1947, the Thunde ...

, the

Lockheed F-104G Starfighter The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic interceptor. Created as a day fighter by Lockheed as one of the "Century Series" of fighter aircraft for the United States Air Force (USAF), it was developed into an all- ...

, the

Dassault Mirage 5 The Dassault Mirage 5 is a French supersonic attack aircraft/fighter-bomber designed by Dassault Aviation during the 1960s and manufactured in France and other countries. It was derived from Dassault's popular Mirage III fighter and spawned sev ...

, and the

AgustaWestland AW109 The AgustaWestland AW109, originally the Agusta A109, is a lightweight, twin-engine, eight-seat multi-purpose helicopter designed and initially produced by the Italian rotorcraft manufacturer Agusta. It was the first all-Italian helicopter to b ...

helicopter. During the 1970s and 1980s, SABCA was responsible for operating one of the two European production lines for the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon; a total of 164 aircraft would be manufactured at its Brussels South Charleroi Airport, Gosselies facility. The European co-production initiative was officially launched on 1 July 1977; under this arrangement,

-produced components were delivered to General Dynamics' Fort Worth facility for fuselage assembly, which were then shipped back to Europe for final assembly of the aircraft at the SABCA's facility; deliveries to the Belgian Air Force started in January 1979. During the following year, SABCA commenced deliveries to the Royal Norwegian Air Force. During 1989, SABCA's involvement in the civil aviation sector received a significant boost via the first risk-sharing contract with the multinational aerospace conglomerate Airbus. It has since been a participant in all Airbus programmes, including the Airbus A380, A380, the Airbus A400M Atlas, A400M Atlas, and the Airbus A350 XWB, A350 XWB. SABCA also designs and manufactures subassemblies on behalf of other manufacturers, including Dassault Aviation and Gulfstream Aerospace. During 1992, demand for Composite material, composite components had grown to the point where a dedicated subsidiary, ''SABCA Limburg'', was established to focus specifically on this activity.

Products

* SABCA-Julien SJ 1 - Monoplane * Gambier-SABCA * SABCA Castar - 1923 Monoplane, also known as the Poncelet Castar * SABCA Camgul - 1925 single-engine biplane *

- (15 built in 1926) * Fokker F.VII, SABCA F.VII - license-built Fokker F.VII * SABCA S.2 - 1926 single-engine airliner * SABCA S.3 - projected monoplane trimotor transport * SABCA S.4 - projected single-engine sesquiplane fighter * SABCA S.11 - 1931 trimotor airliner * SABCA S.XII - 1931 trimotor feederliner; also known as S.12 * SABCA S.13 - projected army observation aircraft * SABCA S.14 - projected 1931 parasol-winged reconnaissance aircraft * SABCA S.20 - 1935 cabin tourer with elliptical wings * SABCA S.30 - 1936 parasol-winged light aircraftGrey John C.G. & Bridgman, Leonard. ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938''. Sampson Low, Marston & company, Ltd. . London. 1938. * SABCA S.40 - 1939 two-seat trainer * SABCA S.42 - projected 1938 two-seat fighter-trainer, scaled up, higher power version of S.40 * Caproni Ca.135, SABCA S.45 - projected license-built Caproni Ca.135 * Caproni Ca.310, SABCA S.46 - projected license-built Caproni Ca.310 * Caproni Ca.335, SABCA S.47 - license-built Caproni Ca.335 * Caproni Ca.313, SABCA S.48 - projected license-built Caproni Ca.312; cancelled due to the German invasion of Belgium (1940), Fall of Belgium * SABCA S.60 Planned jet trainer, not built.https://www.secretprojects.co.uk/threads/sabca-s-60.1767/ * Savoia-Marchetti S.73, SABCA S.73 - license-built Savoia-Marchetti S.73

Locations

SABCA has operations in two locations: * Haren Airport, Brussels - company headquarters and the main centre of operations. * Limburg (Belgium), Limburg - high-performance composite component manufacturing subsidiary opened in 1989. Before the merge with Sabena Engineering, SABCA also operated in Brussels South Charleroi Airport, Charleroi: military aircraft and helicopter maintenance, technical and logistic support to the customers, opened in 1955.

References

Citations

Bibliography

* Grey John C.G. & Bridgman, Leonard. ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938''. Sampson Low, Marston & company, Ltd. London. 1938. * Jackson, A.J. ''De Havilland Aircraft since 1909''. London: Putnam, Third edition, 1987. . * Peacock, Lindsay. ''On Falcon Wings: The F-16 Story''. RAF Fairford, United Kingdom: The Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund Enterprises, 1997. . * Richardson, Doug. ''General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon''. London: Salamander Books, 1990. .

External links

SABCA
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Societe Anonyme Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Aircraft manufacturers of Belgium Dassault Group Belgian companies established in 1920 Manufacturing companies based in Brussels SABCA aircraft,