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The Rue de Richelieu () is a long street of
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
, starting in the south of the 1st arrondissement at the Comédie-Française and ending in the north of the 2nd arrondissement. For the first half of the 19th century, before Georges-Eugène Haussmann redefined Paris with grand boulevards, it was one of the most fashionable streets of Paris. It is notable for the
National Library of France National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...
and for scattered coin dealers and currency changers, being near the
Paris Bourse Euronext Paris, formerly known as the Paris Bourse (), is a regulated securities trading venue in France. It is Europe's second largest stock exchange by market capitalization, behind the London Stock Exchange, as of December 2023. As of 2022, th ...
, the stock market.


Name

The street is named for the Cardinal de Richelieu, chief minister of King
Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown. ...
from 1624 to 1642. The street was originally called the Rue Royale and then Rue de Richelieu soon after. The name was changed to the Rue de la Loi in 1793 during the French Revolution; its name was restored to Richelieu in 1806.


Notable buildings

*
Palais-Royal The Palais-Royal () is a former French royal palace located on Rue Saint-Honoré in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. The screened entrance court faces the Place du Palais-Royal, opposite the Louvre Palace, Louvre. Originally called the Palais-Ca ...
, a Richelieu residence () * , ''Site Richelieu'', a historical building () * Comédie-Française, main hall ( Salle Richelieu) * The old Fauré Le Page store located 8, Rue de Richelieu at the corner of the Rue de Richelieu and the Rue de Montpensier. The famous firearms played an active role to the French Revolution by distributing arms to the people in 1789 and in 1830. * The former Royal Palace Hotel, which opened in 1909 was located in the same building as the Fauré Le Page store. * The birth of the croissant itself—that is, its adaptation from the plainer form of kipferl, before the invention of viennoiseries—can be dated to at least 1839 (some say 1838) when an Austrian artillery officer,
August Zang August Zang (; 2 August 1807 – 4 March 1888) was an Austrian entrepreneur who founded the Viennese daily '' Die Presse''. He also had a major influence on French baking methods. Soldier and baker The son of Christophe Boniface Zang, a Vienn ...
, founded a Viennese bakery ("Boulangerie Viennoise") at 92, Rue de Richelieu.The 1839 date, and most of what follows, is documented in Jim Chevallier, ''August Zang and the French Croissant: How Viennoiserie Came to France'', pp. 3–30; for the 1838 date, se
Giles MacDonogh "Reflections on the Third Meditation of La Physiologie du goût and Slow Food"
(p. 8); an Austrian PowerPoint �
Ess-Stile
– gives the date of 1840 (slide 46). A 1909 image of the bakery shows the same date for its founding, but the bakery was already documented in the press before that.
This bakery, which served Viennese specialties including the kipferl and the Vienna loaf, quickly became popular and inspired French imitators (and the concept, if not the term, of ''viennoiserie'', a 20th-century term for supposedly Vienna-style pastries). The French version of the kipferl was named for its crescent (''croissant'') shape and has become an identifiable shape across the world. Place Mireille - Paris I (FR75) - 2021-06-14 - 1.jpg, Rue de Richelieu at the Place Mireille Bibliothèque nationale de France, Salle Labrouste, 14 September 2019 03.jpg, Salle Labrouste, , ''Site Richelieu'' Ancienne boutique Fauré Le Page.jpg, The old Fauré Le Page store is located at 8, Rue de Richelieu ROYAL PALACE HOTEL.jpg, The Royal Palace Hotel, inaugurated in 1909 P1090007 France, Paris, le bâtiment du théâtre de la Comédie-Française (5629183743).jpg, Comédie-Française


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See also

* Hôtel Tubeuf


References

{{Reflist Richelieu Richelieu Cardinal Richelieu