''S''-Adenosylmethioninamine is a
substrate
Substrate may refer to:
Physical layers
*Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached
** Substrate (locomotion), the surface over which an organism lo ...
that is required for the biosynthesis of
polyamines
A polyamine is an organic compound having more than two amino groups. Alkyl polyamines occur naturally, but some are synthetic. Alkylpolyamines are colorless, hygroscopic, and water soluble. Near neutral pH, they exist as the ammonium derivatives. ...
including
spermidine
Spermidine is a polyamine compound () found in ribosomes and living tissues and having various metabolic functions within organisms. It was originally isolated from semen.
Function
Spermidine is an aliphatic polyamine. Spermidine synthase (SPDS ...
,
spermine
Spermine is a polyamine involved in cellular metabolism that is found in all eukaryotic cells. The precursor for synthesis of spermine is the amino acid ornithine. It is an essential growth factor in some bacteria as well. It is found as a po ...
, and
thermospermine.
It is produced by
decarboxylation
Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is ...
of
''S''-adenosyl methionine.
See also
*
Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase
The enzyme adenosylmethionine decarboxylase () catalyzes the conversion of ''S''-adenosyl methionine to ''S''-adenosylmethioninamine.
Polyamines such as spermidine and spermine are essential for cellular growth under most conditions, being i ...
*
Spermidine synthase
*
Spermine synthase
*
Thermospermine synthase (ACAULIS5)
References
Nucleosides
Purines
Organosulfur compounds
Cations
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