Rytwiany is a

village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...

Staszów County __NOTOC__ Staszów County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms pass ...

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship ( ), also known as Holy Cross Voivodeship, is a voivodeship (province) in southeastern Poland, in the historical region of Lesser Poland. The province's capital and largest city is Kielce. The voivodeship takes its ...

, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the

gmina The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' ) is the basic unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,479 gminy throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminy include cities and tow ...

(administrative district) called Gmina Rytwiany. It lies on the Czarna Staszowska river, approximately south-east of

Staszów Staszów is a town in southeastern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (historic province of Lesser Poland), about southeast of Kielce, and northeast of Kraków. It is the capital of Staszów County. The population is 15,108 (2010), which ...

and south-east of the regional capital

Kielce Kielce (; ) is a city in south-central Poland and the capital of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. In 2021, it had 192,468 inhabitants. The city is in the middle of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains (Holy Cross Mountains), on the banks of the Silnic ...

History

Rytwiany, which belongs to the historic province of

Lesser Poland Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name ''Małopolska'' (; ), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a separate cult ...

, has a rich and long history. First documented owner of the village was a nobleman named Piotr Bogoria Skotnicki (13th century), and across the centuries, Rytwiany belonged to a number of owners, including Cardinal Wojciech Jastrzębiec, Hieronymus Jaroslaw Łaski, the

Lubomirski family The House of Lubomirski is a Polish princely family. The Lubomirski family's coat of arms is the Drużyna coat of arms, which is similar to the Szreniawa coat of arms but without a cross. Origin and the coat of arms The Lubomirski f ...

, the

Potocki family The House of Potocki (; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent szlachta, Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Po ...

, the

Radziwiłł family The House of Radziwiłł (; ; ; ) is a Polish princely family of Lithuanian origin, and one of the most powerful magnate families originating from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later also prominent in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. Pa ...

, and several others. In 1425–1436, Bishop Jastrzębiec built a defensive Gothic castle in Rytwiany, surrounded by the swamps of the Czarna river. The castle, partly destroyed in 1657 (see

Deluge A deluge is a large downpour of rain, often a flood. The Deluge refers to the flood narrative in the biblical book of Genesis. Deluge or Le Déluge may also refer to: History *Deluge (history), the Swedish and Russian invasion of the Polish-L ...

) was inhabited until the 19th century, then fell into a ruin, to be finally demolished in 1859. All that now remains of it is a

fortified tower A fortified tower (also defensive tower or castle tower or, in context, just tower) is one of the defensive structures used in fortifications, such as castles, along with defensive walls such as curtain walls. Castle towers can have a variety of ...

. In the early 17th century, when the village and the castle belonged to the

Tęczyński family The House of Tęczyński was a powerful family of nobility (''szlachta'') in the Kingdom of Poland, during the times of the late Piast dynasty, the Jagiellon dynasty and in the early decades of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (from 14th ce ...

, it was a cultural center of the region. In 1621, upon request of

Jan Tęczyński Jan Tęczyński may refer to: * Jan Tęczyński (1581–1637), ''voivode'' of Kraków (1620–1637), Cup-Bearer of the Crown in 1618 * Jan Tęczyński (died 1405), member of the Tęczyński family, starost and castellan of Kraków * Jan Tęczyńsk ...

Camaldolese The Camaldolese Hermits of Mount Corona () are a Catholic Church, Catholic monastic order of pontifical right for men founded by Romuald, St. Romuald. Its name is derived from the Holy Hermitage () in Camaldoli, high in the mountains of Tuscany, ...

monks settled here, building an abbey and a church. The monks moved to Warsaw in 1819, and their church now serves as a local parish church. In the late 19th century, the Radziwiłł family, who were the last owners of the village, built here a palace, which was remodelled in 2005 and now is a hotel. During the

German occupation of Poland German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

(

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

), the Polish resistance movement was active in the village, and

Polish underground press The Polish underground press, devoted to prohibited materials ( sl. , lit. semitransparent blotting paper or, alternatively, , lit. second circulation), has a long history of combatting censorship of oppressive regimes in Poland. It existed th ...

was distributed in Rytwiany.

Demography

According to the 2002 Poland census, there were 1,672 people residing in Rytwiany village, of whom 49.5% were male and 50.5% were female. In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 37.7% from 18 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older.

ImageSize = width:350 height:220 PlotArea = left:70 right:15 top:30 bottom:50 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal AlignBars = justify Colors = id:gray1 value:gray(0.9) id:blue1 value:rgb(0.2,0.7,0.8) legend:Male id:red1 value:rgb(1,0.5,0.5) legend:Female id:green1 value:rgb(0,1,0) Legend = orientation:horizontal top:220 left:150 TextData = pos:(163,20) textcolor:black fontsize:S text:Rytwiany in 2002 DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:-135 till:135 ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:135 start:-135 gridcolor:gray1 PlotData = bar:80+ color:blue1 width:1 from:-12 till:0 width:12 text:12 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:80+ color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:41 width:12 text:41 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:70-79 color:blue1 width:1 from:-51 till:0 width:12 text:51 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:70-79 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:69 width:12 text:69 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:60-69 color:blue1 width:1 from:-57 till:0 width:12 text:57 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:60-69 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:84 width:12 text:84 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:50-59 color:blue1 width:1 from:-97 till:0 width:12 text:97 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:50-59 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:87 width:12 text:87 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:40-49 color:blue1 width:1 from:-134 till:0 width:12 text:134 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:40-49 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:125 width:12 text:125 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:30-39 color:blue1 width:1 from:-119 till:0 width:12 text:119 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:30-39 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:103 width:12 text:103 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:20-29 color:blue1 width:1 from:-128 till:0 width:12 text:128 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:20-29 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:120 width:12 text:120 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:10-19 color:blue1 width:1 from:-134 till:0 width:12 text:134 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:10-19 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:120 width:12 text:120 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:0-9 color:blue1 width:1 from:-96 till:0 width:12 text:96 textcolor:black fontsize:8px bar:0-9 color:red1 width:1 from:0 till:95 width:12 text:95 textcolor:black fontsize:8px

Figure 1. Population pyramid of village in 2002 — by age group and sex

References

{{Authority control Villages in Staszów County