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Railway Troops of the Russian Armed Forces ()См. сведения о постоянных корреспондентах газеты « Красная звезда» в выходных данных на С. 2. каждого еженедельного выпуск�



и др.
are a
railway troops Railway troops are soldiers who are also railway engineers. They build, repair, operate or destroy militarily relevant railway lines and their associated infrastructure. History The establishment of railway troops by the great powers followe ...
service in the Logistical Support of the Russian Armed Forces. They are involved in ensuring the defense of Russia. Railway Troops perform the tasks of rail services (preparation, construction, reconstruction and protection of railway infrastructure). It is the oldest such force in the world, established in 1851, as a unit in the engineering corps of the
Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...
. The professional holiday of the Troops is celebrated on August 6.


History

Railway Troops were first established August 6, 1851 by decree of
Emperor Nicholas I Nicholas I, group=pron (Russian language, Russian: Николай I Павлович; – ) was Emperor of Russia, List of rulers of Partitioned Poland#Kings of the Kingdom of Poland, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 18 ...
. In accordance with the document "Regulations on the Management of St. Petersburg – Moscow railway" was formed by 14 separate companies of military-workers, 2 companies of conductors and 1 telegraphy company. The total number reached 4,340 people. The task of the first military railway units was to support the working conditions of railway tracks, crossings, bridges, and their protection. Railroad became part of the Corps of Engineers since its inception in 1870. Initially, they were organized as train teams, and from 1876 onward, as railroad battalions. Railway troops remained part of the Corps of Engineers until 1908. They were then designated in a separate category and are subject to military service messages (Military Communications of the Red Army, VOSO) of the General Staff. During the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, the Railway Troops provided a continuous supply line to the Russian army via railways specially built by the force, including the Bender
Galati Galati may refer to: * Galați, a city in eastern Romania. * Galati Mamertino, municipality in the Metropolitan City of Messina in Sicily, Italy * Galați County Galați () is a county (județ) of Romania, in Moldavia region, with the capital c ...
route. During
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, the personnel of the units built about 300 kilometers of
broad gauge A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the used by standard-gauge railways. Broad gauge of , more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries ...
railway and up to 4,000 km of narrow gauge. They also restored more than 4,600 kilometers of track and nearly 5,000 kilometers of
telephone A telephone, colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that enables two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most ...
and
telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas ...
lines associated with railway tracks.


Organization

In connection with the reorganization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation after the
dissolution of the Soviet Union The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of ...
, located in the territory of the Russian Federation
Presidential Decree A decree is a legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state, judge, royal figure, or other relevant authorities, according to certain procedures. These procedures are usually defined by the constitution, Legislative laws, or customary l ...
signed on 18 April 1992 №392 "''On the Railway Troops of the Russian Federation''" General Directorate of railway troops, units, agencies, military and educational institutions and enterprises of railway troops, stationed in the Russian Federation, have been taken under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation.
Presidential Decree A decree is a legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state, judge, royal figure, or other relevant authorities, according to certain procedures. These procedures are usually defined by the constitution, Legislative laws, or customary l ...
of 30 September 1992 №1148 "''On the structure of the central bodies of federal executive power''" General Directorate of Railway Troops of the Ministry of Architecture, Building and Housing of was reorganized into the Federal Railway Troops of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, by thus taking them out of the Armed Forces control. On 7 August 1995 Federal Law of 5 August 1995 N 126-FZ "''On the Railway Troops of the Russian Federation''" entered into force. According to Presidential Decree №903 signed on September 7, 1995 the Federal Railway Troops of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation were reorganized into the Federal service of railway troops of the Russian Federation. In accordance with Presidential Decree signed on 3 March 2004 №314 "''On the system and structure of federal executive agencies''" the Federal Railway Troops Service was abolished and its functions transferred to the
Russian Ministry of Defense The Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (; MOD) is the governing body of the Russian Armed Forces. The President of Russia is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Commander-in-Chief of the forces ...
. The provisions of the decree concerning the Federal Railway Troops of the Russian Federation entered into force after the entry into force of the federal law (Federal Law of 29 June 2004 N 58-FZ). On October 5, 2004 the troops became subordinated to the Russian Armed Forces Rear Service.


Units (2017)

*5th Separate Railway Brigade ( Abakan) *7th Separate Railway Brigade (
Komsomolsk-on-Amur Komsomolsk-on-Amur ( rus, Комсомольск-на-Амуре, r=Komsomolsk-na-Amure, p=kəmsɐˈmolʲsk nɐ‿ɐˈmurʲə) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the west bank of the Amur R ...
) *9th Separate Railway Brigade ( Syzran) *29th Separate Railway Brigade (
Bryansk Bryansk (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna (river), Desna River, southwest of Moscow. It has a population of 379,152 at the 2021 census. Bryans ...
) *34th Separate Railway Brigade (
Ryazan Ryazan (, ; also Riazan) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River in Central Russia, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 C ...
) *37th Separate Railway Brigade ( Nevinnomyssk,
Georgiyevsk Georgiyevsk () () is a historical city of Russia, historical types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located in the North Caucasus on foothills, submontane tableland on the right bank of the Podkumok River (a tri ...
) *38th Separate Railway Brigade (
Vologda Vologda (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the river Vologda (river), Vologda within the watershed of the Northern Dvina. Population: The city serves as ...
) *39th Separate Railway Brigade (
Krasnodar Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 millio ...
) *43rd Separate Railway Brigade (
Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg (, ; ), alternatively Romanization of Russian, romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( ; 1924–1991), is a city and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast and the Ural Federal District, Russia. The ci ...
) *48th Separate Railway Brigade (
Omsk Omsk (; , ) is the administrative center and largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Omsk Oblast, Russia. It is situated in southwestern Siberia and has a population of over one million. Omsk is the third List of cities and tow ...
) *50th Separate Railway Brigade ( Svobodny) *333rd Separate Railway Brigade (
Volgograd Volgograd,. formerly Tsaritsyn. (1589–1925) and Stalingrad. (1925–1961), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The city lies on the western bank of the Volga, covering an area of , with a population ...
) *118th Separate Pontoon-Bridge Railway Battalion (
Khabarovsk Khabarovsk ( ) is the largest city and the administrative centre of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia,Law #109 located from the China–Russia border, at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri Rivers, about north of Vladivostok. As of the 2021 Russian c ...
) *333rd Separate Pontoon-Bridge Railway Battalion (Volgograd)


Equipment

At the disposal of railway troops are complex high-performance machines and tools, advanced design and equipment for rehabilitation and construction of railways. The complex includes: *track machines *pile-driving and blasting equipment *overhead traveling cranes *railway cranesВ учебном центре железнодорожных войск в Волгограде начались занятия с курсантами весеннего призыва
// Министерство обороны Российской Федерации. *collapsible structure and support *inventory collapsible trestle *specialized equipment floating bridges *
armoured train An armoured train (Commonwealth English) or armored train (American English) is a railway train protected with heavy metal plating and which often includes railway wagons armed with artillery, machine guns, and autocannons. Some have also h ...
s


Further reading

* Железнодорожный транспорт: Энциклопедия / Гл. ред. Н. С. Конарев. —М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия.


See also

* Awards and emblems of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation


References


External links

{{Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Military units and formations of Russia 1851 establishments in the Russian Empire Rail transport in Russia Railway troops