The Rutocertina is one of only three suborders in Shimankiy's (1957) classification of the

Nautilida The Nautilida constitute a large and diverse order of generally coiled nautiloid cephalopods that began in the mid Paleozoic and continues to the present with a single family, the Nautilidae which includes two genera, ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonauti ...

, the other two being the Lirocerina and Nautilina. Genera in the Rutocerina are redistributed (Kümmel 1964) in the Rutoceratina, Tainoceratina, and Centroceratina. The Lirocerina is redefined as the Liroceratina, and Nautilina.remains as is. In general terms these are similar to the simpler classification proposed by Kümmel 1964, wherein the Nautilida is divided into five superfamilies, the Tainocerataceae, Trigonocerataceae, Clydonautilacea, Aipocerataceae, and Nautilaceae. Shimanskiy's classification involves 34 families, Kümmel's only twenty-seven. The Rutoceratina (Shmanskiy 1957) is divided into two unequal superfamilies which do not correspond with the superfamilies of Kümmel, 1964. They are the Rutoceratacea and the Solenochilaceae. The Rutoceratacea is essentially the Rutoceratidae of Kümmel 1964, elevated and expanded to contain two families, the Rutoceratidae in the

Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a period (geology), geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era during the Phanerozoic eon (geology), eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian per ...

, and the Neptunoceratidae in the late

Carboniferous The Carboniferous ( ) is a Geologic time scale, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era that spans 60 million years, from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the ...

. The Solenochilaceae is more or less equivalent to Kümmel's Aipocerataceae

Description

Based on descriptions of the Rutoceratidae and Aipocerataceae in Kümmel 1964, the Rutoceratina are characterized as having longiconic, curved, and coiled shells which develop solid, hollow, and spoutlike wings, frills, and spines; the siphuncle being ventral, mostly orthochoanitic and empty, but in some the septal necks may be long ventrally and recumbent dorsally.

Range

The Rutoceratina lived during the Devonian, Carboniferous, and early

Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s ...

, derived from the Oncocerida. They gave rise (Shimanskiy) through the Rutoceratidae in the Devonian to the Tainoceratina and the Centroceratina and through a family of the Solenochilaceae at the end of the Devonian to the Liroceratina.

Taxonomy

* Nautilida (Nautiloidea, Cephalopoda) ** Rutoceratina *** Rutocerataceae **** Rutoceratidae **** Neptunoceratidae *** Solenochilaceae **** Solenochilidae **** Litogyroceratidae **** Scyphoceratidae **** Dentoceratidae

References

* Kümmel, Bernhard, 1964; Nautiloidea—Nautlida, in The

Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology,'' published from 1953–2007 by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas, then 2009–present by the University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, is a definitive multi-authore ...

; R.C. Moore Ed.pp K383- K448 * Shimanskiy 1957, in Kümmel 1964, pp K386-387 {{Taxonbar, from=Q7383529 Permian cephalopods Carboniferous cephalopods Devonian cephalopods Nautiloids Devonian first appearances Cisuralian extinctions