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A rural municipality, often abbreviated RM, is a type of municipal status in the Canadian provinces of
Manitoba Manitoba is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population ...
,
Saskatchewan Saskatchewan is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province in Western Canada. It is bordered on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, to the northeast by Nunavut, and to the south by the ...
,''The Municipalities Act'', SS 2005, c M-36.1, s 49.
and
Prince Edward Island Prince Edward Island is an island Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. While it is the smallest province by land area and population, it is the most densely populated. The island has several nicknames: "Garden of the Gulf", ...
. In other provinces, such as
Alberta Alberta is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province in Canada. It is a part of Western Canada and is one of the three Canadian Prairies, prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to its west, Saskatchewan to its east, t ...
and
Nova Scotia Nova Scotia is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada, located on its east coast. It is one of the three Maritime Canada, Maritime provinces and Population of Canada by province and territory, most populous province in Atlan ...
, the term refers to municipal districts that are not explicitly urban, rather than being a distinct type of municipality.


History

Unlike Eastern Canada or the United States, the Prairies have never had counties. The Municipal Ordinance of 1883 was enacted by the then North-West Territories to incorporate and empower municipalities in areas of four or more townships, establishing the offices of Treasurer, Assessor, Collector, and Auditor; departments for roads, animal control, and police; and a judiciary depending on the size of the municipality. The Ordinance also established the category of "statute labour", wherein each male inhabitant of working age in a municipality was liable for at least one day of labour for property up to and including $300, and an additional day for each $300 value increment; these days could be paid off either by performing labour on the days or paying $2 per day. The Government continued this with the Statute Labour Ordinance (1897), which established sets of statute labour and fire (SLF) districts or statute labour districts in areas not under any municipality. Prairie fires in the 19th century were devastating affairs; fire districts were precursors to local improvement districts (LIDs). Saskatchewan and Alberta became provinces in 1905. In Saskatchewan, discontinuance of local improvement districts in favour of smaller rural municipalities began on December 13, 1909. Typically, a rural municipality consists of about nine townships, each six miles by six miles in area. Settled areas of denser populations could form urban municipalities such as villages, towns and cities. In northern Saskatchewan, the large Northern Local Improvement District was replaced by the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District in 1972, and was not subdivided into smaller rural municipalities.


Rural municipalities by province

File:Alberta's Rural Municipalities.png, In Alberta (gold, green, and grey) File:Saskatchewan Municipalities.png, In Saskatchewan (gold) File:Manitoba municipalities 2015.png, In Manitoba (gold) File:Prince Edward Island municipalities.png, In Prince Edward Island (green) File:Nova Scotia municipalities 2020.png, In Nova Scotia (lime green and mint green)


See also

* Municipal government in Canada


References


Works cited

*


External links


Saskatchewan Gen Web - One Room School Project - Evolution
{{Canada topic, Local government in Census divisions of Canada Subdivisions of Canada Local government in Canada Rural municipalities in Canada
Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...