Ryanoids are a class of
insecticides which share the same
mechanism of action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect. A mechanism of action usually includes mention of the specific molecular tar ...
as the
alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of basic
BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use. The original version was created by John G. Kemeny and Th ...
ryanodine
Ryanodine is a poisonous diterpenoid found in the South American plant '' Ryania speciosa'' (Salicaceae). It was originally used as an insecticide.
The compound has extremely high affinity to the open-form ryanodine receptor, a group of calcium c ...
. Ryanodine is a naturally occurring insecticide isolated from ''
Ryania speciosa''.
Ryanoids include natural chemicals which are closely related to ryanodine, such as
ryanodol and
9,21-didehydroryanodol, and also chemically distinct synthetic compounds such as
chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxypyr),
flubendiamide,
cyantraniliprole,
cyclaniliprole, and
tetraniliprole, which are called diamide insecticides.
Ryanoids exert their insecticidal effect by interacting with
ryanodine receptor
Ryanodine receptors (RyR for short) form a class of intracellular calcium channels in various forms of excitable animal tissue like muscles and neurons.
There are three major isoforms of the ryanodine receptor, which are found in different tissu ...
s, a type of
calcium channel
A calcium channel is an ion channel which shows selective permeability to calcium ions. It is sometimes synonymous with voltage-gated calcium channel, although there are also ligand-gated calcium channels.
Comparison tables
The following tables ...
. This causes loss of muscle function
leading to paralysis and death.
References
{{insecticides
Insecticides